Subculture: Nyora kubva A Z, nezvazvinoreva nzanga. youth subculture: Punk, Emo subculture, etc. US uye USSR.

Subculture vechiduku ano vanhu inozivikanwa ayo mitemo pachake inokosha uye vane zvavo tichimhanya okukura. Teens akasiyana zvikuru ayo maonero, ruremekedzo tsika. Mukuita anozvipira ruzivo vanoedza kuwana nzvimbo yavo muupenyu, kuziva zvinangwa uye kunzwisisa pachavo. Kazhinji, anotsvaka akadaro kukonzera matambudziko zvikuru zvakakura zvakadai kuyaruka udhakwa uye zvinodhaka mangwanani. Naizvozvo, kufurirwa subcultures ari kuyaruka chimwe chezvinhu zvokukurumidzira izvozvainyanyonetsa mumwe mubereki ose.

Positive uye zvinhu zvisingafadzi kufurirwa subcultures

The zvichangobva nyaya netsvakurudzo kuti vechidiki vazhinji vazivikanwe senhengo imwe subculture. Muchikamu ichi ouduku ari kunetseka kwazvo subcultures, izvo zvinogona zvose zvakanaka nezvakaipa. Muchiitiko chokutanga, rokuyaruka kuwana zvinodiwa kuti upenyu munharaunda, unyanzvi zvemagariro, uye wechipiri - kuwana unhu nako kambani iri kuedza nepose kurwa.

Teenage subcultures kubatsira vechiduku kuziva zvido zvavo uye zvinoenderana munhu mukuru uye akazvimirira upenyu. Asi panewo kunaka zvinhu, zvakadai utsinye kune mamwe mapoka evanhu. Somuenzaniso, zvakasiyana misoro uye urudzi vari, maererano nedzidziso dzechiKomonisiti dzavo, kuti mhosva pamusoro vanhu vemamwe marudzi. Kwavari, maitiro akadaro chinhu zvisiri pamutemo, uye saka havanzwisisi kuti havana basa zviito kudarika. Panyaya iyi, iyo subculture kuyaruka vane inokanganisa maonero avo, rakamiswa chizvarwa chevechiduku vakatarisana munzanga.

dzakasiyana-siyana subcultures

Nzanga All kuyaruka zviripo kwete chete mitemo yayo mufambiro, uye mitemo kuti zvinoda mumwe chitarisiko. Individual vechidiki dzenzvimbo anogona ungazoshamisa vakuru vanhu vakawanda Kuboorwa, kujairika bvudzi ruvara, chinoshamisa mapfekero, nenhumbi. Kazhinji, nokusawirirana pakati vabereki uye kuyaruka inomuka chaiyo iri hwaro ichi. Vechiduku havadi kuti vachipindira hwavo, uye vabereki vanoda mwana wavo haana kumira kubva muchaunga.

Subculture vashandi vaduku - Teddy-mukomana

boka-Teddy Social youth Boys yakaumbwa mukutanga 50s yakafanira kune hama kuvandudzika pakati zvipenyu mwero nokushanda mukirasi. Izvi youth subculture vakava kwakapararira munyika yepashure pehondo, yaisanganisira zvizvarwa rwekuita kirasi dzidzo kukwana yepamusoro uye havana mukuru-anobhadhara basa. Style wavo akanga vakakopa mapfekero uye maitiro nhengo rokumusoro strata munzanga. Mugore klassiske shanduro "Tedd" akanga sezvinotevera: unokutakwairirai-pombi, kusazvibata bhachi pamwe vherevheti chipika, chisungo-tambo neshangu pamwe rabha papuratifomu. Terafimi chaiwo munhurume, pasinei yayo runako.

