Mhando Trademarks: classifications zvose

Vanozivikanwa - imwe pfungwa inokosha iri yokutengesa, ine zvakawanda zvinhu. Classifications pamusoro trademarks vashoma; chimiro rwekutaura, kodzero uridzi fomu. Hatifaniri kukanganwa kuti vanozivikanwa - chikamu hombe imwe pfungwa - chepamusoro ani.

Concept uye mhando trademarks

Vanozivikanwa, kutengeserana mucherechedzo (mamwe zita - wezvokutengeserana mark) - munhu vakanyorwa zita hunhu mubatanidzwa tsamba kana nhamba, chigadzirwa mufananidzo, zvakagadzirirwa kusiyanisa nayo, kuunza mashoko pamusoro mugadziri.

nzira iyi individualization mugadziri vakanyorwa maererano akakodzera mamiriro masangano ari Russian Federation uye dzimwe nyika. Kunosanganisira oga kodzero yokushandisa akasarudza unhu hwavo mutemo unodzivirira. Ekupedzisira anowanikwa munyika dzinopfuura 160, iyo 90 - pachiyero mutemo.

In nyika yedu, pevara vose vanozivikanwa vanodzivirirwa usingaperi "On Trademarks, Service Marks uye Appellations pakati Origin" (1992).

Uyezve, kutengeserana zviratidzo vanodzivirirwa anotevera mabasa:

• The Paris Convention pamusoro 1883
• Madrid Convention on International Registration pefiyumu zita (1981).
• nokuti kunyoresa basa chiratidzo chibvumirano (1973).

Vanozivikanwa - shanda

Mhando vanozivikanwa mashandiro zvinogona muchidimbu sezvinotevera:

1. Izvi zvinoratidza yakakwirira nenhanho chigadzirwa yepamusoro.
2. Kuvapo chiratidzo kwakadaro zvinowanisa mutengi chivimbo chigadzirwa nokuda zvakanaka mukurumbira mugadziri.
3. Ndicho hwaro pamusoro izvo kukwidziridzwa uye kushambadza (pamberi payo siyana trademarks Chokwadi, vanofanira pachavo zvakanaka propiarit).

Zvinofungidzirwa kuti nhumbi akatengesa pasi zita zvizivikanwe, akatenga pa 15-25% kazhinji pane White Label. Kunze, asi vanozivikanwa chiratidzo kazhinji chinokosha chinhu muridzi - Coca-cola chiratidzo mutengo kwazvo, ari kushanda nomuridzi dzesangano, $ 3 billion.

Types anoreva muchiso

Imwe pati kunozivisa kuti vanozivikanwa, ndiye mhando yayo izita. In zvachose pane zvina:

1. Vanozivikanwa. Rinosanganisira chiratidzo, mumwe rokuti nevamwe ruvara kana mubatanidzwa rayo, richiswedera.
2. Zita revagadziri. Inoitwa abbreviations, mashoko, mashoko, tsamba - zvose kuti unogona kutaura.
3. Shopping mufananidzo - munhu mumwechete muchiso dzesangano.
4. Vanozivikanwa - zvose zviri pamusoro apa, kudzivirira kodzero uye murayiro. The yokupedzisira runotaurwa netsamba R mudenderedzwa.

Kupatsanura ezvinhu vakapiswa vatambi

Ose trademarks uye basa mavanga anogona kugoverwa anotevera classifications:

1. Pamusoro competences tenzi: nomumwe vadyi.
2. Racho: chigadzirwa, chigadzirwa pemitsara.
3. In chimiro okuti: Bhuku, inzwi, zvabatanidzwa kutaura, kwakajeka.

The dzinonakidza kupfuura kufunga aizova wokupedzisira.

Kupatsanura ezvinhu okuti

Mhando trademarks muchimiro mashoko yakakamurwa muzvikamu akawanda:

1. Shoko - ataura mazita uye masirogani. Muchikwata Inonyanya, inosanganisira mashoko zvakafanana uye neologisms. Somuenzaniso, "VKontakte", "Everyday", "Twix", iPhone, Windows. Kana: ". Gillette yakanakisisa murume" "Pane imwe pfungwa - pane Ikea," nezvimwewo ...
2. Graphic - yakasiyana uye asingakanganwiki mifananidzo vanhu, mhuka, Abstract zviratidzo, mitsetse, zvitarisiko - zviratidzo uye Logos. Izvi zvinosanganisira mifananidzo "Adidas", "APL", "Lacoste", "Facebook", Railways, etc. D.
3. Bulk. Haiwanzowaniki rudzi. It anoratidzwa kana chigadzirwa pachahwo kana ayo kavha. mufanidzo kwakadaro kana pikicha hakufaniri schematic, kuisa pfungwa chinangwa chaicho nhumbi kana pfuma. .. Somuenzaniso, rimwe bhuku mufananidzo, serura, nezvirongo, vacuum, etc. The-dimensional matatu chiratidzo anofanira dzinounzwa chero kuri chete anomiririra chigadzirwa zvinhu: McDonald kuti chigure, mhuka Wimm-Bill-Dann Brends nezvimwewo ...
4. Sound. Ichi chikamu rwiyo kana ruzha kunozivisa ichi kambani. Zviri mukurumbira chaizvo zvose inzwi zvokushambadzira uye zvinobudisa nhau - ichi inonzi jingle rwiyo. Kazhinji rwakaimbwa muchiso zita kana sirogani wekambani, somuenzaniso: "Gallina Blanca, glug-glug, glug-glug" "MM-m, Danone". Izvi zvinosanganisira yemapurisa kuti kudanwa chiratidzo uye yakananga dzeredhiyo, vorega kugamuchira kana yokuoneka achitevedzera chinovhara TV.
5. Combined sangana mhando dzakawanda kupatsanura: a sirogani uye mufananidzo, Logo uye ruzha.
6. Olfactory. Ndiyo mhando dzakawanda isingawanzowanikwi uye zvisingatarisirwi trademarks. Vanomiririra munhuwi, kazhinji haana chokuita chigadzirwa. Register munhu yemakambani chiratidzo akaoma - unofanira rondedzero yakatodzama nokunhuhwira, kwayo makemikari payakavakirwa, kuchinjwa "bouquet" ayo constituent mumwe kunhuwirira. In nyika yedu, mavanga aya kuziva zviri asiri kumiririrwa.

Oga, pane mienzaniso munhuhwi mavanga nhumbi:

• Vanilla uye elavender - Stationery;
• munhuwi dzichangobva chekawo uswa - Tennis balls;
• Pink anonhuwira - Car matai;
• oneka nomunhuwi simba doro - miseve miseve;
• ndimu uswa - SPA-Salons, etc ...

Pfungwa manyorerwe akasimba

Mhando vanozivikanwa ndivo chinhu chinokosha yose pfungwa - wokugadzira kambani. Corporate Identity - kuva nzira dzakasiyana uye nzira kupa mishonga kuti kumiririra ichangoburwa mune yunifomu nenzira uye akapedza. Pfungwa iyi inobatanidza pasi:

• vanozivikanwa;
• proprietary typeface ;
• nomumwe mubatanidzwa mavara;
• logo;
• Corporate chikwata - ibatanidzo zita, Logo, sirogani, chero tsananguro acho;
• dzakafanana Kugara boka - marongerwo rugwaro uye zvifananidzo, format, nezvimwewo ...

Vanozivikanwa, chokwadi, ndiye "chiso" boka rakasiyana nemamwe, kuchengetedzwa kubva kungatonziwo uye plagiarism. Sarudzo yake - vakawanda kwazvo.