Kupi mabhakitiriya anogona kurarama? mabhakitiriya dzinogarisana

Nemaziso zvinenge, zvikuru minuscule panyika, zvikuru zvakawanda vagere panyika - utachiona. Izvi munhu, zvinenge, zvinoshamisa, kukonzera mubereko sayenzi kubvira pakatanga vakawanda kukudza chinhu (maikorosikopu), vakanga pakupedzisira kuonekwa nevanhu. Asati izvi zvakaitika dzidziso mabhakitiriya muvanhu, zvinogona kunzi, "pasi mhino", asi havana munhu akateerera. Uye pasina!

The kare chakangomuka

Ndivo Vagari vakawanda vekare redu. Dzakaita makore dzichipiwa dzinogarisana mabhakitiriya - Nyika. Utachiona vaiva pano vokutanga kubva zvipenyu, maererano mamwe masayendisiti, anenge matatu uye makore mabhiriyoni hafu akapfuura (nokuti kuenzanisa: ari makore Pasi riri vanenge mabhiriyoni mana). Kureva, nehasha kutaura, zera utachiona rakafanana makore yakapoteredza muzvarirwo. Zviya, nhoroondo inozivikanwa vanhu ane makumi chete mashomanana zvemakore. Pano tiri "vaduku" zvichienzaniswa tusingaoneki izvi.

Most diki uye vakawanda

Mabhakitiriya zvakare vashoma zvose anozivikanwa vamiriri mhuka. Chokwadi kuti masero zvinenge zvose zvipenyu vane nehasha zvakafanana miganhu. Asi kwete kwemabhakitiriya masero. masero Avhareji kwemabhakitiriya anenge gumi nguva duku pane paavhareji muchitokisi, zvakadai somunhu. Nemhaka iyi duku, vari zvakare kupfuura vakawanda vaigara. Zvinozivikanwa kuti ivhu aggregates, inogarwa utachiona kuti zvinogonawo nhamba vagari sezvo Somuenzaniso, vanhu vari munyika dzose European.

kutsungirira

Nature, asika utachiona kuti paakapiwa mukati kwavari kumahombekombe hombe, yekudyidzana kupfuura dzimwe kutsungirira fauna of. Sezvo "zvakadzama kare" Panyika zvakaitika njodzi zhinji, uye utachiona vakadzidza kutsungirira. Kunyange nhasi, utachiona zvakatipoteredza mupenyu saka siyana, izvozvo igomba kufarira zvidukuduku. Tusingaoneki anogona dzimwe nguva kuwanikwa munzvimbo Zvechokwadi hapana zvimwe zvisikwa havagoni kugara.

Kupi mabhakitiriya anogona kurarama

Somuenzaniso, muna kufashaira mvura geysers, apo tembiricha mvura inogona kusvika anenge zana madhigirii kupfuura razero. Kana - mukudhinda madziva mafuta, uyewo kukodzera kuti upenyu acidic makungwa, apo hove kana zvimwe mhuka zvaizoramba pakarepo ichiputswa, - ndipo mabhakitiriya anogona kurarama.

Masayendisiti zvinoratidza kuti dzimwe mhando mabhakitiriya anogona kuvapo kunyange muchadenga! Zviya, yakavakirwa mashoko aya mumwe shanduro vepasi zvinhu zvipenyu, dzidziso matangiro akaita upenyu panyika.

kusawirirana

Kuti titsungirire ezvinhu yaivhuvhuta zvakadaro, mamwe mabhakitiriya zvinoumba spores. Tinogona kutaura kuti izvi ndizvo chaizvo, akarara, wakazorora mhando. Asati nokuumba spores, bacteria anotanga aome, achibvisa mvura kubva pacharo. It ipfupi kukura, apo kuramba mukati ayo goko, akafukidza zvimwe chete goko - waidzivirira. Zvazvakadaro, ari microorganism anogona kuva refu chaizvo nguva, nenzira yakadaro sokuti "vakamirira panze" nguva dzakaoma. Zvadaro, zvichienderana zvakatipoteredza yavanogara bacteria - noushamwari kana kwete - vanogona idzva kugona kwavo kuti vararame zvakazara. Izvi nemano yakasiyana kurarama mu yaivhuvhuta ezvinhu vainyatsoongorora nemasayendisiti, microbiologists.

ubiquitous

Kuti mubvunzo "apo utachiona mhenyu" inogona akapindura chaizvo nyore: "Anenge kwose kwose," aiti, dzakatikomberedza uye matiri, mumhepo, ivhu, mvura. Uye mumwe munhu kuuya zuva neZvapupu mune vadzidzisi zvuru gumi zvisikwa, pasina kunzwa nayo. Pakati pavo vane utachiona pathogenic uye mikana. Pane zvikuru njodzi nokuda dzemuviri.

muvhu

Muvhu, apo utachiona kurarama, ivo yaiva nhamba mukurusa. Pano pane zvinovaka muviri zvinodiwa kuti upenyu, uye Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri huwandu mvura, hapana zvakananga chezuva. Vazhinji mabhakitiriya izvi - saprophytes. Ivo vanobatanidzwa mune paumbwe rakaorera chikamu ivhu (manyowa). Zvisinei, pano, munewo utachiona: Utachiona tetenasi, zvanga zvine utachiona uhu, gasi neronda rinonyenga nezvimwe zvirwere. Ipapo kuchafumurwa kuti mhepo uye mvura, zvadaro yekutapurira munhu zvirwere izvi.

