Operational gudzazwi: tsananguro, nheyo oparesheni, kushandiswa

Analog Electronics - chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha zvikamu zvemagetsi, razova dombo achipindira kutama resistors, rheostats uye ammeters kuti digitaalinen "kuyerwa". Achishandisa mubatanidzwa vazhinji nemagetsi zvinoriumba uye wezvamatongerwe nematunhu yakaoma, analoginen zvemagetsi akabvumira kushandisa kwavo kubudirira mufananidzo pamusoro nyore digitaalinen midziyo yemagetsi. Nhasi, analoginen zvemagetsi - hwaro yanhasi yakaoma magetsi hushande.

Mumwe analoginen Electronics - numéro-BSN, inova kunzwisisa multistage zano vachishandisa semiconductors. Mugore chinokosha chimiro chiridzwa ichi ane zvinoshandisa pakurima maviri, izvo inverted kune mumwe. Zvinokosha kuziva kuti mumwe zvainyanya Ivan Kuchin chiratidzo kugamuchira raiva pedyo nebundu iri kukosha chikuru inopfumisa.

Chinokosha kuurayiwa zvinoreva kuti operative gudzazwi anoiswa kuti dzidzira muna rimwe kushanda Chip zvinogumbura. The hushande pamusoro mudziyo ichi, uyewo zvose vamwe zvinhu, akapiwa rinokosha rokuti. Sezvo kutonga, operative gudzazwi redunhu chati vanomiririra netriangle guru. Munguva ichangopfuura, Zvisinei, zvinobvira kuti kuwana imwe nzira chiratidzo nokuda gudzazwi - imwe rectangle pamwe netriangle mukati. Ungangove, mumwe rokuti yakadaro wakatangwa kurerutsa mufananidzo mudziyo iri nechepamberi chati.

Operational gudzazwi zvikumbiro nhasi ndiyo siyana chaizvo. Izvi multistage mano zvinoshandiswa akasiyana-siyana amplifiers zvakasiyana anonongedzera. Uyezve, operative gudzazwi rinowanzoshandiswa jenareta pamusoro zviratidzo zvemagetsi, uyewo filters nokuda zvakarekodhwa Frequency siyana. Uyezve, simba razova chinhu chinokosha zvikuru pane kudzora mamiriro dhayagiramu ane muzvizhinji muviri zvakawanda (semuenzaniso, mamiriro okunze dzemapurisa).

Nheyo kushanda ari operative gudzazwi zvinowanzooneka zvichienzaniswa wezvinonhuhwira zviyero, tsono uko vakatsauka nenzira apo mutoro pamusoro kupfuura mukombe. ari operative gudzazwi chete zvinokosha kuona mumwe mikombe pachishandiswa "+", wechipiri - "-" uye chakayerwa ukoshi kutsiva volts pachinzvimbo magiramu. Saka gudzazwi pave voltage kuenzanisa module imwe uye yechipiri chiyamuro. (- zvimwe kunaka) kana zvinogona musiyano pamusoro zvakananga chiyamuro mukuru Ivan Kuchin, yakanaka voltage iri yakawanikwa panguva goho.

Vodzokera pakunzi operative amplifiers mudunhu dhayagiramu zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti mbune inowanzozivikanwa runotaurwa imwe "+" uye Ivan Kuchin - "-". Zvisinei, vanhu ivavo havasi kushanda! Dzimwe nguva zvirongwa pamukova chiratidzo haina kuisa, asi pachinzvimbo inverted chiyamuro katsamba muchimiro madenderedzwa duku.

Kuti kuderedza aikanganiswa ari operative gudzazwi kune hwokugadzira vibrations chiyamuro yemagetsi chiratidzo iri akapinda operative gudzazwi CCA - kunaka dzinovaka. Uchishandisa redunhu zvinoriumba akadai yokusunungurwa remubatanidzwa ane inverted mazano Via vakazvitsaurira resistor, zvishomanana zvarakasiya kubva akapiwa chiyamuro chiratidzo havasi akatapwa operative gudzazwi panguva oparesheni.

Dzimwe nokuti operative gudzazwi aitenderera dhayagiramu kunzwisisa mano anoshandisa nyaya dzinovaka, apo mukomboni yakabereka zvakanaka kwezvavakaisa goho Via akazvitsaurira resistor. inofadza divi kushanda sokuti kana kushandisa nyaya dzinovaka - "hysteresis loop".

Mukupedzisira, operative amplifiers anoshandiswa unipolar apo, apo uye nechirwere simba wedzerai.