Kukwirira "Motherland" (chivezwa). History of shongwe

The Great Patriotic War, sokuti, hakuzokanganwiki. Zvakaoma yakapiwa kwatiri kukunda. Muguta rimwe nerimwe ikoko, kana square, kana nemapaki apo magamba ayo yakaiswa sezvivako.

Mukadzi ane munondo

On yakakurumbira Mamayev Hill (Volgograd), munhu wose Ensemble. Zvinonzi vakazvitsaurira kuna avo vakakunda hondo Stalingrad. Pfungwa uye compositional muzinda kwezvivako izvi guru - chivezwa, iyo inozivikanwa pasi rose. rinonzi "The Motherland Kudanwa!" Zvisinei, haasi munhu wose anoziva kuti haisi pacharo yakazvimirira uye chikamu triptych, asi nechepakati.

Chikamu chechipiri zvakaoma - murwiyo "The rwemberi - mucheto". Wakaitwa uye anomira Magnitogorsk. Unoratidzwa sezvo kushanda nemaoko murwi munondo. A ndokugadzira izvozvo chete Urals. Zvino rinopedzisa yose Ensemble inewo rinozivikanwa Monument - ". Warrior-akasunungura" Location - Berlin.

soro

Vakawanda vanofarira kukwirira chifananidzo "The Motherland" iri Volgograd. Pindura: 85 metres, uye kukura vanhukadzi - 52 M Weight zvivako - 8000 matani .. munondo kureba - 3300 masendimita uye hunorema hapana asingasviki 14 000 makirogiramu.! Ndivo "pasipoti" parameters iyi nemamwe chigadzirwa.

Negore pakupera chivezwa yaiva nyika guru. Iye kunyange akaunza Guinness Book of Records. Enzanisa: asi Statue of Liberty ndiyo 46 metres anomira panzvimbo yakatanhamara, uye kukura kwaKristu (Mununuri) - 38. chete Nhasi, tichifunga kuti varefu ari "Motherland", penyanzvi vakatora nzvimbo yake 11 ndipo ari mazita soro Zvivako munyika.

Yaiva kare

Kuvakwa chokurangaridza vakapa chaizvo. Tinofunga zvose. Uye zvakare kuti chii chinonzi "Motherland," kukwirira pechifananidzo. Hakungoitwi chero mari, kana iri kupfuura ano zvokuvakisa. Taikoka yakanakisisa vemifananidzo. Chikuru chinhu pano aiva Evgeniy Vuchetich - People kuti Artist of USSR, musoja Hondo Yenyika II. Akatoita akaita shongwe chinoshamisa kuti varwi Soviet Army (Makore gumi adarika), iyo yakashongedzwa Berlin kwakaita Treptow Park. Uyewo, basa rake - "Minondo mu Plowshares". Sculpture hunofanira pamberi UN chivako New York.

Chief ouinjiniya chikwata akataura Nikolai Nikitin - Purofesa mapurani uye chiremba sciences michina. Munguva 50s iye akasika pakuvaka Moscow State University. Mune ramangwana, zvichaita akamurairawo kushanda pamusoro Ostankino paterevhizheni shongwe. Zvino inodiwa Masvomhu aikosha kunzwisisa. Nekuti ichi chirangaridzo superlarge yakakwirira. "Motherland" Volgograd anofanira kuva akakwana.

Mazano kubva uto nemaonero akatora Vasily Chuikov - Marshal. On mberi kwayo, zita remadunhurirwa rokuti "Mutungamiriri-dutu". Ndiye akarayira 62 fung Army, iyo havana wobva muvengi Mamaev Kazan. Panguva kudzivirira Stalingrad, Chuikov akasvika rinokosha nemapoka kurwisa. Ivo pakarepo akaputsa mumba, vachipfuura kwavari kuburikidza pachivande utilities. VokuGermany vaisagona kunyange kuudza kupi nokurova akawa.

Pashure pehondo, Marshal paakavapa basa rake pamusoro shongwe yepakutanga: akabvumira (akumbira) kuvigwa pa Mamayev Hill, akatevera varwi 34505 akafa kudzivirira Stalingrad. Muna 1982, uye vakawanda mutungamiriri wavo akavigwa pedyo "Motherland".

Architectural uye ouinjiniya chikwata akasika mufananidzo womukadzi (Kukwirira chifananidzo "The Motherland", sezvatakagamuchira akati, - 85 metres), izvo zvinoita runopenga, aive nesimba danho. In rwake - bakatwa akamutsa kurwisa nechisimba. Zviri zvinofananidzira; nyika vachishevedza vanhu kuti varwe muvengi.

kumumvuri kuti zvivezwa

Uye ani, Handizivi, akabva akanda kuti muvezi? Candidature - Valentin Izotov - kuwanikwa netsaona. Zvino iye pamudyandigere, aigara Volgograd. Zvino wakati ava namakore 26 okuberekwa. Aishanda sahweta muresitorendi. Ikoko akaona mutevedzeri Vucetic uyewo muvezi L. Maystrenko. Akafarira kuzviomesera zvakakomba chiso, yemitambo nhamba Izotova, chinangwa Kutarira kwayo. Candidacy akatendera.

