Colombia - a zvokuvhoterwa kana umambo? Climate, zvinokwezva, mapikicha

Wonderful hunhu, kusanganisira zvikuru mumatondo of Amazon uye mi- makomo eAndes anogona kuonekwa ichi nzvimbo rakanaka zvisingatsananguriki yakanaka. Kunyange vashanyi vakawanda vanonzwisisa akashanyira nyika zvenyika dzakawanda, kunokanganisa runako zvaakaona pano. Iyi nzvimbo - Colombia, uyo ndima akanakisisa mahombekombe uye vose Latin America.

Munyaya ino tichashandisa kupindura mimwe mibvunzo pamusoro nyika iyi zvinoshamisa. Ndezvipi zvinhu ehurumende hurongwa? Colombia - a zvokuvhoterwa kana umambo? Ndezvipi zvinhu zvakaita okunze? We nezvoUmambo yevagari uye nenzvimbo chinzvimbo rudzi National chili uye zvakawanda.

Vhuṱanzi

Colombia - kepagedhi South America. Iye - chete pakati penyika South America vane Mahombekombe vari okumavirira muCaribbean Sea (nzira yokubudisa kuna Atlantic Ocean) uye nePacific Ocean.

Hurumende mumakore achangodarika, zvinokosha kuita kuti wakafara kukura ushanyi uye kuitira yakachengeteka vafambi uye pazororo. Beautiful uye akapfuma dzinongoitika zvinokwezva zvokuvhoterwa.

Gran Colombia - nyika yaro akapfuma hunhu uye nhoroondo kwetsika. Kumativi ose guta wehurumende ichi vanogona kuudza munhu kuziva kare uye vaigaramo.

Colombia (Republic of): mapikicha, nzvimbo yomugariro

Colombia inoremekedzwa kuchamhembe-yokumadokero munharaunda South America. Kubva mabvazuva nayo Miganhu nyika dzakadai Venezuela uye Brazil, kuchamhembe-kumadokero - pamwe Panama, uye zasi - pamwe Ecuador uye Peru. Its kuchamhembe chikamu yasukwa paGungwa Caribbean, kumavirira - nePacific Ocean.

The zvachose nzvimbo ehurumende - 1.141.748 ba. makiromita, kureba kumuganhu - 6004? km. Zvaanazvo zvitsuwa zvinoverengeka Colombia.

Republic ari munzvimbo yakashata zvakadaro, Nzvimbo iri zvakasiyana siyana nharaunda. Kumadokero Chikamu Colombia ndiye eAndes gomo gadziriro okumabvazuva - pamwe mapani ebani, uye kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva - musango. Neyamapani mapani ruoko mhenderekedzo, aoma inoremekedzwa gomo siyana Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta. Gomo rakareba pano Cristobal Vatu (kukwira 5775 mamita).

Great Amazon River rinopfuurira kumaodzanyemba-kumabvazuva chikamu weColombia ndima, uye p. Orinoco runoyerera kumabvazuva.

uwandu hwevanhu

Colombia - Republic, vakawanda vacho anogara dzemakomo kumadokero kwenyika yacho. Uye vanhu kazhinji kugadzirisa pamusoro yakamanikana uye kure zvakakwana munzvimbo dzokuzororera dzaiva kubva mumwe rwizi mumipata. The zvachose Vagari nyika - vanhu vanopfuura mamiriyoni 46. Chechitatu vokuparidzira - vanogara kumaruwa, uye wechitanhatu chikamu weColombia chavagari anogara guta guru munyika - Santa Fe of Bogota.

Kamwe guru maguta pakukura muColombia Irkutsk, Medellin uye Barranquilla. Total muna Columbia musha anenge 75% of zvachose mamiriro vemo.

In mazwi dzemadzinza sezvamunoita, vanenge 58% - metises, chena (European) vari 20%, mulatto - vanenge 14%, 4% - negros uye 3% uye 1%, ukuwo, uye Sambo maIndia. 90% of Colombia muna chitendero chavo - Catholic, 5% -hristiane.

guta

Guta guru Colombia - Bogota. Muguta rino zvachose nevanhu vanhu vanopfuura mamiriyoni 11. VokuSpain akavamba pamusoro nzvimbo nhare dzokurwa duku maIndia muna 1538.

