Kururamiswa mukurumbira, neutralization akaipa wongororo

Vakabuditsa mukurumbira repamutemo - a uchapupu nezvaidzivirira kukwezva zvokutengeserana nevadiwa itsva, kusimudzira yayo muchiso, vawedzere misika. Chero inokanganisa mukurumbira anotakura njodzi kuna zvebhizimisi kukura uye kuderedza mari yekudyidzana.

Kodzero yokudzivirirwa bhizimisi mukurumbira

mabhizimisi uye masangano mukurumbira runochengetedzwa mitemo siyana. Pakati pavo:

• Civil Code of Russian Federation ari chikamu mutemo wokutanga kudzivirira mukurumbira wekambani uye kunoita kuti vadzivirire pamutemo nzira dzose.
• Resolution Supreme Court pakati 23.05.2006 anosimbisa kukosha nezvakatongwa mu kudzorerwa rukudzo ane repamutemo uye zvinhu muripo nokuda kurasikirwa mukurumbira.

Kururamiswa mukurumbira pamutemo masangano kwose muridzi nhema mukati yezvinoreva Civil Code. Zvino mubvunzo muripo zvayakaipira kana kudzorera zita kambani rinobatanidzwa vehurumende matare zvakanaka. dudziro "rengoni" mutsara usatsungirira panguva zvemitemo chechetere. Asi anoita magweta uye bhizimisi vanhu zvaireva pfungwa iyi kuva akavimbika Data enyaya zvoupfumi zvebhizimisi kana kutengeswa sangano. Data izvi kuti tikwanise iumbe pfungwa bhizimisi uye nounyanzvi unhu vashandi chekambani, undere, kuremekedza contractual noukama uye dzimwe nyaya.

Legal ukoshi yokufarirwa

The Civil Code of Russian Federation, mashoko okuti "basa mukurumbira repamutemo" rinowanika katatu chete. Based Articles 152, 1027 uye 1042, zvinotevera mhedziso:

• Yokufarirwa ndeuya sangano iri asiri zvinhu tsika.
• Mukurumbira chekambani, yemakambani, masangano hunogona kutapukira iyi zvakasiyana mukurumbira munhu.
• Kururamiswa mukurumbira pamutemo masangano uye vanhu kuva fanana nzira.

Kuchinjwa mukurumbira pamutemo wacho

Kana wokutanga uye wechitatu pfungwa dzataurwa pamusoro apa, zviri hazvidi tsananguro, wechipiri unogona kukurukurwa zvakadzama. Mukurumbira kambani inogona makaparadzaniswa pamwe zvaioneka uye chisingaoneki zvinhu. Aimbova zvinosanganisira mumatanda nhumbi, zvenguva zvinhu, zvivako, zvitoro, etc. Chisingaoneki zvinhu zvinosanganisira trademarks, pave siyana zvirongwa, tsvakurudzo zvabuda, patents kuti zvigadzirwa. Kana kuchinjwa varidzi kuti muridzi itsva rwoga inova yakasimba uye zvakakodzera mukurumbira. Sezvo kuchinjwa varidzi zvose zvinokunetsa chokuita ndichengetedze mukurumbira, akatakurwa pamapfudzi varidzi itsva.

Sezvinogona kuoneka, mukurumbira vesangano - chinhu mwero twa kuti ine yakananga kukanganisa upfumi basa repamutemo. Vakabuditsa mukurumbira yekudyidzana zvinowedzera mubereko kambani chinokwezva nevadiwa itsva uye makambani. Mashoko akaipa inova chipingamupinyi pakati vamiririri kambani yayo zvinogona vatengi.

Ndiani rinobatanidzwa kuongorora nyaya iri kudzorerwa mufananidzo?

Maererano nyaya 33 APC RF, zviitiko defamation iri nzvimbo zvoupfumi basa pasi wenharaunda yaitongwa kuyananisa matare. Kuenda kudare ndiyo nzvimbo kana uchida kugadzirisa mukurumbira somugumisiro kukuvadza. ezvinhu akadaro kunogona kuitika munyaya matatu:

• The akasiyana kufambiswa kwemashoko repamutemo ruzivo.
• Zvakajeka kwokuchera hunhu mashoko.
• Kusawirirana Kuziviswa mashoko kunyatsonzwisisa chokwadi.

Resolution of Plenum of RF Armed Forces haareururi zvinhu izvi zvizere. Saka, kugovera mashoko zvingasanganisira placement munhau, pomumbure, paruzhinji kutaura, mune nokubvunzurudzwa siyana mhosva pamusoro vachida. Kwokuchera mashoko - chokwadi nhema Zvinhu mucheri. Nhema mashoko anogona chokuita zvakasiyana sectors yebasa - kusabhadhara mitero, chenhando zvigadzirwa, kutyorwa ndima ebhizimisi zvibvumirano, asiri kubhadhara mabhiri nezvimwe mitoro. Zviito zvakadaro kukonzera kurasikirwa mukurumbira repamutemo, uye vamiririri bhizimisi kana sangano ane kodzero kuti anopomera kukuvadza.