On basa pana Valentina zvakatora makore maviri. Ivai kuti hazvo, okusika muitiro - a yakaoma nyaya. Kunyanya kufunga chii Zvaifadza pakakwirira chivezwa. "Motherland" muna Volgograd uye chaizvoizvo vakawana mukurumbira. Kubva kwose kwose kuzoona naye, kubhadhara mutero kuna kutsigira nyika. Panguva usiku shongwe (nekukwirira "Motherland" chaizvoizvo zvinoshamisa) inowira chiedza searchlights simba, uye pfungwa iri kuchisimba.

Interesting chokwadi. Kana pamuviri kugadzira mureza uye maoko maoko (Volgograd Region), takasarudza kuisa siluetti. Mamwe nepfungwa uye handina. Pazuva German Democratic Republic chitambi chetsamba wakabudiswa muna 1983, ndiye mufananidzo chete.

basa rakaoma

Kana tichienda kunzvimbo ino, unonzwisisa zvainyatsoreva hondo. mwedzi anopfuura mana (kana kupfuura zvazviri, 140 mazuva) aiva ropa, zvikuru kwazvo hondo mumwe chete pfungwa - kukwirira nhamba 102. mumwe munda uyu achiri ngozi. Kunyange kwapfuura makore anopfuura 70 kubva pane zvakawanda kurira kwepfuti uye volleys, uye vanhu pachikomo nhasi uye kuwana anoshongwa dzisina putika. Ndokusaka nharaunda vakasarudza kuchengeta mashoko heroism vanhu.

Kuvaka chechienzi Monument (kukwirira "Motherland" riri guru kwazvo) akatanga muna 1959, muchirimo. Kuvakwa mumatsutso 1967. Ndizvo makore anopfuura masere basa raienderera mberi. First - the kwenheyo nekongiri. Ronga pamusoro-bhokisi chawo. Vavaki vanotarisirwa kumanikidza dombo nechigadziko. Asi kunoratidza mukuru munyori Khrushchev, uye akadurura pamusoro 150 zviuru matani pasi nechinangwa kunyange mberi kusimbisa nheyo. Saka, pamusoro murwi kutorwa nhasi.

Pasi chivezwa (nekukwirira "Motherland" rinoshamisa) riri gobvu (hafu mita) ndiro uye ane nehwaro 16 mamita.

neb marongerwo

Kwakati dzoro mufananidzo mukadzi, iwe akarikanda pamusoro pechikomo pano chaipo. Asi zvimwe, kana kureba chifananidzo "The Motherland" iri Volgograd riri guru kwazvo! Asi zvidiki (chaizvoizvo kagumi) kuti marongerwo akanga amire pedyo. Uye zvishoma nezvishoma, achitarira rakanyorwa mabhii rinowanzodhinda mapepa, akadurura weDanho nokuda weDanho. Uye akaunganidza "mukadzi." Michina vane mutoro yakasvika pano siku nesikati. Zvose zvakaitwa chaizvo zvakanaka. Concrete Somuenzaniso, akatora zvakangofanana sezvazvakatemwa dzinounzwa nokuda Volga Hydroelectric. Uye fillers kwairi, zvakare, akasarudzwa nokungwarira zvikuru.

Asi pano yose nhamba zvagadzirirwa. Ipapo vakatora musoro wake. Zvisinei, ukakandirwa yoga. Ndikasimudzira neherikoputa. Zvikasadaro, zvakanga zvisingaiti kuita. Kukwirira "Motherland" haabvumirwi.

Vakawanda vaifanira kushanda nomunondo. Kutanga Akaita Stainless simbi, sheathed simba zvidimbu (yakagadzirwa titanium). Zvisinei, kubva mhepo nayo yakazununguka zvikuru rattled. Ndokusaka muna 1972 nayo akabvisa chombo uye akaisa rimwe simbi mamiriro.

mutsidziro

Remediation mabasa kuitwa 1972 uye muna 1986. Makore mashanu apfuura, isu kuita kuunza kuchengeteka kwayo. Pashure pezvose, kureba shongwe "The Motherland" Volgograd shoma kutaura vakadzikama. Hazvina hombe! Asi nguva zvose kuchinja, kukwegura simba. Uye ichi pasinei nokuti pakukora chesamende madziro shongwe -. 25-30 masendimita Inside, izvozvo inoumbwa nomumwe masero makuru. The furemu pachako rakaoma, asi kuramba 119 netambo kubva vafuke simbi. Uye vari kuramba kusangana makakatanwa simba.

munondo Heavy naye chete chinopa yakakura kukura mhepo kuzunguza. Uye ipapo, apo akanga dzakabatanidzwa mukadzi ruoko, akasimuka pereizbytochnoe voltage. Pamasikiro munondo akaremara pamwe nguva. Saka chii aishanda uye dambudziko.

Vaiisa pasi

Sezvo kukwirira "Motherland" kukuru, uye vanofanira kunzwisisa nevhu ivhu, izvo zvishoma nezvishoma asi zvishoma nezvishoma zvishoma nezvishoma mumatope pasi Volga, penyanzvi kunge akaridza aramu. Pashure pezvose, chifananidzo aigona richaparara. Iye kare mberi 214 mm. Uye anenge 80 muzana ari zvinobvumidzwa kutanga Masvomhu. Asi nyanzvi vanoti vakaronga simba haina aneta.

Mimba chirongwa ichi chaiva kuramba 272 mm. Nechigadziko chawo ari akaremara zvishoma. Just chinhu dzemunharaunda vakatora mm 90 chete. Pashure imwe kudzorerwa shongwe kwenguva yakareba.