Diesel generator: kubva kune zvinyorwa kusvika panguva yedu.

Nhoroondo ye generator dizeli yakadzokera kumazana emakore ekuma1900, asi kusvikira nhasi mashandisirwo aya anoramba achizivikanwa uye mukutsvaga magetsi. Diesel generator yakareba uye ine mari, inoshandiswa nyore, uye inowedzera, inogona kuderedza zvakanyanya mutoro pajeri remaguta. Iyi ndiyo nzvimbo yakanaka yekuchengetedza simba, iyo inogona kubatsira mumakamuri edzimba nemabhizimisi, michina yekuita. Kana iri mubvunzo wenharaunda umo pasina simba rekugadzirisa magetsi, saka pasina sachigaro chemagetsi, hazvizokwanisi kutarisira zvachose.

Diesel generator mumazuva ano

Diesel generator - kusungirirwa kunoita magetsi kana kupisa mafuta. Ichi chigadzirwa chinosanganisira injini yedizieri uye jenereta yegesi, nguva yekushanda kwemidziyo inongororwa chete nemafuta emvura.

Iyo inonzi inonzi diesel generator inowanzodiwa semhepo inotyisa inoshandiswa magetsi apo pane chido chekudzivirira kusagadziriswa kwesimba-inogona kuva zvivako zvemagetsi, zvipatara, mabhangi nezvimwewo. Diesel generator inoshandiswawo mune izvo zvivako umo simba rechinguva rinodikanwa - pazvivako zvekuvaka, nzvimbo dzekutenga, zvivako zvemashanti akazaruka nezvimwe zvakadaro. Zvisinei, jenereta dizeli inokwanisa kuronga uye kushandiswa kwemagetsi, iyo inonyanya kukosha mumakwikwi akasiyana-siyana, pane yachts, kumaruwa kure.

Chii chinokwezva dieleri generator yevatengi vemazuva ano? Zvakanakira zvemidziyo yakadaro yakawanda: iyo yakagadzikana, ine hupenyu hurefu hwehupenyu, iine mari, inokwanisa kushanda mukati mekushisa kukuru pane imwe (kubva kune -60 kusvika + 60 ° C), mutinhi wepasi, kuwirirana kwezvakatipoteredza.

Munda wemagetsi mumakumi emakore achangopfuura urikudzidzira zvikuru: zvinobudirira zvekupedzisira munharaunda iyi zvakagadzira dizeli jenereta zvingangova nzvimbo yakakwana yemasimba. Mazuva ano zvivako zve dizizi zvinosanganisira zvakakosha zvakagadzirwa zvemagetsi, ICE. Basa re generator rinowanzoitika, zvichiita pasina kudikanwa kwevanhu: mabasa ose anoitwa nekuongorora zvakadzama kwekuongorora nekudzivirira.

Zvakawanda zvekugadzirwa kwemazana emakore akapfuura hazvisi muzvinoda, zvakakurumbira. Asi chete kwete jenereta -jeri - vanhu vasati vava kukwanisa kuwana nzira yakakodzera yekushandisa iyi. Kusvika ikozvino, jenerateri chete ndiyo inokwanisa kupa simba risina kupinzwa pamutengo wakaderera uye pasinei nemamiriro ekunze.

Diesel generator makore zana apfuura

Muumbi wejeriri generator ndiRudolf Diesel. Zvisinei, zviyero zvekuonekwa kwechigadzirwa ichi zvinogona kutaurwa kunyange makore makumi maviri zvisati zvaitika kuvhurwa kwemashoko - muna 1831. Yaiva panguva ino apo Michael Faraday akatanga kutaurira hurumende kune jenereta inoratidzira-firipi yematare emhangura.

The Faraday design yaisanganisira kopi yemhangura uye magnet. Pasi pechiito chemagnetic field, imwe magetsi yakaonekwa uye magnetti akatanga kutenderera. Kwapera zvishoma izvi zvakagadzirwa zvakagadziridzwa: magnet akanga atova munzvimbo yakamira, uye coil yakasenderera. Pamusana pekufambisa kwekufambisa, ikozvino kunowanikwa.