Vamiririri Teddy-mukomana akaedza zvakaoma kuramba vakaita akasikwa "mukuru" chinzvimbo, kuti anogona kuva chikonzero kunetsana yomuka nevamwe sectors munzanga. Somuenzaniso, kwaiva apesane zvikuru shoroma kuyaruka kurwisa vepamusoro vechidiki makirabhu. Pane zvave kurwisa vatama.

vanonyatsokwanisa zvikamu Subculture rwekuita kirasi - Fashion

Boka mods absented pachangu vechiduku pashure chikoro kugona kushanda unyanzvi kuti zvinoda refu azvipire Gadziriro. Kutaura zvazviri, mune dzakanakira mufashoni pfungwa ndaifanira kurarama luxuriously kuzopinda zvakakurumbira uye kudhura netsvimbo, mumaresitorendi uye zvitoro, akapfeka dzinodhura kwazvo chinhu. Asi nokuda mafaro zhinji yakadaro yakanga isiri kuwanikwa, saka aigona chete vanoedza recreate mufananidzo yakanaka. Kune mhando ina mods:

1. Hasha mhando in casino uye mafungu majombo.
2. Varidzi Scooters, zvakare, munguva in casino uye bhachi ine Hood.
3. Fashion mu masutu uye yakabwinyiswa shangu chakaita kuti vakawanda nhengo subculture ichi. Nyora nopindirana fashoni musikana, ine chimiro uye bvudzi pfupi.
4. Vadzidzi ounyanzvi zvikoro, vadzidzi uye zvichingodaro.

Subculture - Rockers

Rockers akazviratidza pakati pezana 60s. boka iri raiva kunyanya kuyaruka pasina dzidzo kana kubva mumhuri dzakaparara. The chikuru unhu zvizvarwa zvemo kuti subculture ichi vane redehwe bhachi zvaipfekwa majini, hombe ine shangu, combed shure bvudzi refu uye nyora. Chokwadi, mumwe rocker pasina chinokosha yakadaro, somunhu mudhudhudhu. A kanoda subculture Rockers anofukidza mumhanzi sezvinoita padombo.

Misoro kana skinhead

Nhengo boka iri uyewo Rockers, kunyanya kubva svikiro pasi unyanzvi pamwero vashandi. Pakati pavo, vazhinji vakanga asingashandi, vakadzidza havaratidzi uye pasi nemagariro chechetere. Misoro vakanga tucked pasi majini, makuru majombo dzemakwiringwindi akaveura nyamanza. By skinhead zvakananga pedyo nhabvu hooligans. Kupira uku subcultures vari zvikuru zvakafanana munzanga sezvamunoita. Vane takabatana uye kwakakasharara Somuenzaniso, kwakabatana Football machisi.

subculture punks

boka iri kazhinji raisanganisirei vechidiki vanobva pasi-unyanzvi uye dzakaderera akabhadhara sectors vemo. The ezvinhu akaoma vechiduku zvakakonzera kwaita subculture ichi. The pamazita shamwari, zvinosanganisira havaratidzi nhengo vakadzidza munharaunda vakabatana punks. Pfungwa pane boka iri vave kunyatsotevera zvakanyatsobatana vanotyaira okuzvitutumadza, asi vamwe pane kuti, Punk manyorerwo dzinongoita inobva maonero zvinopesana netsika tsika dzakanaka uye dzakanaka. Pakutanga subculture punks vaishandisa kutsamwisa rekuratidzwa: kujairika bvudzi coloring, vatorwa rakarukwa, kunokukura ruremekedzo yakasiyana werudzii kupfeka, asi pakupedzisira akatanga kushandiswa uye nzira zvakawanda simba pamusoro simba kuburikidza misoro zvechisimba uye rufu.

The revahippie

subculture iyi yakabuda muna US ari 60s uye akakurumidza kupararira munyika yose. Pane imwe nguva nayo rakavapo kubva hippie beatniks, kirasi rapakati, icho chakabata pamusoro zvemo veboka kwenguva refu. Izvi American subculture mugove mumwe nevamwe chinhu - munhu mashoko dzidziso. The zvinokosha zvidavado kana hippie uzivi kwakanga sezvinotevera:

1. Runyararo uye nonviolence. Pacifism chaiva chikuru dzematongerwe enyika hippie. Ndokusaka nhengo dzeboka iri zvakasiyana kuzvidza chiremera, kusakendenga enyika, nokuti vabati kukurudzira hondo uye simba vanhu kurwa.
2. Self-kubudirira uye individualism. zvinhu izvi zvave maitiro kuti dullness nevazhinji munzanga.
3. Nemaune anoitwa, kureva kuchinja kubva kwekugadzikana upenyu urombo, renunciation zvokunyama zvinhu.
4. Zvinodhaka, pabonde kuedza, anofambira, mitambo, Tauriranai - ichi zvose ndiyo unoshamisa zviri hippie subculture munzanga.
5. Sokubika mapoto - a pachena chepfungwa hippie subculture sezvo vamwe havana kutevera maitiro ichi.

