Chii munhu genome

Panguva iyoyo, apo iwe verenga mashoko aya, kana kunwa wako mangwanani kofi, murinde TV kana hope soundly, akafuka saga, makombiyuta simba vari zvakanyatsorongwa unganidza uye systematize zvokuvakisa kwesayenzi, izvo panzvimbo yokutanga pakati tsvakurudzo ndiye genome kwevanhu.

Computers achitungamirirwa masayendisiti nhaka kwezvinhu vachinyatsoongorora Kuzvinyora makumi ezviuru majini zviri DNA kwevanhu. Maererano nezvakafanotaurwa masayendisiti kuti achaunganidzirwa uye akapinda kombiyuta zvose zvakafanira mashoko, zvichaita refu rive hwaro pakudzidza zvipenyu kwevanhu uye kwezvokurapa zvinangwa.

Masayendisiti vanotarisirawo kuti mushure genome dzevanhu kuti zvakazara deciphered, kuti vanhu kuchaita kuti kurapa, vanhu vanodzidza kuti kugadziridza kana kutsiviwa chakaremara magene.

Vanachiremba vanotarisirawo kuti mushure genome kwevanhu chichaitwa zvakazara kuongororwa sayenzi anodzidza nyore "verenga" izvozvo, unofanira kuona chizvarwa chitsva mishonga kuti zvichava nani, asi zviri chaizvo pakurwisa zvirwere uye kudzivisa navo.

Zvichida, ruzivo urwu inokupai chiremba kuongorora yenyu nemagene data, kusarudza pachine iyo zvinodhaka zvingava zvakakunakira.

Kuwedzera tarisiro zvakabayirwa mushonga, vamwe vanhu vanotaura kuti majini ouinjiniya ndiye munhu anokwanisa kupedza zhinji matambudziko evanhu. Munguva sezvo Second World War uye kusvika pakutanga kuma1990, masayendisiti vakaratidza kuti zvinokwanisika kuderedza nezvinetso zvamagariro, kuvandudza upfumi uye siyana nemasangano uye kuvandudza magariro evanhu. Zvisinei, mumakore apfuura zvinetso zvenzanga chakawedzera. Naizvozvo, vazhinji vanachiremba, evanhu uye venhau hypothesized kuti matambudziko aya anofanira kutsvaka ari majini. Nhasi, vamwe vanofunga kuti majini kupfuura kwezvakatipoteredza, kuchinja unhu wacho uye boka rose.

Uyewo, maererano vaongorori, kunyange dambudziko iri rinogona kugadziriswa nokupedza imwe bata DNA. Masayendisiti akakwanisa kaviri ya nokuvapo muchero enhunzi uye makonye, uye ivo nokutendeseka vanotenda kuti ichi chete unyanzvi anogona nokusingaperi kushandisirwa vanhu. Musoro chirongwa "Human Genome" akati: "Tinogona kutanga kufunga yokusafa munhu chokwadi."

"Ha - ha! - kuseka pakupedzisira mutsara Vatsoropodzi. - Enzanisa, zvakare: vamwe Nhunzi zvibereko uye makonye - uye kudaro yepamusoro ezvinhu, somunhu, "Zvakanaka, regai Vatsoropodzi kuseka, sei ikodzere !. Zvisinei, sezvo zvingaita sezvinoshamisa kuti munhu vachitsvaka mhinduro kumubvunzo sei majini akawanda vanhu, masayendisiti vakagumisa kuti nhamba yavo haisi zvikuru kupfuura nhamba majini iri nyore muviri akadai guru gonye. Kana isu kutaura zvakananga nezvazvo, pamusoro munhu ane 28,000 majini (ichi pachinzvimbo nokukosha 100 000 se dzaona masayendisiti, kutanga chirongwa).

Kunyange zvazvo nhasi mushonga unoshandiswa zvikuru genetics sainzi nokuda kwezvinangwa zvavo. Somuenzaniso, pane nzira rakajairika yokugara yokuedzwa embryo kwevanhu, iro atoshandisa kubva kuma1960.

Nokuti pachisara chiremba inoisa munhu sirinji tsono kupinda dumbu rwomukadzi nepamuviri kuburikidza dumbu bhatani uye anotora nzwisa Líquido amniótico. Zvadaro, mvura iyi icho kuti tizive kana mudumbu rine chakakomba magene nyonganyonga.

Izvi zvachose sezvisingakuvadzi kuti moms yemberi, uye vana vake nzira anokwanisa kudzivirira kutyorwa kwakadaro kukura mudumbu, sezvo pave Down kuti urwere kana chinonzi spina bifida.

Zvisinei, havasi vose yakawanikwa abnormalities mune fetus wemishonga ano anogona kubvisa. Kazhinji, unogona kungoti kuita tsaona mutongo: "! It inoda kubvisa pamuviri"

Saka kuitira kudzidza kwete kuuraya asati aberekwa murwere murume, uye kugadziridza kukura kwayo vachiri Danho, kubvisa kuchinja zvisingadiwi kuti mudumbu kuburikidza kuvabereki engineering, uye masayendisiti vari kuedza kugadzirisa chakavanzika womunhu genome.