The fungira (CPC): tsananguro. kodzero fungira. Article 46 of roMutemo Criminal Procedure

vanhu vose munzira kana mumwe zvinobatanidzwa mu nemutadzi nzira mutemo ukama, zvinobatanidzwa pakuitika (vasaenderera mberi) uye saka tine imwe yakatarwa kodzero uye mitoro. Mumabhuku ano pamusoro jurisprudence panyaya iyi pane pfungwa maonero. Pfungwa ubatanidzwe mhosva muitiro wayo pasi akafanana.

The mhosva, kuti fungira, vamiriri dzavo uye vamiririri, uyewo wehurumende nebato zvinoenderana Code pamusoro Criminal Procedure vari mapato kuva mupomerwi.

A fungira ari tsotsi nomuedzo: pfungwa

Nzwisisika pfungwa ane mhosva anopiwa ari chikamu Art chokutanga. 46. Maererano urongwa uhwu pamutemo, munhu nekuda uyo Vezvemitemo kwete chete ari vavaifungira vakaita kuti imwe mhosva, asi kuchiita zvimwe Maitiro chiito. Sezvo vakadaro kunogona kuva chokudzivirira chipimo (maererano Art. 100), isati iri mhosva kana mhosva nyaya vanenge paruzhinji-paruzhinji uye voruzhinji kusunga kana kuvharirwa pamusoro kunyumwira.

Kana chikuru rwokutsvakurudza zvinhu (yokuzvidira kusarenda, mashoko basa vaipomerwa mhosva uye zvemakore macheki dzavo dzendege, kuferefeta muviri, muchuchisi, kuti dzendege) rine mashoko inotungamirira nokufungidzira kuti nemutadzi chiito chakaitwa imwe munhu, chisarudzo pamusoro tsotsi mhosva, zvinofanira hazvo sezvinoratidzwa. Pashure paizvozvo, munhu anotaurwa chete se "chifungidziro". Code pamusoro Criminal Procedure zvinoratidza pfungwa iyi wevakadzidza uye zvemitemo, rakamanikana pfungwa, uye zvinofanira kurangarirwa.

Kana panguva tsotsi nyaya mashoko pamusoro munhu akadaro hazvisi, uye ikaramba chete weboka rokutanga kuferefeta, kuti fungira iri pamutemo pfungwa, harizokudzoreri kunzi.

chinzvimbo of fungira munguva

Cherechedza kuti fungira (Code pamusoro Criminal Procedure zvinosimbisa) ichiri chinzvimbo ichi kwenguva pfupi (shoma) nguva. Saka, kana akasungwa ipapo asungwa, paaiva pasi payo haafaniri kupfuudza mazuva gumi dzakawanda mhosva, izvo zvinoratidzwa Unokosha Part of Criminal Code. The anosiyiwa ndiwo mabasa kuti kuwa pasi magandanga chiito, kurovedza ake, kubatsirwa Implementation nevamwe. Muzviitiko izvi, nguva chinoshanda kuna mazuva 45 kubva nguva rakasarudzwa mwero kuzvidzora. Kana haana kusarudzwa kwemazuva maviri, ari fungira (CCP, Art. 94, ch. 2) inofanira kusunungurwa, uye ipapo vaite pamutemo munhu akadaro hakuchisina vaiona. Zvisinei, kana kubvunza mamiriro inogona kuchengetedzwa kusvikira mufananidzo uri kupomera mhosva nokuda muchuchisi.

Kufanana nevamwe vechikamu mumwe fungira ari tsotsi muedzo asina mabasa chete, asiwo kodzero. Ngationgororei navo zvizere.

Kodzero ruzivo pamusoro chii chaizvo zviri vanofungidzirwa

zvichida iyi ndiyo inonyanya kukosha uye kuzivikanwa zvakanaka fungira. By tichiwana chinzvimbo ichi, kuti munhu anofanira kuva nekodzero kuziva chii chaizvo zvinonzi vanofungidzirwa. Panguva Chaiyo chiziviso - Ibasa munhu anoitisa rokutanga kuongorora. Dzika izvozvo nenzira dzakawanda:

• Urongwa nomumwe makopi (zvakakodzera vanopupurirwa) kusarudza akatanga vasaenderera mberi pamusoro pake, iyo inoratidza nechigadziko uye kuitwa kwesarudzo iyi, uyewo dzemunharaunda ari tsotsi mutemo pachishandiswa iyo yakaitwa;
• chiratidzo motifs uye chengetedzo ari dzakati pangoro kuvharirwa;
• chiratidzo muna chisarudzo pamusoro pokushandisa chiyero kuzvidzora kuzorwa munhu asati vachiuya naye pamutemo mhosva, mhosva apo kufungidzira iye.

