Soviet Trucks: womuenzaniso unhu. Colchis, Ural, žil

MuSoviet Union akasika vazhinji vose mitoro uye mutakurwi mota. Nyaya ino ichakurukura yakakurumbira mumarori USSR.

Truck KAZ-606 "Colchis"

Kare, nyika yedu iri kuda mumotokari inokwanisa mitoro makuru. Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, zviri marori. Soviet rori zvokushambadzira vane nhoroondo anonakidza. Ndokusaka Kutaisi chirimwa akatanga kugadzirwa mumotokari, izvo akazozivikanwa se "Colchis". History of USSR rinotumira kunotanga zvikabva chinoitirwa Ushumiri pakufamba, vakanga yakatanga muna 1958. Uye kare muna 1959 motokari Kutaisi Automobile Plant wawakaratidzwa panguva Exhibition zvoupfumi kubudirira.

Total chirimwa akapa mbiri motokari mifananidzo, mumwe waiva bead uye akanga chidimbu KAZ-605, uye mumwe chakaitwa maererano musimboti wenyika tarakita chikwata uye KAZ-dzinonzi 606. Pashure kunyatsoziva zvibereko vokuGeorgia kushumira motokari motokari indasitiri mvumo Serial kugadzirwa ndiyo chete muenzaniso mumwe. Pokutanga hwakapiwa chirongwa KAZ-606. nemarori Soviet, rori nematarakita anofamba kukasawedzerwa.

motokari chiremera

Car KAZ "Colchis" aiva kwazvo nzvimbo mutyairi wacho mberi PANE inoita Kugadzirisa uye kuuraya anofambisa zvakakunakira motokari. Kusiyana kare aigadzira motokari, iyo nzvimbo yemutekenyi kwakanga zvishomanana emapuranga, chivharo "Kolkhida" yakaitwa nesimbi kabhini. Mune nzvimbo yemutekenyi, kunze mutyairi, kwaiva chimwe chete mutakurwi chigaro, asi kuzadzisa nokuvapo diki chinzvimbo mubhedha. Kwakadaro chisarudzo panguva yakanga echimurenga mudzimai Automotive indasitiri.

Motokari vasina zvatinosiita Hood, iyo panguva iyoyo yaiva utsva. The simba chikwata rakanga pasi kugeza, uye zvinofadza kwazvo yechando uye chirimo kugumbuka. The pakuonekwa rori raiva ano uye dzemhando yepamusoro, nokuti vagadziri vakatama nzvimbo headlights kusvikira pasi mberi.

Payakaipira motokari KAZ-606

Chinonyanya kukosha drawback mumotokari "Colchis" dzakanga kakawanda breakdowns uye yakakwirira mafuta rinodyiwa. A makiromita zana motokari rekuwana 50 litres kuti peturu. Nokuda iri pasi mberi simba dzaishandiswa muzhizha kwenguva yakareba zvakanga zvakaoma kudzora rori. Kwete chete nokuda mukuru tembiricha mukati, asiwo nokuda kuunganidza chiutsi magasi.

mhedziso

Pasinei zvose zvakanakira rori "Colchis" haana kuva nevakawanda nevatyairi. Ivo vakafunga nezvenyu dzimwe yokutevedzera.

Truck "Ural"

Kuzvikudza wechipfuwo motokari indasitiri zvakasikwa kubvira paHondo Yenyika II. Basa murori - kubviswa matanda kubva kunharaunda kugadzirwa. Akapiwa remoteness Nzvimbo kuti motokari "Ural" (matanda) nominated inoomesera zvinodiwa kuti Nzvimbo uye kushanda mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma. Nemhaka yokushanda zvakaoma mainjiniya Soviet uye vagadziri makawana zvose zvakakumikidzwa inokosha kuti rori-Trailers mabasa.

Betsero matanda "Ural"

Timber vane tisaone mumhuri kugadzirwa throughput uye yepamusoro gadzira.