Hipsters

Paiva jaya iri subculture muna USSR mukunopera 40-ies remakore rechi20. Nokudaro youth Soviet akaratidza kutsutsumwa pfungwa munzanga. The chikuru pokutungamirira mods vaiva mapofu kutevedzera manyorero kumavirazuva uye United States. Nepo dudes anotarira zvakawanda sezvinoita caricature: paupamhi mudhebhe mavara akajeka, zvakakura-kura kaviri chipfuva Mabhachi, majombo pamwe gobvu inotsika uye heti pamwe navanopinda pamuromo uye kuva nechokwadi kupfeka mavara akajeka, yakabudikira kubva pasi mudhebhe ake. Terafimi yepakutanga chaizvo uye yakajeka mubatanidzwa mavara hapana Ndainetseka.

Asi nokufamba kwenguva, pedyo 50-fung gore, vaduku dudes vakachinja dzavo mufananidzo. Vakatanga kupfeka zvakasimba bhurukwa uye yakashongedzwa akavezwa Mabhachi pamwe rwakafara mapfudzi, nhete netai muhuro make uye, chokwadi, nabriolinennymi "kubika." Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti mumwe mufananidzo waiva chete vakomana, vasikana, dudes dzakanga akasvibirira inopenya dhirezi kana siketi yakaitwa maduku, pointy shangu uye rakajeka masikirwo aita. Society haana kubvumira kukura subculture ichi muna USSR uye akashora zvakasimba uye kusungirwa nhengo dzeboka iri mavara.

mumagariro subculture

Pfungwa socialization kuyaruka vari subcultures nzanga iri nokukurumidza zvikuru. Mienzaniso dzakadai subcultures se "manyoro" kana "vanyatsowana mhuka" kudzidzisa vechiduku kubatsira zvakasikwa uye kutarisira zvakatipoteredza. Asi imwe mashoko yokungotaura hakuna kukwana kudzidzisa kuyaruka basa nguva dzose. Tinofanira kudzidzira kuratidza basa "zvakanaka subcultures." Chizvarwa chevechiduku zvaidikwa kwete chete theorems uye axioms, uye nenzvimbo dzavo nezviito uye zvabuda, zvimwe hazvisi kuziva kudikanwa mabasa akanaka.

Subculture, mukurumbira munzanga yanhasi

Criminal subculture (Rockers, punks, Emo, misoro, etc.) vava haichisina muRussia. Negativity uye hasha zvishoma nezvishoma kubuda mufashoni. Kutsvaka zvitsva zvakataurwa chizvarwa chevechiduku invents ayo nzira pachavo ano. Somuenzaniso, subculture futering haarambi akaipa zvinozonzi, saizvozvo boka kunonzwisiswa kwazvo. Nhengo dzeboka vechidiki regai kupfeka shangu chero ekunze.

Nokuda kwazvo kupararira Internet ari kuramba kuwedzera subculture pamusoro gamers. Pwere nhasi vari kuramba achihwanda chokwadi muna rakapotsa nyika. Vana vaduku vakawanda kare kutarisira nechivimbo pamahwendefa, vaverengi uye maserura. Asi zviri yokutsiva kunyanya venhema zvechokwadi kuchiva, izvo vasataure vabereki vavo kuchengetedza nguva uye kushanda nesimba ravo pachavo. Pashure pezvose, kana mumwe mwana ari mubishi mitambo nokutamba kombiyuta, hazvina haatarisiri kuteerera uye kutarisirwa zvikuru. Kutaura zvazviri, dambudziko subculture rakadzika, uye vabereki vanofanira kuva nechokwadi kutora mamwe matanho kana mwana ane mutambo kana kombiyuta muropa.

Siyana zviri ano vechidiki yokurera

Youth subcultures of dzinoitwa nyika dzinoratidzwa kuwedzera mabasa nokuwadzana. Uyezve, pwere vanhasi vari kuramba achinyatsotaurira nemasango, nemavhinga Indaneti. Vari kutsvaka mumidziyo dzakafanana, musangano, bata mugove. Kune zvitatu mumagariro-inokosha wezwi pamusoro subcultures ano:

1. Prosocial mirayiridzo: subculture benchmarks uye inofamba basa-nokutamba mitambo.
2. Ushamwari murayiridzo: Punk, simbi, Emo uye hippies.
3. Ushamwari mapoka, akafanana mukuru mhosva subculture: misoro yavo yakakura chimiro.

