The cathode uye anode - kubatana uye kurwisana pakati zvakapesana

The cathode uye anode - zvakamisa hurongwa maviri acho, aibuda Magetsi. All zvinhu zvinogona rakakamurwa mhando mbiri - the conductors, chivakwa umo hombe nekumwisa vakasununguka maerekitironi uye dielectrics (umo vakasununguka maerekitironi vane dzinenge).

Pfungwa Magetsi

Magetsi - ndiyo yakarongeka kufamba mhosva PARTICIPLE zvinhu marongerwo pasi pokudzora remagetsi mupfungwa. Kana rikashandiswa kune DC voltage kondakita, vewakasununguka maerekitironi kuva kunaka mutariri vachatitaka zvakarongeka kufamba akananga anode (the chokwadi mhosva electrode) ari cathode (isakarurama mhosva electrode). The kuitika maererano dzichayerera muna neizvi negwara. A cathode uye anode - electrodes maviri, pakati iyo yakaumbwa unopinza (musiyano) kuti remagetsi mupfungwa.

Conductors uye insulators

Conductors uye insulators zvingava zvikukutu, mvura uye gaseous zvinhu. Ndechokuti aibuda Magetsi hazvina basa. Refu pokushandisa remagetsi voltage kuti zvinhu panguva cathode chichagadzirirwa chinhu nekumwisa maerekitironi panguva anode uye - kushota kwayo. Kana voltage rinoshandiswa refu zvakakwana, nemamiriro acho kubva iyo akaita anode, ivo maerekitironi achapukunyuka kwakabatana pamwechete maatomu uye zvinhu anotanga mishonga sei ne mishonga vanoshingaira zvinhu kubva zvakatipoteredza. Izvi zvinonzi electrolysis.

electrolysis

The cathode uye anode mu electrochemistry matanda maviri anoreva kuti yesaline kana akanyauka ari kugara remagetsi voltage. Kana doro Erekitironi pari kubva anode anotanga kuputsa, i.e., pachavo chokwadi mhosva maatomu fuma achawira brine (ezvinhu) uye hwakatamisirwa cathode umo dhipoziti ari Yakanatswa chimiro. Izvi zvinozivikanwa se electroplating. Kushandisa electroplating zvemapuranga ane mutete paiva zingi, mhangura, ndarama, sirivha uye dzimwe simbi, siyana zvigadzirwa.

Chii cathode, uye chii ndiwo mabasa kuti anoita electrolysis? Izvi zvinogona kunzwisiswa kana zvinotevera zviito: kana kuita anode chakaitwa nendarira kana netini, ipapo kutendeuka kubva cathode redunhu puranga, akafukidza nhete paiva gaba kana mhangura (wakashandiswa electronic indasitiri). By chete nzira, iyo-akaafukidza nendarama zvishongo mhangura-akapfeka aruminiyamu uye kunyange-akaafukidza nendarama zviteshi kuti zvemagetsi ouinjiniya kuitira kuvandudza magetsi conductivity.

Mhinduro dzemibvunzo ine chii anode uye cathode panguva electrolysis vari pachena: yacho anode somugumisiro aibuda zvakananga kuitika kuburikidza brine raparadzwa, uye cathode anogamuchira anode zvinhu. Kunyange izwi yakadaro yakatanga muna electroplating svikiro - "anodizing zviri cathode". zvinoreva chaiko haugoni kupiwa, asi chaiwo musimboti mubvunzo anoratidza zvakakwana.

semiconductors

Semiconductors ndiwo zvinhu izvo havana nemamiriro vakasununguka maerekitironi uye mabhomba vakaramba munzvimbo dzavo dzakaipa. Kana mashoko acho ari mvura kana gaseous mamiriro Vakaisa remagineti, uye ipapo ugozvipa kuomesa, ipapo kutendeuka electrically muronga semiconductor, izvo zvichaita kutakura kuitika mune imwe chete chete. Kubva zvinhu izvi, kushandisa pfuma-dzataurwa pamusoro apa, kuti diodes. Ivo vari marudzi maviri:

a) «pnp» conductivity;

b) «npn» conductivity.

