Mashoko uye zvirevo zviri dingindira "Human Kuzivikanwa"

Sezvo tsika kuvaka vanhu, ipapo munhu akati zvakawanda, kunyange zvakawanda. We unconventionally kuswedera mhinduro dambudziko "Zvirevo pamusoro" Munhu-munhu "." Mavambo iri pakuti isu vachapa muverengi imwe kutungamirirwa hwokusika kutsvaka. Izvi zvinoreva kuti uchadzidza pamusoro vanyori vane mabhuku zvakazara kana pamwe rakazvipira dambudziko murume.

Fridrih Nitsshe: "Munhu ane tambo rwakatambanudzwa pakati chikara uye overman"

Misa kuziva vauya kufambidzana zita Nietzsche pamusoro Fascism. Kufanana, aiva ideologue iyi muitiro. Zvechokwadi, vamwe pfungwa Hitler akakweretwa kubva muzivi remakore rechi19, kuvapo vachikanganisa pavo. Kutaura chokwadi zvakaoma kuziva kuti chii Nietzsche rinoreva remakore. Chronological uye chaivo zera ndeye rechi19 uye mupfungwa, iye - murume uye muzivi remakore rechi20. Isu achanamatira chokwadi, kwete manzwiro. Nietzsche atova vasingagoni kumisa Hitler, sezvo akafa muna 1900.

The ANODZIDZA huru

Nietzsche zhinji mabasa uzivi, asi mumwe wavo annoys vanhu zvikuru: Munhu anofunga uyo pakutanga akataura pachena vakawanda murume. akati - "munhu tsvina rukova." Asi chokwadi, "Man - ichi ndicho chinhu chinofanira outperform." Nemamwe mashoko, Nietzsche - rugare muzivi uyo akaparidza pamusoro kuzvicheka-kuvandudzika, tichishandisa mashoko ari murwi. Nietzsche kuverenga zvose, asi zvikurukuru "Saka Vakanyarara Zarathustra". Mubhuku rino "munhu wose uye kuti hapana", uchawana zvinhu zvakawanda, kusanganisira akasiyana-siyana mashoko pamusoro hwemunhu ani.

Jose Ortega Gasset, "Simuka makore" (1930)

Makore matatu pashure Nietzsche afa muna chiedza akabudiswa basa (ona. The musoro wenyaya muchikamu), yaiva mhando echimurenga. Chakapiwa kwete chete Genesisi chevanhu vakawanda somunhu wenyama mhando, asiwo hwakadzama netsika anorondedzerwa zvachiri. Mubhuku J. Ortega (akasarudza kunzi kuti nzira) huru chivande hwakasungirirwa kune vakawanda kunetsana womunhu zvinhu uye kwevanhu.

Two anthropological mhando vangasimudzira vakasiyana mumwe pakuti mumwe (pakutanga) - ichi Mutengi, uye wechipiri - nhamba. Mumwe - simbe uye "civilizational hamu" anofunga kuti nyika yose iripo chete kuti agutse zvaaida. Mumwe ari kuramba ezvinhu okugadzira zvinhu uye nokugadzirwa pacharo, kushandurwa kubva nokuzvidzora. J. Ortega bhuku rinonakidza uye rakanyorwa nenzira yainakidza uye dzive nyore kupinda mutauro nako kutsungirira, kunyange mwana wechikoro. Izvi hazvina GV Hegel uye Heidegger. Chokwadi, ane zvakawanda yose kunakidza uye dzinonakidza. Nemamwe mashoko, akadai vaigona kuzadza zivo yako mukwende chete rokuti "Zvirevo pamusoro" murume (munhu) uye vakakurumbira prices nezvazvo. ' "

Irvin Yalom, "Kana Nietzsche akachema" (1992)

Regai kutya, zviri unyanzvi bhuku kuna chiitiko, wakange asina chaizvo.

By mudzidzisi Freud, Josef Breuer, vakasvika Lu mashanga akati shamwari yake, sezvo iye anoita kurwara chaizvo. Aigona purofesa kutaura naye uye kuzviona? The muzvinafundo akabvuma. shamwari Uyu Fridrih Nitsshe. Breyer anotora kumusoro "kutaura mushonga." Kare, psychoanalysis akanonoka, Chokwadi. Asi Yalom nemaune displaces nhoroondo maonero. Kunyange zvazvo mashoko ari mubhuku rino - kwete chinhu chikuru, chinhu chikuru chiri kuti akazara anoshamisa aphorisms pamusoro murume uye upenyu hwevanhu. Uye Breuer ndisingamuzivi ndiani kumurova vari vatengi. Nietzsche anozviti ANODZIDZA guru uye psychoanalyst, pamusoro ndima Somuenzaniso, pamwe Schopenhauer. Hazvishamisi, panguva Kuongorora nemhosva uye chiremba vari kunoshandurwa, uye Nietzsche kare "kutaura mushonga" chiremba achaongorora nderechokwadi hwake. Pakati zvinoshamisa pauri Yalom nhaurirano pane vakadaro (havagoni vouch nokuda kwenhoroondo, kupfuura chete zvinoreva):

- Unofungei, nei iwe wava chiremba?

- Handizivi. Baba vakasimbirira.

- Ndiani kwamuri wakasarudza?

- Zvichida, tsika, imba. I zvimwe ndichida kuva muimbi.

