Design. patani kare. Zvokukura patani kukura

Vachitsvaka aesthetics chakaonekwa yakadzika kare. Vamwe vanhu vari nokuzvibvunza mubvunzo sei kukudziridza basa vanatenzi. Kudzokorora uku yakatsaurirwa unyanzvi ichi, sezvo namaapuro. zvakagadzirwa kare, kuti kwaita dzidziso uye nzendo inotungamirwa - zvose vaiona mberi. Vavesa shoma rwendo kare, muverengi vachadzidza sei kukudziridza zvokunyaradza kugadzira zvitayera, zvipfeko, nzvimbo.

Tsanangudzo zvakagadzirwa

Translated kubva Italian shoko "kugadzira" rinoreva "urongwa", "akafanana", "muenzaniso". Sezvazvakanyorwa wakaonekwa ichangobva muchiRussia, asi unyanzvi pachayo akatanga kuumba mazana emakore akapfuura. Modern Nyanzvi zvinobatanidzwa vaiona basa anofanira kuziva zvakawanda zvaidiwa nyaya munzvimbo uye kukwanisa kushandisa navo tsika, pakusika zvirongwa. Tenzi nemano ake kushanda pamwe chete ezvivako, vatengi, vavaki, bhizimisi uye Contractors mubasa sangano zvokunyaradza nzvimbo.

Nhoroondo dzidziso zvakagadzirwa

pfungwa The rokutanga ukama pakati runako uye kubatsirwa chakakonzerwa namaneja rechiGiriki Plato, naAristotle, Socrates, Aristippus, Protagoras. Panguva iyoyo paitova kushanda nevanhu kubatana kuti muchina. Funga mirayiridzo yokusika ane zvinotevera mushanduro mavambo.

1. In pakati pezana XIX remakore, kuvandudzwa maindasitiri kurimwa wakasika ichidiwa mhando itsva pebasa, zvainanga magadzirirwo uye kugadzira aesthetics. Ndizvozvo akaumba patani.
2. Pakupera ari XIX remakore yakanga inoumbwa dzinokosha mitemo nenheyo dzidziso, iyo gare gare kukanganiswa watenzi chikoro. Saka magadzirirwo yava chokubatanidza unyanzvi uye ndege.
3. At pakutanga vemifananidzo XX remakore kunge zvinzvimbo mune indasitiri. Ivo akakurukura yemakambani zvinocherechedzesa makambani uye kungakanganisa kugadzirwa siyana yemagetsi midziyo, motokari. Saka magadzirirwo zvava zvinoyevedza uye mumaindasitiri basa.
4. The kwaita akapedza nokuda paumbwe zvikoro zvakagadzirwa muna XX remakore.

nomupiro Great kune dzidziso paumbwe nhoroondo zvakagadzirwa makaita uye kuramba periodicals.

magadzirirwo sei? 1st uye 2nd nzendo

Nezvekugadzirwa muri iyi Russia ndiyo inoratidza: pashure mukuru kukura yakaderera kuora kwakaitika. Asi simba pfungwa yagara aesthetic. Kushanduka akagadzira unogona kukamurwa muzvikamu akawanda.

In rokutanga kutotanga (1917-1922) kusikwa magadzirirwo akanga akatakurwa achiburitswa kunze ari kudhumhana pakubudiswa kutambudza uye vakawanda unyanzvi, uyewo basa akaitwa mumigwagwa mhemberero uye yezvematongerwe enyika. Panguva iyi, takatanga kushandisa nzira itsva kuti afunge zvokushambadzira, mapepa uye bhuku zvigadzirwa, waiva mavambo kukura yakajeka zvakagadzirwa.

In wechipiri kutotanga (1923-1932), Russia akava mumwe mukuru nzvimbo chokudzidzisa vagadziri nyanzvi mukurima mumadhipatimendi. Panguva ino, tiri wakaumba vamwe pfungwa, kuita pakuzadzisa unyanzvi, uye akatanga kuva chirongwa musi urongwa zvemisha, dzekushandira uye dzevoruzhinji. Triumph yakaitika collages, Fonts Formulations, bhuku mazano, Graphics posita.

