Golden Ring weRussia: Kostroma. Guta Yechinwiwa Ring kweRussia

Golden Ring of Russia ndiyo maviri kare maguta Russian, izvo dziri nechepakati kwenyika, kuchamhembe-kumabvazuva Moscow.

Izvo maguta vanobatanidzwa mune Golden Ring?

Guta Yechinwiwa Ring kweRussia vari Moscow uye Ivanovo, Vladimir uye Yaroslavl, Kostroma uye Tver kumatunhu. Asi chinonyanya kukosha kwavari kuonekwa misha masere. Vamwe ndivo chikonzero kukurukurwa nyanzvi. Munyori rokuti "Golden Ring kweRussia" akava munyori Yuri Bychkov, uyo muna 1967 akasika dzakatevedzana essays pasi musoro "Soviet Russia" pepanhau.

Maguta ava zvechokwadi chokuumba mhete, uye mumwe nomumwe wavo kushamiswa nhoroondo yaro uye rakasiyana nemagariro pazvivako, vasina analogues pose.

nyika imwe neimwe akabata zviratidzo vakare, mune yedu huru Russia. Iri ndiro guta zvaiitika kare, uye vachiri havana kurasa munuhwi yavo. Unogona kuverenga zvakawanda, ngatikurukurei photo, asi zviri nani kuenda parwendo kuenda chapupu Yechinwiwa Ring kweRussia. Tours iri nzira ava kuwanika nomunhu wose.

Mumwe ari boka classifies maguta Moscow, mumwe anodavira kuti zvimwe parameters hairevi tsanangudzo iyi. Hatidi nharo nezvazvo. Basa redu - kusuma iwe (kana kanenge chaizvo muchidimbu) rwekare namaguta Russian. Izvo vakaita mhete ichi naka? The Pamazita vachatarira seizvi:

• Suzdal.
• Kostroma.
• Rostov.
• Sergiev Posad.
• Yaroslavl.
• Vladimir.
• Pereslavl.
• Ivanovo.

Ichi-kuzivikanwa sere "ndarama" maguta makuru Russia. Kunze kwavari kuchine wandei kuti murege zvikuru huchikanganiswa tsanangudzo iyi. Asi munhu anogona kufungidzira zvinoshamisa ounyanzvi nhoroondo Russian uye tsika dzakawanda.

Golden Ring of Russia. Moscow

Kanganwiranai nyanzvi dzedu, asi isu tasarudza kuwedzera aya guta redu yekare.

Moscow riri pakati Volga uye Oka. The guta ndokwenguva nzvimbo 1081 km². Ndicho kupfuura chokufambisa nomusimboti munyika. In guru, kuvandudzwa siyana mabhazi, kusanganisira nepasi pevhu.

The Old Chikamu guru rine tenderera marongerwo. Enhoroondo chinoumba ndiwo Ensemble pakati ari Moscow Kremlin, uye Red Square. Ndiyo nzvimbo yakaisvonaka muguta, kunyanya kubva Gate Rumuko.

guta edu akaramba chaizvo inokosha zvenhau netsika pazvivako, izvo vanodzivirirwa neHurumende. Saka, guta guru akafanira kumiririra reRussia Golden Ring. Moscow achinja, rava guru European guru, asi pane pane nzvimbo zvinoita inimitable, apo vachinyatsonzvera wakachengetedza waaida ose Russian pazvivako zvedu zvikuru munhoroondo.

Kostroma

Tikaramba kuongorora guta, iro dzinoumba Golden Ring kweRussia.

Kostroma - akanaka guta Russian. Yury Dolgoruky Sapasi. Chekutanga Kostroma, Tver anotaurwa yaMakoronike muna 1213. Pakazosvika pakati pezana remakore XIII, guta rino akava musimboti yakazvimirira weutungamiriri mukati, uye pakupera yacho XIV remakore. yakava chikamu Moscow weutungamiriri. Muzana XV remakore, Kostroma akanga pasi vakawanda vachirwisa vari Tatars.

