The mushonga "Menaktra": instructions, rondedzero uye wongororo

The mushonga "Menaktra" - chizvarwa chitsva zvinodhaka. Little anozivikanwa somunhu hwakanyatsorwisa richangobva akasika (anenge 10 apfuura), mumwe US kambani Sanofi Pasteur. The mushonga kwapfuura nhevedzano miedzo uye rakasiyana zvakafanana zvigadzirwa. It ane nhamba mabhakitiriya kuti itibatsire paumbwe masoja parameters ari muviri pamusoro panowanikwa yomumuzongoza uye chepfu ropa anokonzerwa meningococcus.

mamiriro

The mushonga "Menaktra" anonyevera dzinoverengeka zvirwere, inochinja nechitarisiko meningococcus serogroup chaicho. Chinhu zvishoma kujeka hwakajeka mhinduro kuti intramuscular yaitonga.

Imwe dose anenge 0,5 Rine mamiririta, zvinosanganisira zvakadai vanoshingaira zvinoriumba sezvo monovalent meningococcal verlauf kuti panofanira kuva kwemimwe mhando polysaccharide serogroups (A, C, Y, W-135) uye mutakuri mapuroteni. Ose chete polysaccharide conjugated kuti diphtheria toxoid jekiseni dose akaenzana 48 MG.

Zvimwe zvinhu zvinodhaka sezvamunoita vari: yavaibvisa phosphate, yavaibvisa chloride, yavaibvisa dihydrogenphosphate monohydrate uye mvura chairo jekiseni.

Kugadzirira zviri mumapepa ari girazi ndiro ine imwe-nguva dose - 0.5 Rine mamiririta. Atorwa ringava kana shanu ndiro, uye mirayiridzo kushandiswa.

The mushonga yaichengetwa panguva tembiricha 2-8 ° C. Hazvifaniri chando. Chinofanira zvikachenge- inotonhorera nzvimbo pasigasvikirwi vana. Kana mushonga vamwe chikonzero kwave chando, hazvina kufanira kushandiswa.

Pasherufu-upenyu zvinodhaka ndiko makore maviri kubva kugadzirwa musi yakadhindwa pamusoro pasuru.

"Menaktru" unobereka nyika yakakurumbira akaigadzira yokudzivirira, "Sanofi Pasteur Inc.".

The mushonga "Menaktra": tsananguro pharmacological chiito

Kazhinji, asi causative nomumiririri meningococcal zvirwere (semuenzaniso yomumuzongoza) anova utachiona N. Meningitidis. It akataura anoverengeka serotypes veboka iri mabhakitiriya. Kushandisa "Menaktra" mushonga kunomutsa kugadzirwa dzakananga antibodies rinotungamirirwa pamusoro causative nomumiririri meningococcal chirwere. The mushonga rine zvina serogroup ndiyo A, C, Y uye W-135. Vari zvose akapa ane bactericidal basa rinokosha.

miedzo Clinical zvainanga kuwana mugumisiro dzikaratidza "Menaktry" haina kuitwa, sezvo kusarudzwa serum bactericidal antibodies (SBA) ndiro padanho kunyatsoshanda kuti meningococcal yokudzivirira.

Immunological unhu aibata vana kubva 2 kusvika 10 makore uye vakwegura 11-55 makore iwayo. Immunogenicity akanga akatsunga Pakuurayiwa functionality pamusoro antibody, dzakanga dzakaonekwa ne serum bactericidal munhu akaidza. Vanhu zera boka makore 2-10 vaiona zvirwere norudaviro chete Pfungwa yacho mushonga, uye pashure pemazuva 28. kuwedzera geometric titer zvenguva vaizivikanwa (GMTs) kuti bactericidal antibodies. mhando dzose serogroups muna 86-100% nyaya vachiri chakarurama dzavaisakwanisa kuona titers hwakanyorwa seroconversion, inozivikanwa se chetrehkratnoe uye kuwedzera antibody titers panguva mazuva 28 mushure kubaya.

