Copper nitrate: quantitative uye Qualitative unhu

Shoko rokuti "nitrate" zvinoreva munyu kemisitiri inozivikanwa nitric acid, iyo unotora munhu isakarurama mhosva chikamu NO3. In mineralogy uye kurima achiri chaizvo unowanzoshandiswa dzimwe nitrates rokuti - "nitrate", asi pano riri zvishoma nezvishoma yatsiviwa zita nesayenzi zvikuru kwakarurama.

Kufunga chinokosha zvemakemikari ehupfumi ose nitrates, ndiko, pakutanga kwezvose, cherechedza kuti vari inoumbwa zvokuverengera nitric asidhi pamwe oxides, munyu uye, kazhinji, pamwe simbi. At kamuri tembiricha mamiriro substantially nitrates zvose zvikuru nemishonga, asi apo tembiricha inokwira kusvika 200-6000 ° C, vanotanga vazvinyause, zvishoma nezvishoma decomposing kupinda zvinoriumba.

Zviya, chii chii zvinhu anoora nitrates, zvinogona kutongwa chii nzvimbo vane muna electrochemical munhevedzano kunetseka simbi. Zvikurukuru, vose nitrates, akabata manyowa kubudisa nitrites uye okisijeni mamorekuru, ane simbi dziri kuruboshwe kuti magnesium (semuenzaniso, lithium, barium, aruminiyamu, cobalt). nitrates avo, izvo anoora kuumbika senitrogen oxides uye simbi, uye okisijeni iri electrochemical akatevedzana vari kurongwa penguva kubva magnesium kuti mhangura.

Copper nitrate haazvibati neimwe nzira: yakachena panguva yayo manyowa asina kusunungurwa, uye chakaumbwa bivalent mhangura oxide uye senitrogen dioxide. Uye, somuenzaniso, mhinduro esirivha nitrate anoora panguva tembiricha kuti "wakarurama" 1700 ° C, rinosimbisa kwete chete okisijeni wakachena kuti tetravalent senitrogen oxide, asiwo zvakananga sirivha Morekuru.

Uyewo kucherechedza ndechokuti zvachose vose nitrate ane simba oxidant, uye chiri yakasimba ezvinhu. Asi mhinduro vanorasikirwa zvavo oxidative ehupfumi, akasiyana nawo kubva chete nitric acid.

Nechekare kare vanhu vakaona kuti nitric iine acid munyu uye, kupfuura zvose, nitrates changa fetiraiza, izvo anokwanisa rokudzorera hwevhu. Gare gare, chikuru chikamu nitrate rakashandiswa kusika zvinoputika uye zvinodhaka.

A rinokosha runobva pakati nitrates emhangura nitrate.

Copper nitrate (cu (NO3) 2) chinomiririra kunzwisisa inorganic fuma dzavo nemamiriro kwemakemikari zvivako chokuita munyu emhangura uye nitric acid. The ehupfumi emhangura nitrate muviri yakasimba ine sekristaro yekamuri, tsime soluble mumvura uye dzimwe mhinduro dzakawanda (semuenzaniso, panyaya iyi, mvura amoniya, ethyl acetate). Panguva iyoyo sezvo zvimwe munyu pamusoro nitric acid, mhangura nitrate absorbs mwando yokuumba yakananga sekristaro yerima yebhuruu ruvara, iro vakapararira mumhepo rurefu hama mwando.

Chemical ehupfumi of nitrate chokuita, kune rumwe rutivi, kuti matadza guru yemhangura - kugara uye zvakaenzana 64 g / mol, uye mumwe - vachikwanisa hwemhangura nitrate yekubata mwando, nokudaro rinochinja uye zita raro (nitrate - trihydrate - hexahydrate), uye avo zvivako. Saka, Somuenzaniso, anhydrous mhangura hydrate iri yaora panguva tembiricha kuti 1700 ° C uye trihydrate - kunyange pane 1200 ° C.

Matadza guru mhangura kunokoshawo kuti nzira huru chokuwana anhydrous mhangura nitrate ndiyo kwetunhu mamorekuru emhangura uye tetravalent oxide nemhangura. Zvinofanira kurangarirwa kuti mhangura nitrate ari nani chepfu fuma, saka kwayo kugadzirwa uye okuchengetera zvinofanira maererano ose dzinokosha zvinodiwa vakachengeteka mitemo. Zvikurukuru, zvakakodzera kutya kuti fuma iyi haana asvika mucous membranes kana ganda munhu, sezvo iyi, pane kugumbuka, izvo zvinogona kukonzera zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana.

Zviya, anenge ose nitrates kukonzera izvi kana zvimwe maronda ganda. Somuenzaniso, ndiye sirivha nitrate mhinduro neVadzidzi ganda kwevanhu hunokonzera chimiro mavara matema, uye kana kuchengeta refu zvakakwana, anogona kuguma pakutsva.