Pamutemo mutauro, chitendero

Mutauro unonyanya kushandiswa uri Spanish munyika. Mukuwedzera, muColombia yakaramba 75 mitauro Indian, asi nhamba yavo iri kudzikira ose gore.

polity

Independence kubva Spanish Colonisation, Colombia aakapiwa July 1810, uye zita rayo aripo (Republic of Colombia) anowanikwa muna 1886.

Maererano Constitution (1991), Colombia ari zvokuvhoterwa inotungamirirwa nemutungamiri yakasarudzwa ose 4 makore nokudenga dzakakurumbira vhoti. Panguva iyo hurumende iri inotungamirirwa ane akasarudzwa musoro Republic.

Gran Colombia ari paramende bicameral, yainzi National Congress, izvo zvinozoita inoumbwa yeImba Vamiririri (ine 166 nhengo) uye neDare (umo 102 vakuru).

The enyika huru mapato ndedzinotevera: ". Nokuchinja kukuru" Social Party pamusoro National Unity, rupo, kuchinja, Party pamusoro National kusangana,

Administratively rakakamurwa madhipatimendi (uye ivo - the makanzuru) uye Capital District of Colombia.

ekunze Columbia

Kunyange Columbia uye rakamiswa anenge ari neequator, nokuda musiyano iri kukwira nayo ine mana okunze munyika dzine (kunyanya subequatorial uye Equatorial). Munyika dzakawanda (83%) vari asingasviki 1000 M kubva pegungwa. Sea. Munzvimbo idzi tembiricha Avharenji + 24C. The zvasara (9%) riri imwe nekukwirira 1000-2000 metres pamusoro pegungwa, apo avhareji mhepo tembiricha vanenge + 18C. Kune kukwirira uye kusvika 3000 metres, paavhareji tembiricha uko yatovapo + 12C.

Riri kuCaribbean Coast mwaka - kubva Zvita kusvikira March, uye navamwe gore - mwaka kuchinaya. Chepakarepo hapana chakaoma mwaka uyu Pacific nemhenderekedzo.

Biota

A guru siyana kasvisto uye miti nemhuka zvakazonaka iri Colombia. Republic, uko Pacific pamapani, ane miti yakasvibira achinaya mvura, uye ndeipi Caribbean pamhenderekedzo, achitambanudza Mangroves. Savannah vakawanda, sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, kuchamhembe-kumabvazuva uye kumabvazuva. EAndes vanomiririra musango nemiti.

Uye nyika mhuka dziri siyana: mhando dzakawanda rezvipembenene shiri, mhuka uye hove.

Chinonyanya zvekumwe mhando mhuka, zvinonakidza kunyanya vashanyi: jaguars, kungozvifunga, Tsodzo, uye piranhas.

Kumakungwa, makungwa, uye Columbia River

Kuchamhembe kwenyika yacho, sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, okumavirira paGungwa Caribbean uye kumavirazuva - nePacific Ocean. Oceanside ane Kureba - 3208? Km. paavhareji mvura tembiricha pamahombekombe - + 26C.

Three nzizi ruchiyerera napakati munharaunda Colombia: zasi-mabvazuva - the Amazon, kumadokero - rwizi Magdalena, kumabvazuva - the Orinoco. Magdalena - chikuru chaivo Kukwezva zvekumwe (1,600 km), iro rine Republic of Colombia.

maguta Historical, ivo wongororo

Kudeuka Guta Colombia - Bogota, Irkutsk, Medellin, Cucuta, Barranquilla, Cartagena, Bucaramanga.

Reviews of rwendo munyika iyi zvinoshamisa, muguta rino yenhau, kupfuura zvakanaka. Kunyanya yakakurumbira Pakushanyira guta, vakachengetedza mavakirwo yaitonga nguva.