Russian zvavo music mashoko (zvirevo) "Murume (munhu) uye hwake oga upenyu" vari vakatsvaka panyaya iyi tanetseka chaizvo. Nokuti tsika yedu mumwe - kunaka kuti ukoshi. Saka zvakaita mumazuva murimi mudiki munharaunda, saka zvakanga muSoviet Union. Ndiani munhu kuRussia vari kuedza varanda ne "tsika chepamusoro" vakasiyana-siyana.

Kazhinji Irvin Yalom nounyanzvi stylized prose ake "by Nietzsche." muzivi wokuGermany kumbotaura kuti akanyora Yalom, asi aikwanisa kutaura kuti. Somuenzaniso, izvi: "Usati vana, unofanira kuzvarwa."

Ndinorangarira pfungwa S.Dovlatov kuti makore 50 hazvina kukwana kuva somurume. It inosuwisa Zvisinei, uye chibhende.

Muverengi anogona kutsamwira uye vanoti ichi hachisi zvirevo pamusoro unoti "murume (munhu)." Asi zviri nani zvikuru! A aphorisms National kugadzirwa zvakadaro haangaregi kuzengurira.

Blez Paskal, "Pfungwa" (1657 - 1658)

"Pfungwa" - munhu kuziva bhuku, anoshamisa. Pane zvakawanda zviri kufunga chitendero, asi ivo vari unobtrusive saka, saka munyoro, asingaiti Anotadzira bhuku. Mukupesana, kamwe involuntarily kutanga kufunga nezvaMwari. Chero zvazvingava, hazvina kukosha kwaari. Chinokosha ndechokuti B. Pascal akataura murume. Somuenzaniso, inozivikanwa aphorism kuti murume - ". Kufunga rutsanga" munhu nzira iyi, kune rumwe rutivi, anoudza muverengi kuti ariko kusimba uye kupera, uye kuno rumwe - kuti munhu wacho chaizvoizvo simba wayo kunzwisisa. Under zvepanyama mhepo simba zvikuru uye upenyu, anokwanisa kukotama, hwatata uye kudzivisa rufu. Nenzira, ane anenge chevarwere aphorism, t. E. It chikamu boka "tsumo pamusoro unoti" Human Unhu ".

pfungwa dzinonakidza kwazvo pamusoro kwevanhu muupenyu Pascal. vanhu vashoma vanoziva, asi basa - iri evasingatombonamati Russian nemasvikiro. Zvichida, rakapihwa - a "chikamu" Russian hwaMesiya pfungwa munyika. Uye muEurope, vanhu kunzwisisa basa ravo chete sezvo basa raanoziva. Vanofanira kuva vatenzi zvakanaka, ndizvozvo zvose.

Mundima iyi, muzivi wokuFrance, nharo pamusoro chinangwa, anoti: "Chii chinoratidza dambudziko redu? Accident ". Next, zvipe kuratidza mukuru zvinoreva pasina prices. Takaona muduku Somuenzaniso, gweta kana Economist. It kana isu kurumbidzwa uye tinoona kuti zvakanaka. Zvadaro takasarudza yakakodzera basa. Munhu, munhu (zvirevo uye mashoko pamusoro izvi zvinogona kuva zvakasiyana) - anokwanisa kuita zvinhu zvizhinji kwazvo uye hariperi nyaya yokutsvakurudza. Tinoedza kwete chete kuti satiate muverengi yakasiyana chokwadi, sei kuswedera pfungwa dzake nevaya vanyori mabasa avo zvachose inokosha iverengwe.

Uye dzimwe nguva kunyange nani. Somuenzaniso, imwe tsika mhuri. Ngakuve njanji. The baba akatora mwanakomana wake mberi pakati chitima pazera duku. Mukomana akaona zviri inotonhora uye kunonakidza kwokunangisa, kutyaira chitima. mufananidzo uyu rawa kusvika pasi subconscious ake uye modeled yose nyanzvi upenyu. Zvino iye makore 30 okuberekwa, ndiye atova makore 10 muchitima, uye nguva dzose, akagara mariri, anofunga: "Amai, chii Ndiri kuita pano" kana "My upenyu iri kuumba kumusoro sezvo chinhu chakaipa" (S. King) . Uye kupomera mufananidzo chevana, asiwo kuti baba vake hapana chakaipa mutyairi vasingagoni kuona. Asi, sezvo aiti George Barnes. "It chinyadzo kupomera vabereki, kana uri pamusoro 25".

zvirevo Russian pamusoro unoti "Human Unhu"

Awa yasvika uye angaisa kubva National patsime. Tichafara kupedza chete nhatu aphorism.

1. Kwete munhu mhando anogara pachake, uye uyo anogadzira rufaro vanhu.
2. Munhu wese - murume chakavanzika.
3. Munhu asina kuberekwa pachedu.

Kunyange aya zviri pachena kuti mweya yevanhu Russian - a seboka hunhu, asi kuti vanenge kunzwisisa chimwe chinhu munhu, inofanira kubatwa yoga uye zvakananga.

Sezvaunogona kuona, kuRussia vanhu zvirevo mutsa pamusoro unoti "The ndivanaani uye ayo vaida mufananidzo." Zvakanaka, ungaitei. Mumashoko Karl Marx: "Kuva anosarudza kuziva." Izvi ndezvechokwadi kunyanya ari kunyanya hunofadza.