Saka, pomutumwa tetenasi bacillus nani guru, anopinda muviri ivhu pane zvakasiyana-siyana ganda maronda uye replicates mu anaerobic (okisijeni isina) ezvinhu.

In mvura

Kunyange apo mabhakitiriya anogona kurarama, saka zviri munzvimbo aqueous ezvinhu. Pano vanouya, kana vashamba kure ivhu uye eko anoguma mumvura. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, nenzira, ari chitubu mvura ndoda utachiona kupfuura-pasi. A mvura bani kubva nyanza kana rwizi anogona kuva svikiro apo utachiona kurarama, isa kupararira kwezvirwere zvakawanda ngozi: fivha, korera, manyoka, uye nevamwe. Somuenzaniso, manyoka kunokonzerwa Shigella mabhakitiriya mhando uye muviri pamwe zvikuru kudhaka, gastrointestinal maronda.

Mumhepo,

Mudenga, apo vanogona kurarama utachiona, vanoita kunyange muvhu. Zvomumhepo chinhu zvenguva danho iri yokutama zvigare, saka haagoni kuva - nokuti kushaya zvokudya zvinovaka muviri uye kushaya mwando - yechigarire dzinogarisana kuti utachiona. Utachiona kupinda mhepo neguruva, nemaziso mumate mvura, asi zvino - agadzirise pakupedzisira, pasi. Zvisinei, munzvimbo dzine vanhu vakawanda munzvimbo - huru mumaguta Somuenzaniso - nhamba zvigare zviri mumhepo zvinogona guru, kunyanya muzhizha. Uye mhepo pachayo inogona svikiro apo kurarama utachiona, zvose zvamarudzi ose zvirwere. Vamwe vavo: diphtheria, whooping chikosoro. Uyewo tibhii kunokonzerwa tubercle bacillus.

por capita

On ganda yevanhu siyana zvikuru zvigare. Asi vari vanoiswa anoparadzirwa mhiri ndege. Pane utachiona "kufarira" nzvimbo, asi kune dzimwe nzvimbo chakatodzana renje yakanyarara. Uye, maererano masayendisiti, ruzhinji Micro-zvipenyu kurarama paganda vanhu vasiri kwakaipa. Mukupesana, yavanobata rokudzivirira mashandiro mutsa vanhu kubva tupukanana kuti inokurukurwa ngozi. Zvinonzi nesayenzi nekusimba kuti kunyanya kusabereka uye kuchena - kwete zvakanaka (Chokwadi, zviri nyore nemitemo utsanana haina akadzima). Wavaduku mabhakitiriya zvose munhu shure auricles. The chikuru chitsama - pamusoro emberi (apo vakanga kusvika 45 marudzi). A yakawanda mabhakitiriya anogara mucous membranes, vanonzi nzvimbo nyoro apo vanonzwa vakasununguka kwazvo. In rakaoma (yemichindwe, magaro) - zvinhu chokuvapo haisi zvachose akakodzera tusingaoneki.

mukati medu

Maererano vanachiremba, microbiologists, mune vanhu dumbu musha anenge matatu makirogiramu mabhakitiriya! Asi mashoko nenhamba - hondo huru nayo kuti vaverengwe. Zvisinei, utachiona - ngwara vavakidzani. Unorema yokugara iri muviri womunhu (uye vamwe mhuka) - anobatsira nekuita rugare munharaunda ne "vanatenzi". Vamwe - kubatsira kugaya. Vamwe - kuita kuchengeteka Mabasa: somugumisiro zviito zvavo Utachiona kana vanoedza kuwana pakarepo kuparadzwa vaipomerwa munharaunda. 99% yevanhu - Bifidobacterium uye Bacteroides. A enterococci, E. coli (ndiro conditionally pathogenic) lactobacillus - kubva munenge 1 kusvika 10%. Vari pasi yaivhuvhuta ezvinhu angaita akasiyana-siyana zvirwere, asi muvanhu utano mabasa anobatsira mabasa. Achiripo kurarama notumwe siyana uye staphylococci, iro rinogona kuva pathogenic. Asi kunyanya nemudumbu pane bacteriological nepakati, kufanana hunhu akaronga kuti inotsigira utano hwevanhu panguva yakakodzera chechetere. A utachiona panguva kumbonyanya yakakwirira kutapata haagoni pinda uye kukuvadza.