Histoplasmosis - Chii? Histoplasmosis: Zviratidzo, nechirwere, Treatment

Zvirwere, zvirwere kunyanya fungal - hazvishamisi munyika yanhasi. Similar matambudziko anotarisana nevanhu zvisinei nezera, kuti munhui, uye zvimwewo. Uye zvikuru chirwere ane ngozi inonzi histoplasmosis.

Chii? Chii zviratidzo pamwe? Izvo yematambudziko kunogona? Ndezvipi kurapa anopa mushonga ano? Mhinduro dzemibvunzo iyi ichava kufarira vaverengi vazhinji. Pamusoro pazvo, hapana chakavanzika anenge vukosha nyore hanya zvikuru mukutanga nezvishoma.

Histoplasmosis: chii?

Munyika dzakawanda, varwere nezvinoda chirwere chakadai. Saka chii histoplasmosis? Pakarepo kuchitaura kuti ichi chinhu fungal chirwere umo nayo utachiona rinokanganisa mononuclear phagocytes, kuita pamusoro zvirwere. chirwere ichi mu mushonga iri anozivikanwa okuti "reticuloendothelial tsitoplazmoz" uye "chirwere Darling kuti."

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti chirwere ane zvakajeka nenzvimbo kuparadzira. In Central neSouth America uyewo kumaodzanyemba-dzokumadokero dziri United States akanyora chirwere kazhinji. maperembudzi inowanikwawo South-East Asia uye Africa. Asi muna Canada, Russia uye nyika dzokuEurope, maperembudzi kuonekwa zvisinganyanyi kuitika - vari nyaya dzakadaro akanyorwa zvikurukuru pakati vashanyi, uyo akapedza nguva refu munyika pangozi. Pasinei yakadaro diki kupararira chirwere kuRussia, muverengi ose achava kubatsira kuziva chii chaizvo chiri histoplasmosis. Zviratidzo, nzira Kupfuudzwa, chimiro uye zvaidiwa chirwere - ichi ndicho dzinokosha kuti chichabatsira vanofungidzira kuti pane chimwe chinhu chakanganisika uye munguva kuona chiremba.

Maererano nenhamba, varume vakaita chirwere ruviri kazhinji. Uyezve, tichikurumidza vana uye vanhu vane kusimba zvirwere (kaviri kupfuura chiremba zviitiko chirwere).

Description of utachiona hwakakura uye nokubata mashandiro

Kuti tinzwisise chii histoplasmosis, chokutanga unofanira kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro wayo exciter. Ivo ndiyo dimorphic chakuvhe Histoplasma capsulatum. Its jira fomu iri diki, peya-celled muviri kana vakagumisa. Dimensions haapfuuri 2-4 microns. A maitiro chinoratidza fomu iri kwayo intracellular nzvimbo - yemanyorero notumwe pinda mukati macrophages, chirwatata masero, chiropa, node nodes, etc. Histoplasmosis - .. Ko chirwere kunonyanya kunokanganisa zvirwere ndiye chivako.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti zvigare izvi hadzisi kuramba chaizvo kwokunze kwezvakatipoteredza, asi kuvapo unyoro uye akakodzera tembiricha inogona kuramba kugona upenyu. Up kusvika 55-60 madhigirii kwemaminitsi 45, zvichiguma nokufa muchitokisi tsika. Asi kune migumisiro chloramine, phenol, formalin notumwe vari kugadzikana kupfuura - vanotanga kufa pashure maminitsi 15-30 kubvira pakutanga dzokuteerera.

Natural dura notumwe izvi ndiwo ivhu kuti kwakasvibiswa mutsvina yadzo uye mutsvina yadzo zvemhuka utachiona (izvo zvinogona yebhuruu, imbwa, katsi, huku). Somuenzaniso, akasiya dzimba, nemapako, matsime uye kunyange mhepo conditioners kusika zvanaka upenyu tusingaoneki. Kazhinji, utachiona kunoitika nendege, inhaled kwevanhu guruva notumwe. The mapoka pangozi vanosanganisira vavaki, miners, varimi, vashanyi, Vanodzidza, speleologists, uye zvichingodaro. D. Direct hutachiwana kuonana munhu ane HIV kana mhuka iri kuchengetwa.