Yakamisirwa chinzvimbo "Menaktry" zvazvinoita immunological ndangariro pashure chikuru kubaya mune vana nevakuru.

The pakuongororwa muvanhu makore 11-18 vakaratidza kuti masoja mhinduro imwe-nguva paumbwe mushonga. Zviratidzi SBA GMTs kwemazuva 28 pashure kubaya akanga yepamusoro zvikuru kupfuura chepakutanga. Muna 98-100% kuyaruka, pamwe nechokwadi kwokutanga antibody siyana zuva 28 hwakaratidzwa cherehkratnoe kuwedzera SBA Titre matombo ose serogroup B mushonga. Aya anoratidzei yakakwirira immunogenicity zvinodhaka pane yakati zera.

In vakuru vane indeterminate antibody titers muna 93-100% nyaya akaratidza mana mudanga kuwedzera SBA titer kuti mamwe marudzi ose serogroups utachiona hwakakura ari mushonga sezvamunoita. In miedzo yose, ari immunological norudaviro ndiye zvisinei munhurume, zera uye rudzi.

Hapana zviratidzi pamusoro kinetics ari kutanga kufarira paumbwe mushonga, asi masoja kufarira pashure pemazuva 7-10 pashure kubaya hwakanyorwa.

Duration kuti masoja kudzivirira mushure kwokutanga inotungamirwa mushonga akaratidza mumiedzo kurapwa uye akaenzana makore matatu pashure chete yaitonga.

zvairatidza

The mushonga "Menaktra" akagadzirirwa kudzivisa meningococcal chirwere. The kwaita yokupedzisira rinokanganisa utachiona N. Meningitidis dzamarudzi dzakadai serogroups sezvo A, C, Y uye W-135 vari vanhu vakasiyana-siyana vezera boka.

Contraindications kuti idzidziso pamusoro yokudzivirira

"Menaktra" (mushonga) harifaniri kushandiswa kana asingashiviriri kana zvimwe vanoshingaira zvinhu zvayo sezvamunoita. zvirwere Ban vane chirwere uye dzisiri kutapuriranwa hunhu, uyewo panguva exacerbations echirwere zvirwere.

Chipimo chemushonga uye nzira kubaya

Kugadzirira "Menaktra" (mushonga) raitongwa intramuscularly zano richitungamirira, kunyanya munzvimbo pamapfudzi deltoid netsandanyama. Vana kusvika gore zvinodhaka chinotarisirwa kupinda tsandanyama yehudyu nzvimbo, kubva muchikwata ichi wevarwere pamafudzi tsandanyama vari underdeveloped. Inoculation zvinoitwa kamwe chete panguva imwe chipimo chemushonga kuti 0.5 Rine mamiririta.

Pamberi chidzoke ari mushonga vanofanira zvinoenderana vamwe kuchengeteka matanho, izvo chinangwa kudzivisa migumisiro ndisingadiwi. It inoongorora mamiriro utano munhu, tsvaka kuvapo contraindications.

Vaccination kunongova Man playing uye pasi yayo kuzvidzora. A kurapwa kamuri nokuda majekiseni yakadaro inofanira vakagadzirira antishock zvinodhaka kuti anorapwa.

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, pashure pakatanga jekiseni vakanga kuchengetwa kufenda. Vashandi Health, majekiseni anodzivirira, vazvigadzirire mamiriro ezvinhu aya uye nenguva nenzira kudzivirira kukuvara chokuita kuwa, uyewo kupa zvakakodzera kurapwa.

Pane magwaro vezvokurapa dzakawanda kuti aone kuti mushonga inofanira kushandiswa "Menaktra". The kubaya purogiramu sezvinotevera:

• Vacheche makore 9-23 mwedzi, kuti mushonga rakaiswa mumatanho maviri. Mushure wokutanga kubaya kuregawo kwemwedzi mitatu, uye ipapo ita wechipiri.
• Vana makore maviri, vachiri kuyaruka uye vakuru mushonga chinotarisirwa intramuscularly, uye kamwe chete.

