Formats orugwaro mafaira uye zvirongwa kubata navo: History uye Nhasi

Ose kombiyuta mushandisi kunoramba atarisana zvakasiyana zvinogona orugwaro mafaira, asi hazvingaiti kufunga sei vapfumi nhoroondo zvinogona izvi uye zvirongwa kuti ape vanhu mukana kuverenga bhuku, kushanda rwezuva nokusika ose anodiwa mapepa zvakananga kombiyuta.

History chinyorwa mafaira havasi muduku zvikuru kupfuura pachavo pachake makombiyuta - ndiko kuti programmers wokutanga pakati ounyanzvi dzavo zvakanyorwa pakutanga analogues ano "nebhuku rokunyorera". Saka chii vari zvinogona orugwaro mafaira uye zvirongwa kushanda navo? First unofanira kunzwisisa zvinodiwa chinyorwa mafaira, chero misiyano pakati pavo uye chii vane zvakafanana. Chine zvose chinyorwa Inogadzirawo chavainyanya basa - kuzoponesa chinyorwa ruzivo. Avo akasiyana kubudiswa nezvaanogona uye formatting rugwaro, uyewo kuwana mashoko mumabhatiri mafaira nemashoko kugarisana nevamwe zvirongwa.

A nyore chinyorwa youduku ndiyo dzinozivikanwa kuti TXT format. Ndiye kupfuura mwero pakati yaaizova uye mukuru chinyorwa format. Nokuda kwayo nyore (zvichiita TXT zvishoma kuisa orugwaro nokuputsa kuva ndima), youduku ichi rinowanzoshandiswa ne akawandisa mafomu uye zvirongwa dzakasiyana-siyana platforms.

With kuwandisa pachavo makombiyuta uye vawedzere rokutengesa dzavo, Microsoft anosika mumwe pamanyorerwo mukurumbira rinonzi Rich Text Format (kana kungoti EPUB). Zviri rugwaro Kunoonekwa nokuva mamwe "mashoko kuzvidzora", vachibvumira kwete chete kuti kubereka asiwo achengetedze zvakaoma formatting namatidza yemaitiro rugwaro, matafura, mifananidzo, headers, footers, uye mashoko omuzasi.

Zvisinei, EPUB rakanyatsojeka muduku nezvaanogona Doc format, sezvo vakasikwa Microsoft zvakananga yekombiyuta inonzi Microsoft Office. Rinogadzwa anopfuura gumi adarika Doc rinosanganisira akawandisa zvingangoitika formatting uye neshoko kubudiswa, kusika, fora uye placement zvifananidzo, machati, matafura, uye zvimwe zvinhu. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti chinonyanya akarurama izvi zvinhu zvinoshanda chete muna MS Word. Izvi imhaka zvikurukuru chokwadi kuti Microsoft haasi kuitika Doc pamanyorerwo nokurondedzerwa uye haritauri kuti vakwikwidzi ayo uye akazvimirira Developers kusunga simba pamanyorerwo ichi zvizere. Izvi mumwe zvikonzero mukuwedzera Doc youduku mazuvano kushandiswa zvikuru uye dzimwe kutumirana faira zvinogona.

Musiyano mukuru pakati Doc pamanyorerwo kubva murugwaro Inogadzirawo EPUB uye TXT raro binary hunhu, nemhaka iyo anova unreadable kudaro nyore rwezuva vapepeti akafanana Wordpad, Lexicon, Atlantis. Uyezve, dzimwe nguva, unogona kuonekwa kusapindirana Doc-mafaira zvakasikwa mushanduro MS Word siyana.

Text faira zvinogona anogona achasvinudzwa uye rakapepetwa mune akawandisa zvirongwa. Kuwedzera yambotaurwa MS Word, vakawanda ava vari StarOffice, kuwanika kubva Sun Microsystems, WordPerfect kubva Corel uye vakasununguka OpenOffice.org Suite.

With kuwanda kwezvinhu zvemagetsi, e-vaverengi kuwedzera kukurumbira uye mamwe acho faira zvinogona Somuenzaniso, FB2 uye LRF.

Kuti kukwanisa kushandisa dzakasiyana-siyana rwezuva zvinogona pamusoro platforms siyana, wakasika vazhinji zvirongwa, akadana converters. Converters kubvumira kuti kuponesa mameseji mafaira bhuku remitemo kubva pamanyorerwo mumwe uye kurishandisa mune ramangwana zvakasiyana-siyana mano uye platforms.

Converters anoshandiswa kwete chete kuponesa rwezuva rimwe pamanyorerwo mumwe, asi kuti pave mafaira kuti, mukusiyana kuna dzinorwadza, rinogona kushandiswa pamusoro namano kuti havagoni "verenga" yepakutanga mafaira. Somuenzaniso, vamwe e-mabhuku havatsigiri yakakurumbira zvinogona orugwaro mafaira, unogona kuziva nyore LRF kana FB2 zvinogona zvinobva kunobva mafaira uchishandisa Software converters.