Zvinofanira kurangarirwa kuti fungira anekodzero (nyaya 46) kuti vawane makopi pamusoro zvinyorwa (zvisarudzo, kwemaminitsi). Uye basa magwaro yaifanira mukati zuva rimwe kubva musi issuance dzavo kana kunyoresa.

Kodzero kupupura kana kuramba navo

Mutemo munhu afungirwe kuita tsotsi chiito, vane kodzero kupa uchapupu uye tsanangudzo pamusoro huripo kunyumwira pamusoro pake. Anogonawo kuramba chiito. Muchiitiko chokutanga, munhu akanyevera kuti uchapupu hwake zvose zvaigona pashure kushandiswa tsotsi mhosva sezvo uchapupu, kunyange kana kurashwa kwavo. Zvisinei, pane zvagara. Kana fungira waives uchapupu hwake, uye iyoyo, kana vakapiwa akanga asipo mudziviriri ari CCP haadi kuaverenga mudare.

Sezvambotaurwa pamusoro, ichi ndicho munhu zvakanaka, asi kwete basa rake. The fungira haabati zvachose hapana basa mashoko enhema kana kuramba uchapupu. The muparamende vaiona kuti kwakadaro nzira kwaizova zvikuru Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri. Anokonzera uchapupu hwenhema zvinogona kumanikidza munhu azvibaye pachake kwenguva refu nguva inozivikanwa musimboti: "Of zviviri zvakaipa kusarudza kuvaduku."

Right yokuzvidzivirira

The fungira anekodzero kuitira kuti aiva mudziviriri. Code pamusoro Criminal Procedure rinobvumira kushandiswa mabasa ayo uye rubatsiro kubva panguva apo zvakanga chaizvoizvo vakatakura kunze yevasungwa, kubvira panguva apo munhu tsotsi mhosva, uyewo mamwe zviito rakatangwa muna yechinangwa vasaenderera mberi.

Kodzero kupa uchapupu nyaya

Article 46 ya. 4 h. 4 inopa fungira kodzero kupa uchapupu. Rinogona chinozoiswa chokwadi, kuburikidza nekupupura kana kupa kuongorora masimba kana muchuchisi zvinhu zvokunyama, izvo zviri zvakananga kushanda kune chipo nyaya. Zvinogona siyana magwaro, nyaya, maCD uye mavhidhiyo, uye zvichingodaro. D. Cherechedza kuti mashoko vane kodzero uye nevamwe vechikamu enyaya iri Criminal Procedure Code.

Kodzero zvikumbiro uye paanopikiswa

A chikumbiro mumutemo anonzwisisa ane chikumbiro pamutemo, pfungwa chinhu. The fungira anogona kutumira chikumbiro kwete chete kuunganidzwa idzva kana humwe uchapupu kuferefeta zviremera kana ongororo versioner kuti vangadai nemhosva iye, asi kutonga kwacho anorayira kuti amise pamusoro pake, uyewo kupa mukana tinyatsoziva chero Maitiro zvinyorwa, anoita, etc. .. chero zvazvingava, zviri dzose pasi kuongorora pedyo dzendege. It hakungamboitwi ndaramba fungira kana zano rake nomufambiro rwokutsvakurudza maitiro, kusanganisira mibvunzo zvapupu kana forensic kuongororwa, kana mamiriro ezvinhu pakagadzwa iyo vakagamuchira chikumbiro, vane uyu mhosva nyaya ukoshi.

Removal, kana, mune mamwe mazwi, kushanda kuti kudzingwa upi nhengo nedanho yacho, vaitwe vaizviti nekuda ari kuzvidzivirira nyanzvi, nyanzvi, muturikiri, mutongi, muchuchisi, imwe dzendege muna ezvinhu kuti runosanganisirawo kusashandisa zvimwe vavo kuitawo zvekufamba.