Pano unogona kuona guta yakanaka pamwe akachengetedzwa nemachechi akawanda nezvenguva - Popayan. Vashanyi yemura izvozvo kwazvo mavakirwo dzemamongi uye mamiziyamu (zana remakore rechi16).

Zvakafanana zvinoshamisa mapurani hurongwa zvinogona kuonekwa muguta Cali. Chimwe chikuru zvinokwezva guta rino anozivikanwa nevakawanda Faralones of Kanaberaleho (National Park), apo kurwa nemabhuru rinoitwa dzose.

Leticia iri pamahombekombe mukuru Amazon River (pedyo nomuganhu Peru-Brazil). Akarumbidza anonzi Island of Apes, iyo mhuka idzi vanogara uwandu vanenge 1,000.

Perfect nokuti yokufaranuka kufamba muRepublic of Colombia.

zvisakamboonekwa

In Colombia, unogona kuona akachengetedzwa nhoroondo Zvivako simba uye asinganzwisisiki dzomunyika Andean maIndia. Pane dzinonakidza matongo mumapaki Tierradentro uye San Agustin. Vakawana imwe necropolis yekare.

Vashanyi kushanyira uye kuona yekare Spanish muguta zvakanaka akachengetedzwa kusvika mazuva ano zvikuru Zvivako Ages mapurani (Spanish). Zvinoita maguta akaita Tunja (Spanish inotangwa muna 1539), Villa of Leyva (chawo - 1572) uye Santa Cruz of Mompoks (nheyo muna 1540.).

The Republic of Colombia akaronga kuti reserves National nemapaki apo unogona kuona yakaisvonaka zvekumwe shiri nemhuka national mumapaki Sierra Macarena, Tyrone, Farallones of Irkutsk National Natural Park, Chiribikete, Ensenada of Morning, Paramilo National Park pachitsuwa Gorgon.

Pazororo muColombia vashanyi zvinopiwa Tours anonakidza, umo munogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezvoupenyu vomunharaunda maIndia. Pano unogona kushanyira nzvimbo yechizvarirwo yaiva yakakurumbira munyori - weColombia Gabriel Garcia Márquez.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti vanopfuura 1,700 shiri marudzi muColombia.

tsika nemagariro

Colombia - zvokuvhoterwa pamwe netsika kuumbwa netsika dzekare uye tsika maIndia uye zvemo kuti Africa uye Europe (Spanish). Zvakaratidza kuti - a yetsika nyika apo zvose kumatunhu vane zvavo nemamwe zvinhu.

Culture of Andean vagari ane simba European simba. Uye muCaribbean vagari - musanganiswa African uye Indian. Pacific Coast tsika pedyo African. Hwaro tsika reAmazon vari tsika Indian.

Uyezve, nharaunda yoga yoga ine mazororo wayo weColombia.

Mazororo

WeColombia vanhu vari chaizvo kwazvo carnivals. Remasangano wavo ari January (mu Pasto) uye February (Carnival pamusoro Barranquilla).

Of nhumbi, mitambo uye kuratidzira kunofanira kucherechedza zvinotevera:

• Cali Fair.

• Flower Show muna Medellin.

• International Festival Music Caribbean.

• Mutambo Theater (Latin America).

• Mutambo muguta Cartagena.

Colombia - Republic anoda vanhu uye anoziva sei kuti unakirwe. Uye muviri pamusoro pavo, zvakare, hamusi okupedzisira panzvimbo. Gore negore pane vari bhasikoro "Tour of Columbia" (March kusvika April). Kazhinji pano makwikwi mu tenesi, nhabvu nemimwe mitambo. Uye kurwa nemabhuru chinhu chinokosha mutsika rudzi urwu.

Vazhinji kumitambo zvechitendero zvakasikwa Somuenzaniso, nokufungidzira, mutambo Sacred Heart Jesu, St. Day. Joseph.

WeColombia National chili

At paro, national chili venyika ino - tsika hwakagadzwa pano pamberi Panovhurwa yayo Columbus. It akanzwa zvose zvinofurira European uye Asian.