Kamwe ari kufema turakiti, fungal tusingaoneki wana zvinyama siyana, zvichiita kukuvara yemapapu wakacherechedza, uyewo remunharaunda node nodes. Humwe Mashoko pathogenic yomuchipatara pamwechete neropa nokuyerera inosvitsa sensibilization ari muviri, pave dzakananga maantigen uye ipapo - kukunda dzimwe nhengo (kwete kuchengetwa Varwere zvose).

The chikuru chimiro chirwere

Pakarepo kuchitaura kuti pane dzakawanda zvinogona kuratidza histoplasmosis. Chii uye chii hunhu uye kusiyana pakati kwemarudzi izvi zvirwere?

Somuenzaniso, zvichienderana kuerera akapora chakasimba uye chisingaperi chimiro chirwere. In chenjera histoplasmosis zviratidzo kuonekwa pakarepo, chirwere hwapedyo nokukurumidza. Chirwere ndiko nekusiyana, stale, asi kazhinji kunotungamirira kusingarapiki kuchinja munyama.

Kakawanda, utachiona kunokanganisa kufema hurongwa, zvichikonzera histoplasmosis hwapedyo mumapapu. Kunyange zvakadaro, mukana uye extrapulmonary. Zvikurukuru, zviri zvikuru ngozi dessiminirovanny histoplasmosis - mufananidzo chirwere, iyo kunokanganisa mucous zvinyama, ganda, nhengo dzomukati uye kungaita kuti vamwe matambudziko kusanganisira arthritis, encephalitis, kusagadzikana kumwoyo, etc ...

Chenjera pulmonary histoplasmosis: Zviratidzo

Sezvambotaurwa kare, fungal utachiona kupinda munzvimbo munhu muviri, pamwechete respirable guruva. Ndokusaka chinonyanya wakajairika pulmonary histoplasmosis. Zviratidzo nayo zvikuru pakuti mamiriro dziviriro yezvirwere mumuviri murwere.

The incubation nguva neeSultan kubvira pamazuva 4 kusvika 30, kunyange zvazvo vakawanda activation chirwere kuitika mazuva 7-14 pashure inhalation pakati pathogenic notumwe. Nokuti vanhu vakawanda, chirwere chacho munyoro, zvichiita hapana zvakakomba kutyorwa. Kazhinji varwere havasi kutomboziva kurwara kwake. Histoplasmosis angaperekedzwa zvishoma chikosoro, munhu runny mhino uye kwenguva pfupi kuwedzera kupisa. Zviratidzo inonyangarika pashure pemazuva mashoma, saka vanowanzoororwa kuvhiringidzwa zvavo chando.

Zvisinei, vamwe varwere nechirwere chakakomba histoplasmosis. Chii? chimiro ichi chirwere achabatsirwa zvakawanda raidudzwa vanotaura. First pane fivha (tembiricha muviri kakawanda achisimuka 41 madhigirii), uye vamwe chepfu zviratidzo, kusanganisira kuda kurutsa, kurutsa, manyoka. Murwere anonyunyuta inorema vangadikitira kuti alternates ane simba nefivha. Pane simba, anotemwa nemusoro, chikosoro pamwe sputum kugadzirwa, izvo kurwisa kazhinji achiperekedzwa marwadzo pachipfuva. Zviratidzo zviri chirwere chinogona kunzi, uye arthralgia.

Pashure pemazuva mashoma (dzimwe nguva mavhiki) fivha rinopfuura, asi tembiricha subfertility muviri rwokuchengeta. Varwere iyi vachinyunyuta chakakomba simba uye kuneta, kurasikirwa kudya, kungoerekana uremu.

The chirwere chimiro chirwere

Untreated kana isina kukodzera kuitwa kurapa pavarwere dzimwe nguva kuva chirwere histoplasmosis. Zviratidzo zviri chirwere kazhinji avhiringidzwa. Nguva, varwere vane munyoro nefivha, zvisinei, izvo, nokukurumidza anoenda pamusoro wayo. Mukuwedzera, anoti uye zvingasanganisira kuramba chikosoro chirwere iyo kunowanzoguma sputum, uyewo kukonzera matambudziko kufema.

