Mungarava ngarava muGungwa Black: kudzokorora nhoroondo uye dzinonakidza zvinhu

Nhoroondo mungarava zvikepe muGungwa Dema iguru kuti rondedzero rakwo uye yakarurama asi hapana akatora. Chikonzero ndechokuti kunyange kuziva nhamba midziyo inoramba ikafamba pamusoro pasi payo. Ndikazviidza hapana nzira. matambudziko Technical, kudzika uye kunzwisisa vamwe kusvikira kwemutemo nguva vari kugadziriswa, uye zvichakanganwika riri ramangwana. Asi nguva pachayo chipinganidzo chisingakundiki, kuvanza ngarava yakadzika mumatope kana zvachose kuvaparadza ane ngura uye kuora kwendangariro.

The zvinokonzera rufu chikepe

The kwoushamwari muGungwa Dema kare navigable. Musi wokutanga navigators, tinodzidza kubva ngano muGirisi yekare. Kuedza kuramba pedyo pamahombekombe, vakaputsa pamusoro pamatombo pamadutu uye mamiriro okunze akaipa. Vakasvika kuna Mahombekombe edu. amphorae Ancient ewaini, rusenzi uye mafuta, iyo vatsvakurudzi edu mugungwa, nezvazvo.

A-siyana ngarava vakafa panguva rutsigiro rwemauto, izvo vakaona mvura rakawandisa. Wooden sailboats uye ngarava ano, akanzwisisa buri, akaenda pasi mumvura. Kakawanda, pamwechete chikwata chake. Black pasi - chihombe vakawanda guva, izvo kuramba vachiwedzera munhoroondo yose nomugungwa.

Asi zvinozivikanwa, uye nezvimwe zvinokonzera rufu mungarava zvikepe muGungwa Dema. Hedzino zvishoma rakanyorwawo chokwadi.

Mafashamo zvikepe zviri apo panopinda Tsemess

Kwete kure pachiteshi Novorossiysk muna June 1918 kubudikidza zvarayirwa Vladimira Ilicha Lenina Soviet vafambisi vengarava scuttled ngarava. The Black Sea Fleet haana kutaurwa Brest-Litovsk chibvumirano, asi nekuda ezvinhu Aifanira ape kudivi reGermany iri Sevastopol. Utungamiriri Soviet, uye kumanikidzwa kubvuma ichi, pamwe chete nemamwe zvinodiwa, vakatumira Novorossiysk, apo zvikepe, zvirevo zviviri. Pamutemo kuti kudiwa Captain 1st Rank Tikhmenev tora ngarava Sevastopol, uye kushandisa navo vamiririri Germany, chakavanzika kurongeka - kukangaidza zvavo pedyo Novorossiysk.

Mutungamiri pashure refu uye zvakaoma kurukurirano ine, vaviri zvikepe zvarairwa matare vakasarudza kuita pamutemo Bhaibheri. Asi kwete vose vaiteerera mirairo yake, uye 16 warships, kusanganisira imwe yehondo "Free Russia", vakanga nemafashamo. With vanomutswa mureza mireza "Dying, asi regai kupa" zvikepe pasi mvura.

Zvaitika ngarava uye vanhu pashure mafashamo

Aenda Sevastopol ngarava akaramba basa Germany kusvikira ayo kukundwa, uye ipapo ndanogara Russian dzechikwata. Tikhmenev akarwa uri kurutivi nevachena, uye achitungamirira mafashamo of Bolshevik Raskolnikov Kukel uye Glebov-Avilov achiitei zvinzvimbo zvepamusoro mune ramangwana riri USSR, asi mukupera 30s vakanga vaidzvinyirirwa.

Njodzi mungarava zvikepe muGungwa Dema yaiva yakanaka. Makore maviri pashure nezvakaitika Bay Tsemess akatanga zvishoma nezvishoma kupora, vapore uye zvakare kushanda. Nechepasi paiva ngarava maviri chete: "Free Russia" uye "Ruzha".

Monument kuti vafambisi-magamba pamwe akanyorwa: "Dying, asi usakanda mapfumo pasi!" Ko wakaiswa kuti Sukhumi Highway. On chihombe girenayiti ibwe ine mazita ose mungarava zvikepe pamwe chaiyo Coordonatele venzvimbo yavo kwenguva pfupi (kana zvachose) dzokugara. Asi anenge zana, vanyori venhau dzakaitika uye vakwasvi kuramba gakava sei zvakanga zvakakodzera kuita mugore kure kurwira Black Sea Fleet.