Mugore XVI-XVII mazana emakore kukurumidza kusimukira rwokugadzira: blacksmithing, dehwe, sirivha, marudzi akasiyana-siyana Whitehead Textile rwokugadzira, kupenda uye mapurani. Muna 1751-M Kostroma yomucheka manufactory kuoneka.

rainzwika guta

Kostroma ane kuwanda asingakanganwiki nzvimbo. Chidzidzo chavo kutora nguva yakareba. Kudzivirirwa neHurumende, vazhinji muguta zvinotyisa. Kostroma rinotaurwa uye zvinhu zvakadai, vari pasi kudzivirira UNESCO. Nhasi tiri kukuudzai pamusoro vashoma vavo.

Church Yorumuko muna Grove

Shoko "Debra" riri vashoma vane kwegore risingapindiki rima matanda nzvimbo. Sezvo hwakawanda huripo ngano, kamwe kwaingova musango rakadaro. Ipapo machinda aifarira kunovhima.

A mupiro huru ivakwe chechi iyi yakaitwa akapfuma Kirill Isakov. Ndicho pasad temberi chete asara, izvo chaizvo kudada guta Kostroma. kumativi acho vatatu yakashongedzwa mavharanda vane domes uye nematende. The mukati kwetemberi zvichengetedzwe mifananidzo VI Zapokrovskogo - Kostroma nembiri rokupenda.

Monument kuna Ivan Susanin

Pasina guta Russian ichi mbiri hazvibviri kufungidzira Golden Ring kweRussia. Kostroma anochengeta ndangariro magamba enyika yavo.

Ivan Susanin kukudzwa kumusha kuti muna 1613 akatanga Polish kukupfura kune yatisingaonekwi sango doro, nokudaro rinoponesa upenyu chevaux Michael, rokutanga Romanov dzinza. Feat wake immortalized ibwe pazvivako, izvo nhasi pamire nechepakati avhenyu kweguta.

Ipatiev wemamongi

Machechi uye machechi vanozivikanwa vazhinji muguta vanobatanidzwa Golden Ring kweRussia. Kostroma hakuna anosara. Ipatiev yemamongi yakavakwa muna 1330, zvakanga akavaka Tatar muchinda Chet. Pano akavigwa Ivan Susanin.

Nanhasi pamusoro munharaunda wemamongi zvakachengetedzwa nezvivakwa wenhau: Imba yacho Romanovs, zvikuru bhero neshongwe, iyo yakavakwa pamusoro mari Godunov, Trinity Cathedral. Mukati masvingo wemamongi nhasi iri muna Kostroma Museum.

Anastasiin wemamongi

Nhasi, kwete chete vomunyika yedu, asi vaenzi vazhinji vatorwa kudzidza Golden Ring kweRussia. Kostroma nguva dzose noushamwari anogamuchira munhu wose anoda kuzivana nevanhu nhoroondo yacho. Pakati huru zvinokwezva Kostroma yemanyorero kuratidza Anastasiin wemamongi.

Kamwe Zvaiva matatu yoga wemamonk: Holy Cross, Epiphany vechirume Anastasiinsky. Male (Epiphany) yemamongi rakavakwa mukuru Nikita, uyo aiva mudzidzi St. Segiyo. Muna 1847, pashure moto chikuru, zvakanga yakaguma uye hwakatamisirwa Mutsvene Cross (munhukadzi) yemamongi.

Anastasiin yemamongi rakaumbwa XV remakore. Its muvambi aiva wokutanga mudzimai Ivan Groznogo Anastasiya Romanovna. Muna 1764, wemamongi akanga aparadza, uye nemasisita vakatamira Holy Cross. Nhasi muguta Kostroma apora uye kuita Anastasiin wemamongi.