The mushonga anodzivirira pamusoro meningococcal chirwere, iyo inoratidza pacharo mazuva gumi kubva musi kubaya. Booster dose mune iyi haisi inopiwa.

Kudyidzana nevamwe zvinodhaka

Medicine "Menaktra" (live mushonga) anogona kupiwa Rakabatanidzwa pamwe polysaccharide mushonga, fivha yambiro chiitiko. Pamwe adsorbed mushonga pamusoro tetenasi uye diphtheria. Kugovana pamusoro majekiseni uve nemakore boka 11-17 uye 18-55 makore.

Haugoni kuisa zvose mushonga "Menaktra" uye BCG kubaya.

Kana majekiseni maviri vakatakudzwa kubva panguva iyoyo, vanofanira kuitwa munyika dzakasiyana-siyana dzomuviri. Nokuti mumwe jekiseni shandisa yoga sirinji.

Pregnancy uye lactation

Somugumisiro nemiedzo yakakura kurapwa, kwakaonekwa kuti hapana zvakaomarara sei pamuviri uye fetus mushonga "Menaktra". Description of chinodhaka, kunyange inokurudzirwa kurishandisa iyi, kana kubatsira kungaita kuti mai kudarika yavanababa ngozi kukura mudumbu. Somuenzaniso, kushandiswa kwayo bvumidzwa kana meningococcal chirwere vari muhombe, pamwe idenda kana kunoshanyira endemic nzvimbo.

Not kudzidza mano unorapa ari mushonga zvinoenda mukaka dzokudya vakadzi. Mumiedzo vokutanga yokudzivirira dzakadaro antibodies kune polysaccharides inowanikwa vaduku mbeva, izvo zvichiri kudyisa mai. Chokwadi ichi hachina kugona vana kukura. zvidzidzo Similar vanhu havana inoitwa.

Usati baya mukadzi panguva lactation, unofanira kunyatsoona njodzi uye zvinogona vanobatsirwa kubaya.

The mushonga "Menaktra": nemishonga

Pashure kubaya chete zvinodhaka ichi Varwere vazhinji ainetseka pamusoro siyana kunaka siyana. Symptomatology iri zvakasiyana-siyana zvichienderana nezera kuzivikanwa.

Saka, muna vanhu kubvira maviri kusvika gumi apfuura kunge aionekwa nounyoro, induration, kuzvimba uye akatsvuka kuti jekiseni wongoramba. Children pashure kubaya vakanga anobuda, paiva hope. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, pane kudya manyoka, kurutsa uye fivha. Zvinetso vana okusafunga, uye urticaria. Paiva kuratidzwa muchimiro arthralgia.

Kuyaruka makore 11-18 uye vakuru vane makore makore 18-55, kwaiva marwadzo uye induration munhanganyaya yebhuku kubaya. I achitambura musoro, manyoka, kurutsa. Akasimuka kuneta. Ungaderedza kudya. mapundu, arthralgia wakaonekwa. Paiva fivha, vakawanda zvakawanda zvive, fivhiri.

Paiva siyana hypersensitivity kuita. Guillain-Pazvibato zvechizarira chirwere yaiitwa, kukwana kurasikirwa ndangariro, nezvipusha, kuoma rune etsinga, paresthesia, transverse myelitis, dzungu, neakangwara encephalomyelitis mu rikwanise chimiro, myalgia.

Meningococcal mushonga "Menaktra" chirwere anogona kukonzera zvirwere zvakawanda, asi ivo vari munyoro uye inonyangarika mukati vhiki mushure kubaya.

Zvokungwarira

"Menaktra" yomumuzongoza mushonga inokurudzirwa vanhu vane mikana yakawanda nezvirwere meningococcal chirwere. Ava ndivo vanhu vave zvakananga kuonana varwere noutachiona meningococcus. Tinofanira kuita mushonga vanhu vane properdin kushaikwa, uye mukwanisi zvinoriumba. The mushonga chinhu vagari zvinokosha pamwe asplenia. Rinogonawo akaisa vanhu vaifamba vari hyperendemic dzoga, uye vashandi rabhoritari kugara kuitisa zvidzidzo zvakasiyana-siyana pamusoro migumisiro utachiona N. Meningitidis. Doctors vanokurudzira mushonga uyu kuti vadzidzi kurarama dhomitari, uye muchiuto.