Chinhanho rwokutsvakurudza zviito

The zviri pamutemo kodzero fungira kuti ndiitewo chiito (rwokutsvakurudza), izvo anogadzirwa pamusoro inofamba ake (akataura oga, mudziviriri kana mumiririri pamutemo) pamwe mvumo wobvunzisisa mukuru kana dzendege, familiarization pamwe protocols yezviito izvi, izvo zvakaitwa pamwe yake yakananga Kupinda uye zvokudya Zvaanoona vari wakaiswa muna Sec. 8, 9 h. 4 nyaya 46.

Murayiro haarambidzi kunwiwa iyo fungira kuitawo zviito kuferefeta, izvo anobudiswa panguva chirongwa vamwe vatambi kana zvitunha rokutanga kuongorora.

Kodzero kunyora chichemo

Zvino fungira uye mhosva kodzero ikwidzwe chichemo pamusoro kunyaya kana nezviito uye zvasarudzwa nezvakatongwa nezviremera, vaongorori uye wevaindibvunzurudza, muchuchisi. Security mabasa kubatsira akarongwa vanhu panguva imwe chete vari mujeri gadziriro 125 126. Vanoratidza zvinofanira pakunamata zvichemo, uyewo nzira nokuda kwayo pokukurukura nomazvo zviremera, iyo inopa kuti mutemo unoti gadziriro kupa mhinduro (pamusoro migumisiro kudzokorora uye sarudzo chiziviso).

Kodzero vaudze hama

Panguva chikumbiro yacho fungira mumaawa 12 yevasungwa iri dzendege, iri dzendege kana muchuchisi anofanira kuzivisa chero pedyo nehama dzake (kana zvavo kusavapo - vamwe) kana kupa mukana kwaari. Kana fungira ari National kana mugari imwe nyika, kushuma ruzivo urwu inofanira kuva rekupinda (veHigh) kuti State.

Vose mitemo pane kusaina. Zvino iyiwo. Kodzero idzi zviri fungira (munhu mukuru) anogona kutyorwa kana zvakakodzera kuchengeta yevasungwa zvakavanzika kufarirwa rokutanga kuferefeta. Izvi zvinogoneka chete chete mvumo ane gweta.

Kodzero muturikiri uye izyasnenie mururimi rwavo

Zvinofanira kurangarirwa kuti hazvisi nguva dzose muna Russian akapa tsanangudzo uye uchapupu fungira. UPK akapa Bato iri vasaenderera mberi yokuita zvinhu izvi mumutauro zvaakanga muridzi zvakanakisisa, kana kwako. Panyaya iyi, iyo dzendege uye dzendege vanofanira kubvumira kuti kuzadziswa kodzero iyi, kusanganisira kuburikidza Urongwa muturikiri mahara.

The mutauro umo zvekufamba zvinoitiswa tsotsi nyaya (mutauro mamiriro kana mumwe vanotongwa Russian Federation), mumamiriro ezvinhu aya hazvina basa.

Kuti muchidimbu, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti Criminal Procedure Code kuti fungira kodzero kudzivirira pacharo achishandisa zvinowanikwa zvose uye nzira dzisina anorambidzwa nemutadzi mutemo. Somuenzaniso, akasarudzwa muBumbiro reMitemo kodzero zvakasununguka kutsvaka, kugamuchira, kuchinjwa uye kubereka, kufambiswa kwemashoko, ari kukumbira rubatsiro kune vezvenhau, dzevanhu masangano nevamwe.

The muusungwa of fungira

Muusungwa chiyero coercive Maitiro iro rinoshandisirwa pamusoro fungira Gweta abvunza, vabvunza miviri dzendege kwenguva maawa 48. Inogona kushandiswa iri chiitiko kuti chirango mhosva iri vavaifungira kuita munhu kunopa kuti kuiswa mujeri, uye kana chimwe nhandare pasi apa:

• Munhu abatwa achiita kana pakarepo pashure.
• The zvapupu uye / kana vawirwa anotaurwa murume somunhu akaita mhosva.
• On murume naye, pamusoro penguvo dzake, mumwe kungoda mhosva yokugara.

Panewo zvimwe zvaidiwa kuvharirwa vanhu vaifungidzirwa kuita mhosva uye pasi makore 18. Wakaitwa tichifunga mashoko pamusoro. Zvisinei, tinofanira kuyeuka kuti makore 16 vanhu vakaita mhosva duku yokutanga mwero, kwete chinofanira kurohwa mujeri.