Pane zvimwe matambudziko dzakakomba zvikuru kuti kungakonzerwa nekuora histoplasmosis. X-ray photos yakapiwa pamusoro apa anoratidza kuti pamusoro nguva, zvemapapu tishu kuchinja. Kutanga nda anogumbura nzvimbo dziri kuumbwa kuti anogona kufamba kana kubviswa muna fibrosis. Uyewo, chimiro ichi chirwere hwakazara nokuumbwa calcifications vari zvemapapu tishu. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti chisingaperi histoplasmosis rinonyanya kubatanidzwa nemamwe, zvirwere kwete zvishoma ngozi, kusanganisira tibhii, neleukemia, sarcoidosis, reticulosis.

Zvinosuruvarisa chimiro ichi chirwere chinonetsa kurapa. Kazhinji, varwere vanoda kugara yamabwe yokurapa, izvo zvinotibatsira kudzivisa zvachinja zvemapapu rinenge nezvimwe matambudziko.

Desseminirovanny histoplasmosis

chimiro ichi chirwere achabatsirwa yechipiri maronda-siyana nenhengo dzawo. desseminirovanny histoplasmosis sei? Zviratidzo mukutanga mumatanho akafanana nevakawanda kuchitonhora. Chokutanga, tembiricha muviri rinobuda. Ipapo murwere ane zviratidzo kudhaka vomureza. Varwere chokunyunyuta pamusoro pari uye kushaya simba mumuviri, yakanyanya nomusoro, kuda kurutsa, kurutsa, manyoka, kurukutika, chills. Uyewo, pane ichiwedzerwa vangadikitira.

It vanowanzochema ganda histoplasmosis. In mamiriro ichi kunokanganisa cutaneous rinenge riri pamwe nevamwe zviratidzo. Sei sokunge histoplasmosis? Photo kunoratidza kuti varwere vane mapundu kunosiyana zvikuru. Izvi zvingava erythema, Hemorrhagic kana maculopapular mapundu, uye dzimwe nguva abrasions.

Kune dzimwe dzakasiyana pamusoro chirwere. Kazhinji, chinokosha basa pathogenic tusingaoneki kunoguma kukura subcutaneous zvinyama pute, maronda stomatitis, pharyngitis, panowanikwa nemaronda pamusoro vulva. Histoplasmosis Meso kubatana lesion pamusoro conjunctiva uye kazhinji kunotungamirira yematambudziko ngozi kusvikira kurasikirwa zvaakaratidzwa.

Kune zvakawanda zvimwe yematambudziko, unosanganisira chimiro ichi chirwere. Izvi zvingasanganisira zvawanyora peritonitis, horioidity, pericarditis, lymphadenopathy, kutapuriranwa endocarditis, maronda colitis, yomumuzongoza, encephalitis zvakadai. D.

Chirwere histoplasmosis dessiminirovanny anobuda zvakawanda sluggishly - kudhaka zviratidzo dzinenge vasipo uye varwere kuenda chiremba kunyange pamberi maronda imwe nhengo hurongwa. Zvisinei, kunenge kwose kana chirwere chakadai kunotungamirira kwazvo matambudziko.

Zvinoitwa chirwere muvana uye vanhu vane simba zvirwere

Kunyange varwere duku vanosanganawo kubva chirwere rinonzi histoplasmosis. Zviratidzo muvana rakanyatsojeka noruzhinji. Chokutanga pane kupisa - tembiricha muviri inokwira kusvika 38-39 inegumi. Uyezve, unogona kuonekwa pallor, jaundice uye dzimwe nguva kunyange ganda, iyo chokuita nedzimwe nepfungwa iri chiropa. Vamwe vabereki yakataurawo nechitarisiko mwana vavo manyoka nani hachifadzi kwakanaka. Kuongorora zvinogona kucherechedzwa kuwedzera kukura chirwatata uye chiropa.

Kazhinji, chirwere iri vana dessiminirovannomu mhando. Izvi zvinoshandawo varwere vane simba rokuzvidzivirira: vane chirwere kunoitika muna kwazvo, saka zvinodhaka marapirwo kunokosha.

Tinofanirawo kutaura nezvevanhu vane HIV, nokuti zvirwere pavarwere idzi chaizvo simba. Pasina yokurapa, zvose rinopera rufu kusvika 80% nyaya. Asi kana zvakanaka kuitwa kurapwa, mufananidzo uyu anosiya kusvika 15%. Zvinosuruvarisa varwere neAIDS, haugoni kuponesa - kufa muboka iri varwere ndiko 100%, sezvo kunyange mishonga guru zvinodhaka varege kudzivirira pamusoro yemberi dzokororo. Ndokusaka tiri kufunga pavarwere vane zvirwere fungal vari Dzakamukurudzirawo kuti HIV.