Hwaro zvinenge zvose ndiro dzavo dzinoumba bhinzi kuti, miriwo, mupunga uye dzakasiyana-siyana Zvinonhuwirira.

WeColombia chili iri siyana chaizvo uye dzimwe nguva kujairika. Zvose zvinoenderana mudunhu. Vamwe vavo kunyange kudya fried masvosve, chisingafaniri kubata dzimwe nzvimbo.

kusimbisa Great vakawanda munyika kuti nyama madhishi. Zvisinei, In mumhenderekedzo yegungwa nzvimbo, iri hunodzorwa ndiro kubva Lobster, hove uye zvomugungwa, izvo kazhinji kacho vakagadzirira pamwe womukokonati mukaka mumuto.

The Republic of Colombia ane chairwo, kujairika nokuti vashanyi vakawanda National chili. Naizvozvo, sezvo ushe, kurumbidzwaka uku nokuti vashanyi vanoedza chete vamwe ndiro. Ava: huku muto mbatatisi, capers, yekotapeya, zviyo uye anovava ruomba; Corn makeke akaita Pancakes; mupunga mune womukokonati mukaka; creamy muto pamwe mambishi hanyanisi uye mazai; steamed zvomugungwa; nyama yenguruve Red bhinzi; zvakakangwa nyama mbatatisi pamwe zvakakanyiwa namafuta plantains uye mufarinya; mupunga-womukokonati Pudding uye dzimwe ndiro yehuku, nyama, michero uye miriwo.

The zvetsika uye dzakawanda zvinwiwa ino vari kofi, kupisa chocolate, shuga runzimbe nemvura uye madota muto, muchero facial, chidhakwa uye - doro, rum at (rutsanga vodka).

doro: doro Aguardiente (yaigadzirwa shuga sengere pamwe anise nesimba 29%), Chicha (yakavira chinwiwa mupunga, shuga nomukaka), Canelazo (michero muto pamwe sinamoni).

plesieroorde

Colombia - Republic makapfeka Caribbean pamhenderekedzo vamwe akanaka plesieroorde makuru - Barranquilla, Cartagena, Santa Marta. Kwete kure kumhenderekedzo vari muzvitsuwa, iyo nzvimbo iri nyore kuti vashanyi: Providencia, Santa Catalina uye San Andres. mahombekombe dzavo dzakanaka nejecha chena uye vane fabulously yakanaka Coral kumboongororwa takanakidzwa dzakawanda vashanyi.

Zvose izvi Beach plesieroorde kupa zvakasiyana-siyana basa vashanyi: hotels, netsvimbo, zvitoro uye mumaresitorendi. The chete anoramba underdeveloped nzvimbo Pacific Coast kumadokero kwenyika, kunyange pane zvakare mahombekombe akanaka, uyewo riri kuCaribbean Coast. On Mahombekombe izvi uye lagoons akanaka uye zvitsuwa. The chete akaipa - kazhinji kunonaia.

In mhedziso - sei kusvika Colombia

Mavara uye anoyevedza plesieroorde ndiye Colombia (Republic of). Sei kwaari, kuona kwazvo nzvimbo idzi uye kupedza mazororo?

MuColombia kubva kuRussia yakananga ndege ikoko. Kuti tiwane mundege ingasvikwa chete dzaifanoiswa nzira chete anotamisa kune dzendege muAmerica kana Europe.

Kubva France pane kugara zvakananga Vols Bogota, uyewo Amsterdam uye Madrid.

Vazhinji North America (Washington, Atlanta, Houston, uye vamwe.) Uye South American maguta (reCaracas, Buenos Aires, reQuito, uye vamwe.) Uri chokuita zvakananga Bogota.

WeColombia El Dorado Airport ndiyo 15 km kubva pakati Bogota.

Kuti ndione kunoshamisa kunaka zvikuru vachiitawo Colombia, zvakakodzera uchatamisa nendege rakanaka refu.