Suzdal

We anokuisai Suzdal. Golden Ring of Russia Zvakaoma kufungidzira pasina guta rino yepakutanga. The Kremlin aripo kubva muzana remakore rechigumi. Riri pamusoro Kamenka River. Zvinonzi kusiyaniswa nevamwe mumaguta ekare akachengetedzwa yevhu inoerera uye panharirire. The Kremlin ndiye Archbishop raMwari Chambers, Church of Kuberekwa Musikana, St. Nicholas Church.

Church of Wokuzvarwa Musikana pamire wotoona temberi, iyo yakavakwa munguva Vladimir Monomakh. chikamu Its repasi, iyo rakachengetedzwa kubva XIII remakore, ari yakashongedzwa yakanaka kuvesa. The pamadziro vari yakashongedzwa siyana zvifananidzo. Vazhinji anotungamirira kwayo yakakurumbira yemamongi Suzdal. Golden Ring kweRussia, vamwe vashanyi vari kutanga kudzidza kubva guta rekare.

Muzana XIV remakore muna Suzdal akavaka pakudzivirira vavengi nenhare, iyo gare gare akarega kupinda yemamongi Spaso-Efimov. Around iyoyo, kuvaka uye Pokrovsky wemamonk, izvo mazana maviri gare gare yaizova nzvimbo nhapwa madzimai uye navanamambokadzi yanyadziswa boyars '. Mumazuva iwayo, raiva pakukura Russia.

The weNobel of vairwa muhondo dzemachechi German, yakakurumbira Alexander Nevsky, akavamba Alexander wemamongi kurwizi Kamenka. Pakuvamba pano Rizopolozhensky yemamongi yakavakwa. Ngano uye nenhoroondo nzvimbo Suzdal vari kwose kwose. Somuenzaniso, Basil Suzdal wemamongi kuchiKristu.

Vladimir

Muguta rino zvachose anofanira kuenda wose inodzidza Golden Ring kweRussia. Vladimir raiva guta guru North-West Russia, waiva chinoumba remangwana Russia.

Muguta guru yakawanda inokosha chaizvo sezvivako. Somuenzaniso, Gate Golden vari pasi UNESCO kudzivirira. Vakanga avaka XII remakore, mu XVII-XVIII emakore. ivo akavakazve. Munhare kwakanga pavanopinda pamagedhi nomwe, asi kuti achiripo chete chete - huru. Pakutanga vakanga zvemapuranga jira gilded mhangura. simba chaizvo, aine zvakakwana dzichienderana kukura, aine chechi duku pamusoro. Vaiva mukuru pasuo muchinda Vladimir.

Pasina guta rwuripowo Golden Ring kweRussia. Vladimir anofarira mumwe nomumwe wake chena-ibwe Church. The shanu-domed kubvuma Cathedral akaramba Pamifananidzo Andreya Rubleva uye Daniil Cherny, zvakanyorwa muna 1408. Pakupera ari XII remakore yakanga yakavakwa Demetrius domed Church, iyo inozivikanwa nemasango mifananidzo iri pamadziro. zvinhu izvi vanoitwa kudzivirirwa UNESCO.

Pakazopera XVIII remakore muguta paiva Chechi nokufungidzira Musikana, St. Nikita, Nicholas nevamwe. Vladimir akaramba womubati mumba XVII remakore. Zvino hoyu Center kuti Arts Akanaka.

Pereslavl

Munguva dzekare, rwizi yaiva Trubezh Pereslavl. Kana vatsvakurudzi Russian akatanga kukudziridza ndima kunharaunda Volga River, pane rimwe guta pamwe chete zita. Asi nokuti yakavakwa pamusoro safambika, vashoma vane gobvu nyika dondo kwavaigara vyatichi vakagamuchira uye chikamu zita rechipiri - Zaleski. Muvambi guta anonzi Yuriya Dolgorukogo.

Muna 1152, guta vakatanga kuvaka Cathedral of Chitarisiko (amabwe). Kupedza kuvaka Andrew Bogolyubskii - mwanakomana Grand Duke. Kumawere miseve Kremlin akapona. Uye anopfuura masere emakore shure kwavo temberi chando-chena, mumwe mukuru Monuments of Russia yekare. Anofarira vashanyi zvose kuguta riri kuvaka zvayo umambo uye akakwana siluetti.

