Unoyeuka nei tichida chikero?

Kuti kukwanisa kushandisa pepa zvinhu, izvo chaizvoizvo havasi chaizvo "rokunyaradza" kukura, vanhu vava pakafunuka. Kutaura zvazviri, izvi inotsanangura nei paine chikero.

Kana zvezvaidzidziswa anotanga kuzarura pfungwa pakafunuka

Kokutanga vana tatarisana neshoko iri apo kudzidza mepu uye nzvimbo zvirongwa. Mudzidzisi anotsanangura sei pane chikero, zvinoratidza muenzaniso atlases. It akatsanangura kuti chero nenzvimbo chinhu yakakura kwazvo zvokuti mufananidzo ayo dzinongoitika kukura chichava zvakaoma uye kugadzikana. Vanhu kudhirowa nzvimbo mune akaderedza chimiro, asi hazvina kushandisa chero chaiwo pabonde. iye zvino musoro - uye mumwe nokuputsanya mutsetse inoratidzwa pamepu, vane saizi inogona kane imwe nhamba uye kuziva urefu wechokwadi uye upamhi.

Record pamwero: nzira kuverenga rokutanga

The chikero zvinoratidzwa nhamba mbiri rakanyorwa muura. Chokutanga digit anoreva divi iri chairema iri mufananidzo, wechipiri anoratidza sei zviumbu dzakawanda zvechokwadi mufananidzo anoenderana nhamba yokutanga. Somuenzaniso, kana dzimwe pfungwa Isa kutambudzwa 1: 1000, uye kukura chikwata vari kupiwa masendimita, ipapo mumwe sendimita ari mufananidzo unoenderana 1000 masendimita chaizvoizvo. Zvakaratidza kuti chii chinodiwa akamboona? Inogona kukubatsira kwete chete kuderedza yakananga zvinhu pamusoro graphical sandara, asi zvakarurama overenga zvavo chaiwo.

nzira The chechipiri kurekodha pamwero: zvikuru yakafanira?

The yapfuura nzira achinyora pamwero kubudikidza muura rinonzi nhamba. Asi panewo ainzi dzose. kupupura kwake sezvinotevera: 1 masendimita - 20 km. Zvakaratidza kuti nenzira iyi inogona kunyorwa pamwero yakabatana isiri huru kuti rirege unoratidzwa nhamba multiple zeros kana paiva ezvinhu apo unofanira tsanangurai rimwe sendimita mashoma zana makiromita. Muchiitiko ichi pakarepo pachena sei, chii uye nei. kupinda ichi zvikuru nzwisisa uye yakajeka.

Scaling ari drafting: pfungwa iri kuzadzikiswa zvidzidzo yapfuura

With pfungwa pakafunuka akamisidzana kwete jogirafi, asi kudzidza kwakadaro nyaya sezvo mufanidzo. Shandisa zvakafanana nhungamiro mifananidzo zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana. Asi pane suschstvennoe musiyano: pano pfungwa nei tichida pakafunuka iri kuwedzerwa nokuti rinogona kushandiswa kumirira maduku zvikamu kurei. The jogirafi Kutaura uku haasi kuenda, nekuti pane zvakawanda zvinhu zviduku mu jogirafi, aiva kudiwa kuwedzera navo. Makondinendi uye makomo, nzizi, uye nyanza dziri mhaka kupfuura bepa saizi machira ane A4 kana A1.

Kudzidza pamufananidzo, unogona kushandisa chikero kumirira munhu yakakura muchimiro duku mashoko, akadai bhaudhi kana sikuruu. Saka, nei tichifanira pakafunuka iyi? Chishandisei yamunenge kumiririra diki chinhu zvakajeka uye zvizere. Panyaya iyi, zvakasiyana rikaitika kurekodha: nhamba yokutanga mukuru wechipiri, uye kunyora 100: 1 icharira anenge sezvinotevera: 100 vamapoka mufananidzo arşive unoenderana imwe chairema chaiwo.

A shoma kugadzirisa mienzaniso

Sei ndichida chikero kuti zvinoratidza panyaya duku chinhu mufananidzo, iro akawana somugumisiro papepa? Zvakare, tine chaiyo reshiyo chifananidzo oudzame uye chechokwadi kukura chinhu. Ngatiyeukei chete kwakaita 100: 1. Zvakaratidza kuti millimeters zana nhamba imwe chete millimeter pamusoro chaiwo. Kana kufara dzimwe mufananidzo 500 millimeters, yakafara chairo millimeters 5 chete.

Kana tikayeuka nyaya yokutanga, chifananidzo pamusoro jira pane kopi guru chinhu, ndeyokuti 1: 100 Zvaizoreva kuti munhu millimeter ari nhamba rine 100 millimeters miganhu vechokwadi. Total, kana kureba chinhu chiri 80 mm ari mufananidzo kana mepu, chokwadi, chinhu kureba 8000 millimeters. Muenzaniso wakanaka sei tichida chikero uye mukana michina vanhu.

Chinhu chikuru kushandisa chikero - ichi inongova kuyeuka kuti nhamba yokutanga rinoreva mufananidzo, uye wechipiri - kusvikira chaiwo zvinhu. Kuti zvimwe kudzivisa kuvhiringidzika, nokuti nenzvimbo nheyo idzi muzvikoro kuitisa zvidzidzo zviri jogirafi, vana kanoverengeka kutsanangura uye ngaaverenge uwandu chaiye-nyika anoramba tichibatsirwa Atlas. Ndizvowo zvinoitika pasi mufanidzo zvidzidzo.

To muchidimbu

Nei kudiwa pakafunuka? Mhinduro yomubvunzo uyu ine zvinhu zvitatu kuti iwe chete vanofanira kuyeuka:

• Chokutanga - pakafunuka zvakakodzera kuti mufananidzo guru zvinhu panguva hwomutambarakede kuona pemvura.
• Wechipiri - pakafunuka aifanira kumirira zvinhu zviduku panguva hombe imwe saizi.
• Third - chikero chinodiwa kuti kukwanisa zvakarurama kuona chaiye kukura chinhu, zvisinei kwayo kwokutanga saizi, zviduku kana zvakakura.