In tsika, iyo fineness kuti diode mamiriro hachibatsiri. Zvakakosha kubatanidza zvakanaka magetsi redunhu diode. Apo anode, apo cathode - mubvunzo wanetsa vanhu vakawanda. The diode ane notation: kana A uye K, kana + uye -. Zvinokwanisika kubatanidza diode miviri chete nzira DC hushande. Mune imwe nyaya, zvakanaka diode achava kuitisa kuitika, uye mune mamwe - kwete. Naizvozvo, unofanira kutora mudziyo, iro pachena kuziva kupi cathode uye anode apo, uye batanidza kuna diode. Kana mudziyo rinoratidza kuvapo imwe kuitika, kuti diode kwakabatana zvakanaka. Saka, mudziyo uye cathode pamusoro diode cathode uye anode pamusoro mudziyo uye anode pamusoro diode zvichienderana. Zvikasadaro, unofanira kuchinja unobatanidza pfungwa.

1. Kana diode asingagari kupfuura kuitika mune zvose mirayiridzo, zvinonzi akapisa, haigoni igadziriswe.

2. Kana uri zvinopesana, Reeves, iye chibhakera. Chinofanira kuraswa.

Achiongorora diodes testers uye samplers. Munguva diode cathode uye anode vari nokuramba wakaomerera panzira kuda kuurayiwa ravo mashoko akasiyana galvanic zvinyorwa simba (mabhatiri, mabhatiri uye zvichingodaro. P.).

Cathode ari semiconductor zvinhu (diodes) ndiyo wemagetsi wedunhu electrode (gumbo), iro zvakanaka (+) mukana. Kuburikidza redunhu hwakabatana munhu asina simba zvitengeswa nekugona. Nokudaro, kuitika mune semiconductor diode zvakananga runoyerera nenzira kubva anode kusvika cathode. On nemagetsi matunhu kuti ironge yokufananidzira uye akaratidza.

Kana imwe cherwendo diode (electrode) kwakabatana kuna rakatumbuka voltage, ari electrode yechipiri, tinowana zvakanaka kana kunaka hafu-sine wave kufamba kweropa. Kana iwe batanidza diodes maviri zambuko, ticharamba kuchengeta kunogadzirisika Magetsi iri substantially rusingaperi.

Galvanic mabhuku DC - bhatiri (bhatiri)

The cathode uye anode mune zvinhu izvi zviri kunoshandurwa zvichienderana kutungamirirwa Magetsi, nokuti mumwe nyaya kwavari voltage anouya, uye ivo pachavo nokuda nemakemikari zvinhu zvinopa DC. Pano pachava kunaka electrode mundiro uye akanaka - cathode. Mune imwe nyaya, mune accumulator kunoitika kwakajairika electrolysis rikurumidze.

Kana bhatiri riri pauri uye makemikari maitiro, waimira seinokonzera magetsi kuitika akamira, rinofanira recharged nemunhu zvokunze simba. Nokudaro, tiri nezvekutanga chirongwa electrolysis, kureva kudzorera chepakutanga ehupfumi ari galvanic bhatiri. The bhatiri cathode rinofanira kuiswa ane kunaka nokuchengeta, uye anode - iri zvakanaka, zvino bhatiri zvichabviswa recharged.

Saka, mhinduro yomubvunzo wokuti sei kuti ndeakaita cathode uye anode ari galvanic muchitokisi, kunobva uchiraira kana chiri tsime zvemagetsi ano zvitengeswa.

mhedziso

Sezvo summation pamusoro apa, munhu cathode - ndiro electrode iro pane zvinopfuura maerekitironi, uye anode - ndiro electrode ine kuperevedza maerekitironi. Asi ndinoiitawo kana kubvisa pamusoro chaiwo electrode chinhu hushande kunorondedzerwa kutungamirirwa ano chokubuda.