In michina yakadaro imwe nyika hwagara zvinodiwa kunyanya chakasimba, akapa vapfumi dondo mari. Trucks Soviet vagara vari kudiwa zvikuru zvose muno uye kunze.

Structural chinoratidza matanda "Ural" zvakasiyana vhiri inonyatsoita - kubva 4x4 kusvikira 8x8. Nokuda fomura ichi uye kunozivikanwa kubudirira patency. Kushanda tembiricha Range riri -40 ... + 40 ° ^C. kushanduka uku achibvumira michina iyi mhando mu okunze akasiyana.

Kunonyanyisa urefu zvinhu kwava 25 mamita. A turera attachable kuti matanda ane pivoting mashandiro, iyo inowedzera maneuverability panguva chokufambisa. "Ural" - matanda, iyo vakapakata simba powertrains pamusoro 200 horsepower.

Modern matanda marori "Ural" takashongedzerwa uchinyanya hydraulic loader-achifurira, izvo zvinoita kuti iwe anotakura matanda pasina yokuita kuti kondo. Pamasikiro kusimudzira nokudzora hurongwa - nyore uye hwakavimbika. Nzira Izvi zvinoita kuti kuderedza mari uye nguva kugadzirwa masango.

Injini zvinoenderana nemitemo European, izvo zvinoreva kuti motokari iri kunova kusvibisa zvakatipoteredza.

Payakaipira matanda "Ural"

Zvichida chete marapirwo kuti matanda "Ural" zvinosanganisira yakakwirira mafuta rinodyiwa. Kunyange zvazvo, akapa mamiriro ezvinhu anoita michina izvi, tinogona kutaura kuti chiitiko ichi rakanyatsojeka kwakarurama.

mhedziso

Kunotangwa pfungwa rori kuti kutakurwa dondo zvinhu, izvo zvaida makore okunyatsoshanda, achiri anomira mukushandira murume. Timber kuramba kuita basa rayo panyika yose Russia uye kunze. Hwokushandisa utsinye okunze, vanoramba hwakavimbika vabatsiri vanhu.

Omarara marara motokari

Kuumba motokari BelAZ, Belarusian Autoworks nechinangwa kuitira inobudirira kubviswa zvicherwa kubva kugadzirwa yacho. Pakukurukura pfungwa motokari hombe zvakadaro, mainjiniya uye vagadziri vakawana zvikuru ruzivo mune indasitiri ino. nyika yedu inozivikanwa yakawanda zviwanikwa dzokubudisa. Kugovera unhu uye vakarongeka nenhumbi kwenhumbi kugona chete guru uye yakavimbika muchina. The Ministry of motokari indasitiri yacho USSR afunga kugadzirwa zvivako kuti kukura uye pakusika inorema Marori basa iri yamabwe munyika. Saka paiva Belarusian Automobile Plant, iro rakatanga kusika BelAZ motokari.

Yatanga muna 1948, kugadzirwa kunorasirwa marara marori yawana kuonga yose. Kuramba kutanga nekuisa michina mutsva motokari indasitiri, kuti fekitari yazova mumwe vatungamiriri inorema motokari.

mwana wokutanga Belarusian Automobile Plant vakazoora vakabva conveyor muna 1961. BelAZ-540. Izvi 27-savi chikara chakanga kuzvikudza Soviet vanhu. Sezvo nhema nemwana ane yokutanga autoconcern BelAZ ichiitwa vakawanda nemiedzo zvakakodzera.

kushanda "basa" yake yebasa zvino BelAZ-540A akatanga muna 1965. Chokwadi, ichi marori mutana Soviet, uye vari kure ano migodhi marori, ari Newest iyo ndiyo BelAZ-75710. In Vachitsvaka kunyatsoshanda Belarusian Kunetseka rave zvichida akasika kupfuura mutoro-anosimudza mugodhi rori munyika. Kurema zvifambiswe nhumbi matani 450!