Akakodzera youth subculture uye sezvo kwebasa rinofanira boka muupenyu jaya. Kune zvounhu uye zveboka. Muchiitiko chokutanga, kuyaruka kuomerera chakanangana yasarudzwa boka werudzii mapfekero, maitiro uye kukurukurirana. dzakadaro dzinoratidzwa kwete kuita chero mabasa. Izvi zvinosanganisira Emo, hipsters uye yakagadzirwa. Nemamwe mashoko, vechiduku ichachinja chete kwokunze mufananidzo uye manyorerwo yokuzvibata.

Activities subcultures - avo munharaunda kuti dzinobva pane chido nokuda dzakananga basa rinoda vamwe basa. boka iri ingasanganisira parkurschikov, graffistov, roleplayers.

Chii Kunokwezva vechidiki subcultures

Youth subculture somunhu oga oga - inzira kuita nokuzviremekedza nemichina mafungiro asina kunaka vamwe pachavo. Kusagutsikana yavo pachavo werudzii maitiro, muviri, mismatch mwero romukadzi kana romurume. Subculture, ndandanda chiri chikuru uye siyana, kubvumira vechiduku kupa vanozviwanira Aura kunyanya achirova munhu akazvimiririra.

Socio-mupfungwa zvikonzero vaiona anoyevedza kurongwa mararamiro chinoda basa, kutsungirira uye kutsunga, mukusiyana kune vakawanda vaibvuma iri muvanhu yakawanda. Kune zvitatu zvinoita migumisiro nezvainoita socialization ouduku subcultures:

1. The yakanaka wezwi, iyo kunoratidzwa muna magariro yokuzvitonga, kuzvicheka-Kuziva uye zvinhu kwacho nemifananidzo, zvounhu manyorerwo uye zvichingodaro.
2. Socio negative nhungamiro, izvo zvinowanikwa kujoina subcultures tsotsi, magariro, zvinodhaka uye doro.
3. Somunhu mumwe nomumwe, asina kunaka muitiro kunoratidzwa muna kutiza chokwadi, kuzviruramisa maitiro ake infantile, kurega tsika nemagariro ani.

Ndezvipi nzvimbo vakawanda mune imwe subculture kuona zvakaoma. The zvakawanda zvakaoma kuona sei zvinokanganisawo mufananidzo woupenyu hwevanhu. Modern kuitikawo dzinosanganisira vechidiki kwaro kusiyana uye okupanduka chitarisiko uye maitiro. Asi zvinokosha kuziva kuti nhengo imwe evanhu boka - kutanga rinowanzova inopfuura. Kumboda chitandadzo subcultures rinotanga makore 13 uye kuti makore 19 dzapera. By zera ichi, munhu anochinja zvavanofarira kana reinterprets tsika youpenyu. Asi pane kunze zera racho, Somuenzaniso, Rockers subculture haana nguva muganhu. Unogona kusangana uye vanhu vakuru pakati vamiririri vemunharaunda iyi, uye dzimwe nguva kunyange vakwegura. Vakagara zvechokwadi wavo kuyaruka kunonyadzisa uye vachiri kuteerera achazunungusa mumhanzi kana mutambo mapoka. Kazhinji, munhu subculture Rockers ndivo vanhu vaya muupenyu akura havasi vagadzirira kuva mutoro uye akazvimirira upenyu.

The anokosha zvinhu zvinosanganisira subcultures kuyaruka uye dzavo inconstancy zvakakodzera. Vakawanda vachiri kuyaruka dzinotsauka psyche, iro zvikurukuru zvinoenderana sei ukama hwavo nevabereki vavo. Kana ukama hwepedyo vanhu vane remoteness, mikana yokuti mwana vachawira pasi kunze simba, vari kuwedzera. Uyewo, kuyaruka inoda nhaurirano, zano uye nokunzwisisa. Kana mhuri haagamuchiri zvose izvi, iye vachatsvaka rutsigiro mudenderedzwa vanhu pedyo mumweya morale. Kakawanda maitiro diviantnoe mwana wacho kuyaruka ari kusonganirana muenzaniso murombo kubva kunze. Zvinogona TV, zvakaipa mamwe masoja ari boka uye zvichingodaro. Kuti tidzivise inokanganisa mwana, vabereki vanofanira kumisa kuonana kana kuzochera kuti ichi chinangwa wechiduku vakura.