Nhoroondo zvakagadzirwa kukura: wechitatu kutotanga

Creative mabasa mumakore 1933-1960 rave akamira nokuda pakatanga kuti Standardization musimboti rinoshanda kwete chete kune vanhu asiwo kusika ezvinhu. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, ndokuguma nenguva kubatana Conceptual aesthetic. Magadzirirwo rakakamurwa kuva nzvimbo dzinoverengeka: penyaya-mhuri, decoration-kugadzira uye ouinjiniya.

Evolution zvakagadzirwa: 4th Danho

Kukura Ndimi rakazotanga pachikuva chechina, rakanga zvinokosha munhoroondo. Mukutanga 60s paiva vokutanga yokungotaura zviitiko pasango Web Design. Muna 1961 VNIITE (All-Union Scientific Research Institute of Technical Aesthetics) akasikwa. mabhuku ake rutsvene nzvimbo yokutanga European mutsika. Chimbofunga rokusika basa rava dzakakurumbira chaizvo. nemitemo Vakawanda rakadzokororwa, uye zvose pfungwa yakanga vakaomerera nevatengi nhumbi. Vakadhakwa zvikoro Western Europe vane yakajeka zvakagadzirwa yachinja manyorero nguva nenguva zvabudiswa. Mumakore 70 vanokosheswa eclectic zvinoitwa retro maitiro.

Kana paiva pachake uye hwakasimba makwikwi (mukupera 80s - mangwanani 90s), kuRussia okushambadza razova chinhu chinokosha chokushandisa zvebhizimisi kukwidziridzwa. Zvakanga iyoyo yakawedzera zvakasimba kufarira yakajeka magadzirirwo ikawanda kugadzirwa mabhuku, nokuparadzira zvinhu uye mabasa.

Origin Interior Design

Vanhu vagara vakatsvaka kusika yakanaka mumhepo kumba kwako. Ndokusaka kuminamato vagadziri nyanzvi dziri kudiwa panguva. History of Interior zvakagadzirwa kunotanga vekare. Chinyakare murume kwainzi bako yokugara, yaakanga namatombo, matehwe, mifananidzo pamadziro, muti midzi uye nezvimwe zvinhu pedyo.

Egyptian iwe Ancient akatanga kutora chimiro mukati mangwanani umambo. The tsika akanzi nenheyo monumentality uye kunofambira mberi. Panguva ino kuvakwa aboveground makuva pamwe kuvigwa dzezvimwe. Rinonyatsooneka mapurani aiva "Mastaba". Middle Kingdom anonzi mujinga nguva mudenga. MuIjipiti, kokutanga paiva chigaro ane musana, iyo akazova template ose macheya vakasvika patani ano.

History of Interior Design iri nechimwe mapurani zvigadzirwa kubva Greece yekare: ibwe Slabs, usina kukonekita, huni, zvidhina - zvose zvinoshandiswa kuvaka temberi. Walls uye ceilings vari wakanamira uye yakashongedzwa mifananidzo. A kanoda munyika mubvunzo inogarwa dzemitambo. Panzvimbo madhoo mudzimba rinowanzoshandiswa keteni rejira, akajeka ari pamba. Vakashandisa rengano kana munhoroondo mifananidzo. Furniture yakashongedzwa mifananidzo uye ndafara inlay.

Ancient Rome vakasiya chiratidzo munhau zvokunyaradza zvakagadzirwa. Venyika ino ari kushingaira kuvakwa dzokugezera (dzokugezera vekare), mukati Trim kuti kusiyanisa chaiye hwokusanyara: yokufeva ceilings, wezvidimbu uriri, kushambira madziva, mapindu. Muchadenga inowanzoshandiswa goridhe, sirivha, machena, huni, ndarira, nyanga dzenzou.

Gothic tsika yakaumbwa France. Zviri munyika ino kushandisa yakakoswa mbiru uye yokufeva chimiro Maberere. Masvingo kwakavakirwa akafukidza nesuko uye dzakapendwa ceilings aita. The staterooms kuisa neyenhovo heraldic, zvombo, uye pasi ari Dombo rekare rakanyorwa nezvokukunda rakarukwa tsanga nepanhovo.