Modern nzira nechirwere

Pakarepo zvinofanira kutaurwa kuti chete chiremba pashure kwazvo kuongororwa anogona kuona murwere histoplasmosis. Chirwere ichi - yakareba kwacho. Research inoendeswa kwete chete kuziva nayo utachiona asiwo kuongorora zvakakanganiswa kuti muviri pazvirwere.

The chirwere inoonekwa mushure voga kubva kugozha ivhu Histoplasma capsulatum. Nokuti kuongorora sputum zvakakodzera kufema, uye Árbol Kusuka. Kana desseminirovannoy ndinoumba causative mumiririri anogona kuonekwa muropa, mutsvina yadzo, weti, cerebrospinal mvura mukati abscesses. bacteriological inoculation of tsika svikiro rinoitwa murabhoritari.

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, rimwe biopsy pamusoro node nodes kana principales, uyewo zvinyama zvakabudiswa kubva ganda nemaronda micheto - wacho ivhu vari ipapo amenable kune histological kuongorora.

Izvi handizvo zvose nzira paunogona kuwana histoplasmosis. Chirwere kunosanganisira kuita serotologicheskih siyana, pamwe intradermal bvunzo pamwe histoplasmin.

Mukuwedzera, waya nezvimwe kutsvakurudza kubatsira kuwana mamiriro ezvinhu muviri. Somuenzaniso, bhokisi X-ray kunokupa mukana kuona makuru uye sredneochagovye infiltrates, izvo chakanangana rikwanise pavaipfuura chirwere.

pakurapa chirwere

Zvakadini kana iwe wawanikwa histoplasmosis? Treatment iyi nyaya iri kugadziridzwa nomumwe. Kunokosha! Hapana nyaya usaregeredza mazano chiremba kana kuramba kurapwa, sezvo kungaguma nemigumisiro ngozi chaizvo.

Pakusarudza marapirwo anoenderana zvinhu zvakawanda. Kufungawo kudiwa kutora kwokuomerwa chirwere, ayo chimiro, ukuru kuzotadzira siyana nadzo, murwere zera, mamiriro ake rokuzvidzivirira, uye zvichingodaro. D.

Histoplasmosis nyoro kune mwero nekuomarara hakurevi kushandisa antifungal nevasori, izvo pachavo chaizvo muchetura. Kazhinji, muna Pakadaro, varwere vanokurudzira mubhedha zororo, kudya kwakakodzera, kunwa zvinwiwa zvakawanda. Waya uye symptomatic kurapa, izvo zvingasanganisira kugamuchira antipyretic vamiririri, vhitamini zvivako, antihistamines.

Muzviitiko zvakaipisisa, antifungal kurapa kunokosha. Nokuti chinangwa ichi, mishonga yakasiyana-siyana dzinoshandiswa. . The Kushandisa vanoonekwa zvinodhaka "Ketoconazole", "Itraconazole" Amphoglucaminum "" Amphotericin B " Symptomatic kurapwa achavawo Anti-anogumbura mishonga inoshandiswa kuvapo maronda ganda kana maziso, kazhinji - .. Corticosteroids sezvo chiedza wekutanga kutambudzika kubva chirwere, murwere ushandiswe chaiyo inhalation mushonga kuti inobatsira kudzivirira zvinyama kuchinja uye kuti aivabatsira murwere kufema.

In kwazvo yematambudziko dzimwe nguva kunodiwa kuvhiya kupindira, kubviswa node chaiyo pamakona vane simba pute, pericardial ponji, prosthetic mwoyo mavharuvhu (kana utachiona kunokanganisa mwoyo rinenge), pulmonary resection mu kwazvo matambudziko uye t. D.

Zvinonzi zvakakomba yematambudziko vane nguva chokugutsikana uye zvakarurama kuitwa kurapwa hadziwanzowaniki chaizvo, uye kakawanda zvikuru varwere zvikuru nokutya zvirwere. Nokuti vanhu vakawanda, zviri wakakodzera Zvaifungidzirwa - histoplasmosis nyore zvokurapa, uye zviratidzo anowa zvakanaka nokukurumidza.