Izvi Cathedral mugwagwa vatendi munyika yedu uyewo nokuti Sergiy Radonezhsky akagadzwa kuti abbots. Temberi vakapona yakaoma nguva wechiTatar uye Omani yaingopambwa nematambudziko Nguva Troubles.

Rostov Veliky

Munhu wose anogona vazvionere vega Golden Ring kweRussia. Tours parwendo urwu rinonakidza tengesa zvinenge zvose pakufamba masangano ari Russian Federation. In yedu pfungwa, zvakanaka kuenda zvakadaro rwendo kubva Moscow. Nhasi dhisikaundi vafambi 53 kufamba pamusoro guta bhazi Golden mhete. Ichi chikuru mukana kuti tipedze vhiki munzvimbo yekare. Unogona kuenda uye multi-zuva rwokuparidza.

Zvakanaka, tichaenda kuna Rostov, riri munzvimbo Yaroslavl mudunhu. In "zvakaedza zvekare Years", mumwe mukuru yaMakoronike Russian, guta rino rine zvinyorwa chokuita gore 862. Rinoti guta muridzi Rurik.

Nyanzvi nokubatanidza maguta ekare nechepakati chikamu nyika iri Golden Ring kweRussia. Rostov, mu pfungwa dzavo, iri "rinoita" mairi. vakawanda vanoda kare anozivikanwa mapurani Zvivako izvi guta rinoshamisa. Wokutanga Zvechokwadi, yakakurumbira Rostov Kremlin ake Archbishop kwakaita Chambers, mumwe belfry, iyo inozivikanwa ayo gumi domes zviyereso siyana. Nokuti anopfuura mazana matatu, vanhu vakanzwa kurira zvitare.

Rostov Kremlin

It riri mumwoyo peguta. The Kremlin yakavakwa 1683 pasi Metropolitan Jonah Sysoevich uye akava yaaigara. Nepo Nguva dzakadaro zvivakwa akatopera. Pakangotanga dzokugara hwakatamisirwa kuna Yaroslavl, kuti Kremlin akarasikirwa kukosha kwayo uye raderera. Muzana XIX remakore vatengesi vemo kusimudza mari uye kudzorerwa temberi.

Nokuti vose vanofarira Golden Ring kweRussia, wayo kujairika zvinokwezva zviri kunyanya kukosha.

In Rostov Kremlin dzakawanda mapurani pazvivako, asi akanyanya kukosha izvi ndiwo Cathedral of kubvuma. Ndiye chaizvo rakafanana eponymous Moscow Church of kubvuma. Uyu akakura shanu-domed chivakwa. kukwirira kwayo (pamwe muchinjikwa) - mamita 60 It chakagadzirwa zvidhina, chivharo -. yakagadzirwa ibwe jena. Chivako kunoratidzwa vakawanda decoration zvinhu: arkaturno-columnar vematunhu, chinjikira tsvimbo, .. kuvanga, etc. Zvose izvi kunoita netemberi kujairika expressivity, kugadzikana uye runako nhasi.

Ivanovo

Pamberi yaifamba 1917 guta rainzi Ivanovo-Voznesensky. Pane achiri kushanda kurukiswa mafekitari, dzakanga dzakavakwa negore regumi namapfumbamwe remakore. Ivanovo-Voznesensk Varuki vane yakakurumbira avo echimurenga kumunetsawo. Naizvozvo, pane Zvivako zhinji yakatsaurirwa nguva ino.

Zvakakwana anomirira Ivanovo Golden Ring of Russia. Taundi rine Zvivako ekare akawanda zvivako. In yayo nhoroondo centre pane achitengesa mudzimba XIX remakore. The zvikuru evashanyi hunokonzera Schudrovskaya tende yakavakwa muna XVII remakore, uyewo Vvedensky wemamongi, izvo Mikoko pakutanga XX remakore.