Zvinoumba nezvekugadzirwa nzvimbo Design

Kuvaka nzvimbo dzakapoteredza imba yavo yakanga akakodzera nguva dzose. Panyaya iyi, nhoroondo nzvimbo zvakagadzirwa yave rakavapo pamwe vanhu, kunyange zvazvo zita akazviratidza anenge 200 apfuura. Kana vanhu yapfuura vakanga zvakasimba yakasungirirwa hunhu uye akaramba bindu romuriwo, zvino kusika inokosha kumativi imba yako runako mhando.

The mumapaki kutanga kufamba kubva pakutanga nhapwa hurongwa, uye aiva akapfuma strata munzanga. The nani mamiriro ezvinhu emari ari muridzi, wakange mapindu vakanaka yakapoteredza dzimba. nyika imwe neimwe nzvimbo magadzirirwo mune yakasiyana negwara.

MuIjipiti, vapristi vakanga vakura namavara siyana pamwe dzisinganyatsooneki siyana, uye pamusoro pemvura miviri mvura inoraswa lotuses. Paitonga Cleopatra anorimwa Roses. In Thebes zvakanga kwakapararira pergola marongerwo yemiti uye mazambiringa, izvo rinopfuurira nomunharaunda roruvanze.

Development kuti nzvimbo uri Persia akatanga kusikwa reserves nedzimwe mhando dzemhuka (nguruve, shumba, zvinetsoka hoofed), dzaizopiwa kunovhima. Kwaibva nevaPezhiya neatly rakadimburirwa nemakwenzi, delivshie paki zvikamu zvakasiyana.

China uye Japan - nyika, dzichiri pasi pokudzora nouzivi yekare uye zvitendero, anoshevedza kubatana womunhu uye hunhu. Saka, mumapindu vanogaramo vakapinda miviri mvura, matombo, kana gazebo, kusika ine rugare uye yakabatana nepurani.

Nhoroondo nzvimbo nemagadzirirwo Russia hwakafanana European mumwe. Muzana XVII remakore paiva botanical greenhouses, neminda yemiti. Ipapo vakatanga kukura tulips, hyacinths uye daffodils, vaibva Holland. Sezvo upenyu zvachinja pamusoro nguva, uye zvitaera itsva Zvishoma nezvishoma chakatsiva tsaru. Kunyanya Kuchinja mubindu mapurani pachena XIX uye XX remakore.

Kushanduka mufashoni munyika

Nhoroondo fashoni zvakagadzirwa vakatanga kutora kuoneka kubva kare, sezvo vanhu vagara vakatsvaka kusika munhu akanaka, ichidziya uye vakasununguka zvinhu. Zvichienderana netsika, rakaitwa chaidzo outfits, rakarukwa uye nenhumbi. fashoni magadzirirwo anotsaura vanhu pamusoro pfuma uye vanhu vakaderera nzvimbo (masoja, vashandi vehurumende, vatengesi, vanhuwo zvavo). Active kukura fashoni vakatanga pashure chimiro akamendwa shinda uye yokusona.

Primary manyuko fashoni zvakagadzirwa vari zvitoro muFrance uye Italy, iyo tailors vava chaivo nenyanzvi. KuMiddle Ages vaiona iwe hauna yakatanga setsika zvipfeko haina kutambirwa. Zvisinei, muna Renaissance paiva kuchinja, uye nhoroondo fashoni akanga vaisanganisa pamwe zviitiko itsva: paiva yomutambo nguo, andapeni nokuti vakadzi, uyewo vherevheti uye sirika. Neckline kuchiwedzera uye kwakawedzera yakaderera akagerwa zvokupfeka. Zeitgeist anogara zvikuru magadzirirwo.

Nhoroondo vakadzi zvipfeko pamasikiro XX remakore yakanga vaisanganisa nokuda kwokuoma mukono womuenzaniso bhurukwa uye bhachi. Vakasiya pavaida, uye hondo, pashure idzo paiva jasi. Pari, fashoni zviri ose munyika, uye fashoni vagadziri rose vanoratidza basa ravo.

Design - kutungamirirwa rokusika basa kuti hakumboperi panguva pamwero. Muvanhu, pane zvinodiwa itsva uye pfungwa, uye kudzora ndege yavo kushandura pfungwa zviitike kana nokusika manyorerwo yavo yepakutanga. Naizvozvo iwe ichi chiri kuramba kukura.