"Bryansk Forest" - mumwe biosphere chengetedza ne UNESCO

A guru kwazvo chikamu wenharaunda Russia rinosanganisira masango, saka tichazviita kufema mhepo yakachena, uye tinogona kuchengeta shiri dzakawanda isingawanzowanikwi uye mhuka. Mumwe izvi ane kuchengeterwa "Bryansk Forest", riri Suzemskom uye Trubchevsk mumaruwa pakati Bryansk nharaunda, Nerusso-Desna musango uye kuruboshwe kumahombekombe Desna River, ndicho mutero of Dnieper. Nzvimbo mumasango - 12.186 Ha. Muna 2001 akagamuchira mamiriro biosphere. Pano rinoisa anozivikanwa nevakawanda chokurangaridza obelisk makuva partisans vakafira pano munguva yehondo yenyika rokupedzisira.

Muchidimbu yezvakaita kuchengeterwa "Bryansk Forest"

Nokuda kuti kuchengeterwa ichi riri mune zvakasiyana nenzvimbo zones: dondo, Deciduous uye masango boreal - pane zvakawanda zvirimo
vakasiyana kasvisto uye miti nemhuka zvakazonaka. Last kupfuma zvisingawanzoitiki mhuka. Munzvimbo idzi, yakawanda chikwindi bogs, inobereka glacial uswa: Scheuchzeria Marsh, deveteve nemimirite, the willow Lapland. Zvizhinji kufarira kuchamhembe Masango orkideat. Vane zvipenyu kukura chaizvo kunzwisisa uye akapotsa pakutanga kuita kuchinja mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza parutivi zvakaipa. Naizvozvo, orkideat zvose zvichengetedzwe. "Bryansk Forest" Reserve, Rinotipa 19 mhando orkideat. Vamwe vavo vari rwakaiswa pangozi, zviri zvakafanana: Cephalanthera in rubra, patapata chairo, Dactylorhiza reBaltic, epipogium nayo isina mashizha. Mupepa 769 mhando vascular zvirimwa. Izvi, mhando shanu vari kunyorwa chokumbofanobata bhuku: dactylorhiza traunsteineri, epipogium nayo isina mashizha, patapata chairo, Cephalanthera in rubra, mudzimai wacho Dactylorhiza reBaltic.

Mhuka kurarama chengetedza

Navo muzvikamu izvi zvakare chaizvo zvakawanda. Flora mhuka, vertebrates, ane 245 mhando: 153 - shiri, 50 - mhuka, 11 - amphibians, 6 - zvinokambaira, mumwe mhando cyclostomes uye 24 - hove. Vazhinji zvisingawanzoitiki mhando dzemhuka dziri chengetedza
kuchengetedza pokuvanda. kudzikamisa pano ini vapenyu-chakambomira nembira, Beaver nyanzvi Backwaters uye dzakawanda nehova murwizi otters kurarama Nerusso. marudzi matanhatu shiri akanyorwa muBhuku aramu, kusanganisira: wachena shrike, nyoka gondo, dema shuramurove uye nevamwe. Hapana, kunze kuchengeterwa "Bryansk Forest", hazvibviri kuona zvose gumi mhando zvisingawanzoitiki woodpeckers European: mutema, wachena, dema Woodpecker, makwapa Woodpecker duku, svikiro motley, chikuru mavara, chena wakakombama, muSiriya, wryneck uye-toed matatu. Kumwe Europe Unopinda vose pamwe chete havagoni kuwana. Zvinonzi Kazhinji akawana eshiri kuchamhembe, akadai Grouse, boreal zizi, dema Woodpecker. Next kwavari zvakasiyana hwomutambarakede ngavawane pamusoro Remez uye egret kukuru - Southern venguva. The Russian bhuku aramu akarongwa 12 marudzi emhuka, gondo guru uye chiduku mavara, dema neshuramurove, Ukrainian lamprey, Mnemosyne, Apollo shavishavi, hono beetles, hofori noctule, muskrat, pakati makwapa Woodpecker, wachena shrike, nyoka chapungu.