Rufu "Admiral Nakhimov"

August 31, 1986 nyaya rufu hombe mutakurwi chikepe "Admiral Nakhimov" aita vakakatyamadzwa uye wakaora kusava pamberi mashoko zvikonzero tsaona, "vanhu factor". Enzanisa chiitiko ichi chete rufu muna 1912 kuti "Titanic" kubva kudhumhana pamwe iceberg aiva nekodzero kuvapo chete nokuti chikepe chedu vakaurayiwa zvakare, vazhinji: 423 kubva 1243 (kufananidzwa "Titanic" yakauraya vanhu 1496). Asi takava neushamwari gungwa, uye kwakanga kusina icebergs. Paiva vaviri chete mhinduro vehondo uye mubatsiri mumwe.

"Admiral Nakhimov" (rwendo chikepe) kusiya kubva Novorossiysk kuna Sochi mukupera manheru. Mamiriro ekunze akanaka, gungwa akadzikama, vatakurwi vakagamuchira uye akaronga kuti zororo. Captain Markov, mumwe murume ane ruzivo rukuru, chinyararire vakabuda chikepe chake kubva apo pakapinda nyika mugungwa. The chete chikepe kuti akauya chengarava panguva ino, aiva "Peter Vasev" nhumbi muchikepe pamwe Captain Tkachenko vakananga. Akati kuti skips "Admiral Nakhimov" pasuo apo panopinda wokutanga. Pana 23-00, panguva rinoshamisa ichi, Captain Markov wakati agura vakarinda kuti mutevedzeri wake Chudnovsky, kusiya kabhini.

Panguva kuferefeta, rakanga kuitwa basa nehurumende, uye zvakawanda inoramba kujeka kuti vanhuwo, uninitiated mune zvakavanzika vagari. Nei vaviri yakaputeni catastrophically kuuya musoro-ngarava, zvarakange riri radar uye pachedu, akaita chinhu kuponesa zvinhu. Varindi ngarava vose vataura navo kusvika yacho tsaona, isu kujekesa ndiani uyo kusuwa, asi chinhu chakaitika chii chakaitika.

Two huru colossus akatarisana, pasinei zvaari kushandura chinhu okupedzisira maminitsi. "Admiral Nakhimov" muna 8 maminitsi vakasiiwa pasi, pamwe chete vanhu avo, mumwe wevashumiri ngarava mungarava muGungwa Dema.

"Peter Vaseva" chikwata pamwe kuuya chengarava rubatsiro zvikepe akatungamirira kununura basa. Assistant Chudnovsky akaenda kabhini ake uye vakagara mungarava kufa. Vose vakuru vapenyu vakaedza, vakatongerwa makore 15.

Warship "rutendo"

Zvakaoma kutsanangura nhoroondo Ngwavaira hakuiti kugumira ipapo. Nguva pfupi yapfuura April 28, 2017, nyika raputika akawanda mishumo kuti akanyura Black Sea Russian warship yakabonderana ngarava-Livestock Yozasif-H, vachifora pasi flag Togo. Nhengo All vashandi vakanunurwa uye vakaendeswa kuRussia, uye ngarava "rutendo" nhema kubva Turkish pamhenderekedzo ari kudzika 80 mamita.

It yakavakwa 1970 muna Polish shipyards uye makore okutanga achishanda muGungwa reBaltic. Muna 1974 iye hwakatamisirwa Black Sea Navy, ari oga ushori rechiuto N519. Somunhu akachenjera mukuru akanga mukusora pamusoro zvichibvira zvikepe muvengi, anotaura, aigona kushandisa yepamusorosoro zvombo "Igla". Kuti azadzise basa rayo, rakachengetedzwa vakapakata kutaridza ushori michina chaiyo uye yepamusoro radar "Don" ezvinhu, Akash hurongwa "Bronze" uye kunyange vamwe zano muchivande.

Munoparadza "rutendo" muGungwa Dema, apo pabasa, payakarovera uye maawa mashomanana gare gare rikanyura.

Sabhoteji kana zvizere mhute?

Paunoverenga mashoko pamutemo vamiririri mauto ehondo chikonzero nei yakanyura Russian chikepe muGungwa Dema, unonzwa kushamisika, achitya uye kunyara. Kuti. Zvakaratidza, makazara muchivande yemagetsi michina zvinodhura warship Scout kuona ari bvungapfunga-chikepe mombe.

Pamwe ndosaka kwazvo kutenda Movement kutsigira zvikepe, izvo vakaparidza mukana sabhoteji. Mukuona kwavo, "rutendo", iro zvinobudirira aishandira nemhenderekedzo weSiria, akagarisa Kusagutsikana of US vemauto ehondo vaiva pano. Kuitira kudzivirira Scout kuoneka pane imwe nguva nenguva imwe awa chaiwo, iye tisingazvioni azviveza achirwiswa zvipfuwo. Admiral Kravchenko vati rufu "Lehman" chiitiko kubva zvavo.

Chokwadi chokuti Sea Black akanyura chikepe wokuRussia, pane chimwe chete husingarambiki chokwadi: chikwata mupenyu. Zvichida hatina uye haana kuita kunze mhute.