Facts uye mafungiro

Sezvakataurwa nenzira Gwaro ichi, unofanira kuisa mutsauko pakati ukoshi kutonga uye kuzviitira nepfungwa uye mutsara wenhema chokwadi, kururama kwemashoko izvo zvinogona kuongororwa zvakananga. Kutongwa uye kufungidzira haagoni riitike, zvinoreva kuti kutongwa hahuzovi yacho.

Kana nyaya chokururamisa mukurumbira kudare, kuti mukwiriri kodzero kunomhangara kubva mukwirirwi wacho zvakananga chiito kuramba mashoko enhema. Somuenzaniso, kuti vanobvuma pachena zvikanganiso zvavo, kwakarurama kana kubvisa bhuku chakaparira kutongwa.

kudzoreredza mufananidzo

Kana sangano somugumisiro defamation vakatambura nezvinhu, mukurumbira kururamiswa nemijenya dare rinogona kuitwa ngakusava pecuniary kukuvara. Panyaya iyi, iyo mukwiriri magweta ungasangana nemamwe matambudziko. Chokwadi chokuti dare ichanyanya pamusoro kurasikirwa purofiti. Uye kunyange kana iwe kuunza zvapupu zvose uye murwi unsigned zvibvumirano, chaiko kukuvadzwa achiri zvisingaiti kufungidzira.

Chokurarama mukurumbira somunhu anonyengera nemumwe nyore uye kudzorera spravdlivost rakaoma zvikuru. Kunyange kwakanaka mutongo uye muripo chero yakawanda pamusoro pecuniary kukuvadzwa nhau kusatendeseka pakati vamiririri ichi kambani vachaparadzirwa kwose kure uye refu, uye hapana respondent havazokwanisi kudzikamisa kukuvadza zvose.

tsotsi basa

Dzinopesana Russian rokutonga tsika anobvumira kudzivirirwa mukurumbira boka uye tichibatsirwa vamwe zvokudya weCriminal Code. Akanyanya tiri kutaura pamusoro art. 42 Code pamusoro Criminal Procedure, iyo inorondedzera nyaya umo nomutemo munhu anogona kuonekwa semunhu aitambura. Somuenzaniso, nyaya ino paine mhosva dzakadaro:

• kushandiswa zvisiri pamutemo pakati zvizivikanwe kana vanozivikanwa;
• zvisiri pamutemo pakuwana kana Kuziviswa mashoko, rinomiririra vezvokutengeserana, rwezvemabhengi kana mutero vanzurudzo.

Kudzivirira bhizimisi mukurumbira, kwemitemo mapurisa anogona kutanga tsotsi nyaya wayo unozotevera kuchinjirwa kudare. A repamutemo pamwe divi rayo rinofanira kodzero kuti kutaura kuti muripo hwokukuvara. In vehurumende zvekufamba, muripo kwakadaro kunogona zvinhu uye chisingaoneki. Pakati yokupedzisira - yebasa zvinonzwisisika achinyatsoramba mashoko enhema, pachena ruregerero, uye zvichingodaro. Asi gadziriro vasaenderera mberi haripinduri nyaya mubhadharo.

pamutemo chengetedzo

Zvinofanira kubvumwa kuti panguva iyoyo vakawanda pamutemo zviridzwa, basa kururamiswa rengoni, usingachashandi. Mibvunzo pecuniary kukuvadzwa zvinoda chinokosha kudzidza uye kugadzira ari oga nyaya yacho Civil Code munyika. In yechinangwa zvichibvira kuchinja haisi okushamisira kutsanangura uye mazwi, izvo zvinofanira kusangana ano kudzivirira zvinodiwa. Somuenzaniso, pachine hapana zvachose tsananguro rokuti "tsika kukuvadza" uye runoenzanirana pamutemo tinyatsonzwisisa pfungwa iyi.

Pari, magweta anoshanda ane ruzivo tsamba Presidium of Russian Federation kubva 1999. Sezvo ayo bhuku rave nemakore anopfuura 15. Vakawanda zvokudya havachakwanisi kuhupenyu zviri vanhasi zvoupfumi ezvinhu. Yakabvumira kugadziriswa kwemutemo wekuita kuti murau kana kuitwa imwe chiridzwa pamutemo mutsva kwaizobatsira kuti mitemo wenyika yedu, uye achabvisa makakatanwa panyaya muripo tsika kukuvara.