The mushonga haafaniri kupiwa nomutsinga, intra- kana subcutaneously. taisireva nokuda mashoko akadaro installation havasi mishonga.

Never batanidza mushonga uyu mumwe sirinji nevamwe zvinodhaka.

Not kudzidza matambudziko kubaya varwere vane thrombocytopenia kana vanhu vachitambura kubva ropa zvirwere. Pane njodzi ropa kana raitongwa intramuscularly. Kana yokudzivirira nezvinobvamo vakadaro vanofanira kuongorora zvinogona nengozi uye kubatsira.

A zvakafanana ari kuchengetwa pamwe Guillain-Pazvibato zvechizarira syndrome. Paiva zviitiko chirwere kufambira mberi pashure mushonga kutarisira. Naizvozvo, pamberi kubaya, nechirwere Guillain-Pazvibato zvechizarira urwere, zvakakodzera nokungwarira kuongorora zvose zvinobvira njodzi.

The mushonga hakutadzisi yomumuzongoza kukonzerwa nemamwe Micro-zvinenge uye utachiona, uyewo zvirwere zvinokonzerwa meningococcal serogroup B chirwere

In vanhu vane simba zvirwere uye vaya immunosuppressive kurapa kazhinji akaderedzwa zvirwere achipindura kwaita "Menaktra" majekiseni. A anodzivirira zvirwere mhinduro inogona vanowanika kwete varwere vose vari zvakafanana panguva 100%.

Pamberi kuuya kubaya Man playing kana chiremba anofanira kuudza varwere nezvengozi kana kubatsira kutungamirira majekiseni, uyewo zvingakonzerwa nemishonga.

Reviews kuti kubaya

Mupepa yakakwirira namakemikari kuchena, yakatsiga uye anosarudza refu masoja kudzivirirwa uye multivalency "Menaktra" (mushonga). Comments pamusoro inoculation ichi vainyanya akanaka.

Vanaamai vakawanda akaisa mushonga vana vavo vaduku, uye gare gare. Vanoti kuti zvakanaka akashivirira uye kashoma kunokonzera nenjodzi. Vamwe vana mumazuva okutanga pashure kubaya yaiitwa nokuwedzera kupisa muviri kubva 37,2 kusvika 40 ° C. Ainetseka pamusoro kunyanya kushatirwa, ungaderedza kudya. Doctors pakupindura vanaamai kufara nezvazvo achiti kuti ndozvakajairwa, uye kuti masoja kufarira kuti mushonga saka anofanira kuumbwa. Sezvineiwo, zviitiko zvakadaro zvakanga pfupi nguva, uye amai ndisisanetseki nokukurumidza nokuti mamiriro mwana wavo.

Uyewo, vanachiremba vari zano kupa mushonga, "Fenistil" kana zvimwe zvinodhaka pamusoro Kurwara. Adults vanowanzogara kushivirira zvakanaka, pasina migumisiro yakaipa.

Vamwe vanhu havanzwisisi, nei kuti kubaya yakadaro pasina chiremba wacho mushonga. Cherechedza kuti vaya vanogara Russia, iye angangotadza kubatsira, sezvo vanhu vakawanda vanova vachirwara yomumuzongoza, ndakawana chirwere ichi hachisi nokuda meningococcal serogroups A, C, Y, W-135, uye nokuda Kutamiswa zvirwere. Vanoti wakakura zvikuru chimiro yomumuzongoza riri meningococcal serogroup B, uye kubva kuna zvevakomana hapana mushonga.

Pasinei gakava, vanhu vazhinji vakaisa mushonga "Menakra" pachavo vavo nevana. Zvakaipa kubva zviri zvikuru zvisingawanzoitiki, asi kudzivirira munhu pamusoro meningococcal utachiona hwose. Izvi zvinosimbiswa akaponesa zviuru zvevanhu munyika yose.