Designers pamusoro BelAZ-75710 akatotigadzirira fomu yataura chishamiso ichi ruzivo muna Guinness Book of Records. Kutaura zvazviri, kubudirira muenzaniso uyu kwaiva kuwanda vose nebudiriro motokari bhizimisi munzvimbo iyi. Vashandi Factory wakapedzera makore 65 kuva uye kuvandudza zvinhu zvayo.

The muenzaniso itsva yakasiyana yapfuura kushandiswa mavhiri masere panzvimbo matanhatu. Izvi mhinduro kubvumidzwa kutora mungarava imwe payload guru. Achitendeukira nharaunda pamusoro vaRafa uyu mamita anenge 20, iyo, kufunga miganhu yacho, zvishoma. Takashanda mainjiniya uye motokari maneuverability. Kushandisa nheyo mbiri muhombe matemo, kukwanisa kuvandudza zvinonyatsorehwa maneuverability mumotokari.

Huge kumbobatisa nesimba chirimwa muchini. Type simba chikwata zvaishandiswa kunorasirwa marara rori - Diesel aiwanzopiwa wokushanda. Power akapa nesimba chirimwa riri 4600 l / s. All Hurongwa BelAZ-75710 vakanga pasi kwazvo mazuvaano, izvo pakupedzisira akavandudza manageability uye kuchengeta motokari. Mukuwedzera, vachizvitakudza uye vachidzikisa kuti zvinhu, zvakare, vave nyore uye nyore, nani atasve uye muchinjikwa-nyika rori. Kuzvikudza Belarusian engineering, BelAZ-75710, dzashanduka kuva zvakanaka zvikuru-mwero uye rakavimbika motokari.

pfupiso

Pasinei chaizvo kukura husingagumi kurema, ose chinhu mumotokari pamberi pedu asangana chikuru kuchengeteka uye rakavimbika. Zvechokwadi, ndandanda "Trucks USSR" zvaisazova kwakakwana pasina BelAZ marara motokari. Asi kwataita hazvirevi kuguma pamusoro muchina uyu. Uyai.

Truck žil-131

Muna 1966, motokari chirimwa Likhachev (žil) akatanga kweShanduro yoku- womuenzaniso žil-130. The motokari yakanga rori Nzvimbo ine nani zvichienzaniswa Precursors ayo unhu. Dyarai vagadziri vakasarudza kusiya bhoneti zano, kunatsiridza chete dzimwe kabhini.

Pluses motokari žil-131

Nemhaka kwazvo ndima iri chero Nzvimbo žil-131 aiva mubatsiri akanaka munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana pazvinoitwa kwevanhu.

Zvidzidzo uye muenzaniso mashandiro vakaratidza kuti akavimbika kare ivhu, modernized uye achiri yakavimbika kushumira zvakawanda.

The motokari zvakazoonekwa kuti zvinoshamisa vakashinga uye akaoma musoro. Uchishandisa tembiricha siyana kunopfuura hunoshamisa. Žil-131 anogona anoshanda tembiricha -40 kusvika +50 Celsius.

The muchina rinoshandiswa zvikuru muzvikamu zvechiuto uye kuita mabasa akasiyana-siyana. At chawo vakasikwa okunatsiridza motokari kuti chokufambisa yevashandi dzemauto, munda dzekubikira uye Mobile zvipatara.

Pahwaro žil-131 zvakagoverwa-siyana zvombo uye redhiyo michina. Motokari akashandiswa kwazvo muna avhiyesheni indasitiri senzira ichizadza ndege, helicopters uye dzimwe nzira kuitira avhiyesheni ndege.

The muchina waishandiswa Geological prospecting, kuvaka indasitiri uye kunyange chando kubviswa kushandiswa.

Nekuipira žil-131

Kutonga nezvinooneka wongororo, akawanda kudya machine. Zvisinei, chinotsva kudyiwa 40 litres por 100 makiromita payakaipira vari nani kwakajairika.

mhedziso

Kufanana zvose Marori Soviet žil-131 nhaka "hunhu" vayo. Rakavimbika motokari izvi hazvigoni vakakonona. Kunyange nhasi, pashure emakore, žil-131 mberi kwayo hapana nyore basa.