Zvakazorodza Reserve uye mamiriro okunze

The nharaunda umo "Bryansky dondo" rinomirira accumulative
bani, shoma-nhema, zvinyoronyoro raiiswa. Hakuna dzakakwirira zvikuru kana nekusiyana, nisin. Shoma kureba nzvimbo - 125 m, apo kufadza - 210 kureva -. 140-170 mamita machakwi nzvimbo Profile chimiro uye yakafara mafashamo mapani, mumwe pemvura zvinyoronyoro zvokunamata uye flat tenuka. River Valley matadza nzvimbo inosvika 12-15 makiromita, kunze kuti mafashamo upamhi makiromita anosvika mashanu. Floodplains vanoonekwa ne kwazvo dzegirini pamusoro chinjiri kuti yokusvika makubhiti mumwe maviri makiromita uye kugara munzvimbo huru. Kune zvatinosiita kudzika dzegirini uye Dunes 6-9 metres yakakwirira, sinkholes uye zvanza. Okunze aya nzvimbo subcontinental, avhareji tembiricha pagore iri 5.4 ° ^C. The kunayisa ndiyo 550-590 mm pagore. Winter rinowanzova mwero kuchitonhora. Yeuka izvi rwiyo: "Shumel zvikuru Bryansk musango ..."? Izvi ndizvo chaizvo pamusoro chengetedza. Summers muri kudziya. The amplitude of tembiricha negore - 25-27 ^° C akawanda gore - 136-154 mazuva - mhepo tembiricha iri razero inegumi.

Reservoirs Bryansk masango

Polesie nzizi dziri mutero kuna ari Desna River uye nhengo bheseni pakati Dnieper. Vamwe ruzivo pamusoro waterways kuti iyerere kubudikidza chengetedza. Matadza mugero ane panguva nharaunda dzinenge 90 km yakafara: Max - 144 metres, yekushandisa - 60-80 mamita Poyma - wemarudzi, marshy, 4-5? Km paupamhi ..

Chimwe rwizi Nerussa akasiya rechibharo matadza, ane kureba pamusoro apa nzvimbo dzinenge 110 km gwara upamhi kunogona kusvika 52 metres, kazhinji - 25-30. Upamhi floodplain - 2-3 metres, zviri machakwi, dondo, kumafuro uye dondo. Kubvira Navlya River, North uye Usozha. Uyewo yakawanda nzizi duku, wakareba zvichisiyana mashanu 38 makiromita "Bryansk Forest" Reserve, dzinoratidzwa vashoma madziva, inova huru rwizi oxbows Navlya, Nerusso uye mazino. Of floodplain reservoirs kumira riri Upland tenuka matadza Zherenskie rwegungwa; Lake. Big Gérin, mumwe kudzika 0.3-0.4 metres, uye Lake. Small Gérin, anenge maviri mamita yakadzika. Kunewo vashomashoma, mhando sinkholes.

How kuenda kuchengeterwa kubva pedyo mumaguta

From Bryansk - nokuti njanji "Bryansk-Kiev" kuti chijana kumusha Raven yaNoa, etc. - The Municipality pamusoro Bee, Kholmech, Terebushka uye kumusha Berezovka. Ikoko, pakati uye pane dzoro kuti nechepakati Manor. Kubva Trubchevsk - munzira "Trubchevsk-Suzemka" kune itsva, Century uye kuna Berezovka. Kubva Suzemka - munzira "Suzemka-Trubchevsk" kuna Kholmech, Berezovka. Nechitima - nzira "Bryansk-Suzemka" kuna Nerussa kuchikuva nehafu makiromita netsoka kusvika nechepakati Manor. Vanotarisira Reserve Bryansk dondo zvakanaka, iri remunharaunda pakati pa mumugwagwa Kalinina, imba nhamba 34. hofisi iyi akagashira basa rake yaakakudza neWorld Wildlife Fund.