Mushure memakore makumi manomwe, genius isingazivikanwi yakabatanidza izvi kuwanikwa nejini dizeli raRudolf Diesel uye yakagamuchira imwe chinhu, iyo yatinoshevedza kuti diesel generator generator.

Injini injini uye injini inopisa inopisa

Rudolf Diesel akatanga kushanda pamusana pekuvandudzwa kwemhando yejini in 1890. Zvadaro tsanangudzo yacho yakaiswa mberi, icho chaicho chaive chekuti kukwanisa kwejini kunogona kuwedzerwa kana mafuta akaiswa mujinga nemhepo yakatomesa. Nenzira, injini ine hutano hwe 12% (yakagadzirwa naNicholas Otto) panguva iyoyo yaifungidzirwa sepamusoro. Injini inonzi diesel yakagara ichifanotaura kubudirira kwayo kwemwana muna 70%, iyo, pasina mubvunzo, inofanira kuva yakanzwa.

Injini yaRudolf Diesel yaiva nemutemo muna 1892. Chokutanga, guruva remarara raifanira kushandiswa sehuni, zvisinei, sezvakaitwa nemashandisirwo, izvi hazvisizvo zvakanakisisa. Dombo remarara rakatsiviwa nemamwe mimwe michina, uye mafuta anongonatswa akave akaonekwa sehuwandu hwemafuta: zvakabvumira Diesel kuti ione chinangwa chayo.

Saka, muna 1893 injini yekutanga dizeli yakasikwa, kurema kwayo kwaive nemataundi akawanda. Anopfuura makore matatu munyori akazadzisa zvisikwa zvake, uye muna 1897 injini yakawana. Pasinei nekuti kubudirira kwayo kwaive nemakore 27, uye kwete 70%, mumazuva iwayo kwaiva chiitiko chekunyoresa.

Rydolf Diesel akadana vana vake sejini inotengesa zvinhu, asi mushure mekufa kwesainzi chigadzirwa chacho chakanzizve: muna 1913 chainzi "engine diesel".

Diesel magetsi jenereta: nzira yekuenda zvakanaka

Pakutanga, injini ye diesel yakashandiswa mumagetsi, pamigungwa yegungwa. Iro brainchild ye Diesel yakanga isingagoni kudanwa kuti yepasi rose nekuda kwezvimwe zvikanganiso, uye naizvozvo nzvimbo yekushandiswa kwemajeriri yakanga yakanyanya kuderera. Kwemazana zana chete apfuura, apo mbiri mbiri dzakawanikwa - injini yeadieri uye jenereta yemagetsi - dzakabatana, jenerator dizeli yakatanga kuvandudza.

Kubudisa mazai emagetsi anonzi dizeli anosangana mumakambani maviri: Caterpillar (America) naPerkins. Aya makambani achiripo nhasi anozivikanwa sevatungamiriri venyika mumunda wesimba remashizha dizeli.

Mumakore makumi maviri ezana remakore apfuura, mazai edieleri akaonekwa pamapurazi makuru muAmerica neEurope, uye zvigadzirwa zviduku zvakanyatsoteerera, izvo zvaidiwa magetsi zvisiri izvo.

Nokufamba kwenguva, jenereta dze diesel dzine imwe nzvimbo dzakarasikirwa nehutungamiri hwavo kumagetsi emagetsi emagetsi. Zvisinei, kunyange nhasi ivo vanoshingaira kushandiswa sekuchengetedza, uye dzimwe nguva inowanzo magetsi. Uyezve, kuvandudzwa kwezvigadzirwa zvinoramba zvichienderera mberi, uye mhando dzemazuva ano dzemiti dizeli dzinowedzera kushanda, dzakavimbika, uye dzakagadzikana. Izvo zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa pakati pevaya vanoda simba risina kupinzwa mune chero mamiriro ezvinhu.