Sources chimiro subcultures muRussia

Pwere Russian subcultures chitarisiko nokuda kwezvikonzero zvinoverengeka. Mumakore 15-20 makore, nezuva upenyu vana uye vanhu vakura kwave kuchinja zvinoshamisa. The kubudirana pachena kuWestern uye Eastern mutsika vanofurirwa zvakasimba nemaonero vanhu, mushonga tsika zhinji, akatsiga ukama, ukoshi vomunyika Russian. Kanenge zvakakanganisa chaizvo upenyu hwevanhu uye itsva zvesayenzi uye kugadzira zvinhu, chimurenga, iyo anonyanya chokuita kwaita mananara zvakadai makombiyuta, maserura, Indaneti.

Kumboda youth subculture rakapararira nomuzvarirwo. Kunyange zvazvo kazhinji kwakakwanira wakadai kuwedzera kubatsira vezvenhau, bato, trendsetters, uye zvichingodaro. Pane imwe nzira - wezvokutengeserana uye vechidiki nemasangano ndivo hwaro siyana ouduku yokuzvifadza, raivapo nomuzvarirwo, nokusika chakarongwa negwara. Sezvo muenzaniso kutamba mumigwagwa. Asi izvi kunodawo rinokosha nzira. Nyanzvi dzinodavira kuti kubata pamwe angangoita zvakanaka informals yaifanira nemitemo vatatu: unofanira batanidza nevatungamiriri, dzinovapa zvose zvakakodzera kuti zviitiko uye kutungamirira kurambidzwa mumuitiro uye mabasa kunze mukufamba zviito.

Strategy vechidiki mabasa

Kana tikafunga vechidiki mabasa nemaonero evanhu dzidzo, tinogona kusiyanisa nhatu huru pedagogical nzira. Regai kuteerera, regai ushe kubva vaingoerekana kupinda munzvimbo magariro upenyu uye chete pashure kuti kushanda, kana kuti kuongorora zvinogona voujaya subcultures tichitarisa nzira dzokuwedzera dzidzo uye kushandisa navo zvinodiwa pachavo kukura vana uye kuyaruka.

The zvinogona ouduku subcultures maererano dzidzo ndechokuti mhando uye siyana nebasa kuyaruka uye vechiduku, zvisinei bhora chero dzidzo murusununguko youth kukurukura mamiriro ezvinhu, uine mumagariro. Asi zvinokosha kushandisa rakakodzera pedagogical zvishandiso.

Kutaura zvazviri, ano nzira zvedzidzo anongoda hapana kuonana izvi vechidiki uye mwana nemunharaunda. Uyezve, kuonana ichi chinoitika kunonyanya mumisasa muzhizha, masangano nevana uye kashoma muzvikoro yechipiri.

Kazhinji, mararamiro, maitiro uye nechokunze zviratidzo subcultures kuyaruka uye vechidiki akafukidza munhu akaipa munzira, iyo pave chinoshingaira Tichitevedzera vamiririri Nzanga idzi imwe unenclosed chikamu vechidiki. Izviwo, chamuita kuti kupararira subcultures izvi zvinopfuura nyika chete. Kunyange zvakadaro, variability nezvimwe maitiro subcultures akanga zvikuru kwemarudzi uye magariro evanhu. Somuenzaniso, Soviet hippies duku sezvinoita nhengo subculture ichi munyika dzokuMadokero. A ano misoro Russian akasiyana chaizvo kubva pakutanga misoro UK.

okutsutsumwa chisimba ouduku munyika dzokuMadokero mumakore 60-70, uye muSoviet uye post-Soviet nzvimbo yechipiri yezana 90s kwakaita kwete chete kuderedza voruzhinji basa pakati pevechiduku, asi akashanda se dzimwe kuitika kune nokuedza. A pachena chinoratidza mazuva ano ndiko kuwedzera uwandu kutsutsumwa ouduku subcultures, uyewo zvakasiyana-siyana. Saka, tinogona kutaura kuti kune subcultures idzva mazita ari kukura.