Pane inoshanda matanho?

Nhasi, vakawanda vanofarira nyaya iri histoplasmosis. Zviratidzo uye kurapwa, zvinogona yematambudziko - ndiwo mashoko zvikuru. Ukuwo, varwere kazhinji mibvunzo pamusoro kana tinogona zvimwe kutadzisa kutanga chirwere.

Zvinosuruvarisa chaizvo kudzivirira chirwere ichi hachisi - zvevakomana, hapana yokudzivirira uye zvimwe zvinodhaka. Histoplasmosis chepasi chemapapu, uyewo mimwe chimiro chirwere, kune ngozi chaizvo. Naizvozvo, zvakakosha kuti kutora matanho okudzivirira uye mitemo ine utsanana.

Somuenzaniso, paivakwa uye pasi kufunganya kufunga pamusoro kudzivirirwa kufema turakiti nokubatsirwa zvifukidziro, haende, uye zvichingodaro. D. Izvi zvinoshandawo vashandi yehuku uye dzimwe zvokurima masangano. Hatifaniri kukanganwa kuti kugeza muchero, kunyanya panyaya zvigadzirwa yabva kunyika uko chirwere ichi inopararira.

Mitemo yakafanana anoshandawo vashanyi. In pamberi zvimwe impairments vanoda nekukurumidza kuona chiremba, nekuti nokukurumidza kurapwa iri atanga, rezasi mukana wokuti zvisingafadzi yematambudziko.

Histoplasmosis kwemhuka uye mamiriro ayo

Kwete munhu sei chirwere ichi. Kubva zvirwere zvakadai vanowanzotambura mhuka, uye zvakafanana munguva dzomusango uye dzaichengetwa dzinovaraidza. Pakarepo zvinofanira kutaurwa kuti kwemashoko causative mumiririri zvakananga nevanhu nemhuka hazvibviri, sezvo notumwe vari dzinounzwa kuna kwokunze kwezvakatipoteredza pamwe faeces. Zvisinei, panguva vabatwe inovaraidza unofanira kunyatsofunga kutevera mitemo utsanana (kunyanya vana).

Kudzokorora kunotoda mufananidzo chirwere chinogona kunzi vamiririri katsi mhuri. Saka sokunge histoplasmosis mu katsi? Zviratidzo hakusi nguva zvichiita kuti vazive kubva pazuva rokutanga.

Kazhinji, fivha anooneka kutanga. Pet anova simba, kazhinji akarara, kunoita zvishoma. Sezvo chirwere chinogona achengeta Kuipa kudya, kurutsa, kumbonyanya nokukurumidza uremu. Kazhinji, mhuka yakatanga neanorexia, izvo mberi kunoda okuwedzera kurapa.

Pane zvimwe zviratidzo. Zvikurukuru, zvinogona kucherechedzwa lymphadenopathy, pallor pamusoro mucous membranes, kufema matambudziko uye panowanikwa kanganisika machemero kubva mumapapu. Dzimwe nguva, mhuka vanorwara kutambura kupera mvura mumuviri. Kana akaona murapi wemhuka anogona kuona nokuwedzera chiropa. Zvisinei, zvachose chirwere unogona chete kuitwa pashure miedzo murabhoritari apo vanodyara mune tsika vakaona chakuvhe ichi.

Mhuka Angatanga desseminirovannaya chimiro, uko kazhinji kunoratidzwa ganda, maziso, ulceration pamusoro mucous membranes, nokuvhiringidzirwa zvomukati.

Histoplasmosis mu katsi kubatwa antifungal zvinodhaka. Zvikurukuru, riri kuonekwa kuti kunobatsira chaizvo, "Ketoconazole" uye "Itraconazole". Mune zvimwe zviitiko, unofanira mimwe rokuzvivandudza rakaita kuti irambe kurapa, kunyanya tikafunga zvirwere vakanga matambudziko akakomba nezvokudya. The fungidziro nokuti vakawanda dzinovaraidza-ushamwari, kunyanya kana mhuka rakapiwa nguva kubatsira. Asi zvinosuwisa, mu akazotevera nzendo histoplasmosis zvakaoma kurapa - zvazvo uye chitarisiko yematambudziko ari muchimiro pathologies ari zvomudumbu ezvinhu, mwoyo, uropi.