Ural malachite: marongero, nhoroondo yehove

Nezve malachite anoziva, zvichida, munhu wose anoverenga muhupenyu hwehuduku hwaPavel Bazhov pamusoro pemwene weCopper Mountain, iyo yaiva yehupfumi hwose hweUral hwakavanzwa pasi. Nhoroondo yose yechinhu ichi inoumbwa nezviitiko zvisinganzwisisiki. Munguva dzekare, vanhu vaidavira kuti malachite inotakura simba reChenyika kuNyika. Iri dombo rinosanganiswa nenhamba yakawanda yezvitendero uye nhoroondo, somuenzaniso, kuti zvinogona kuita kuti munhu asaoneke. Yaitenda kuti Urals malachite inogona kuzadzisa zvido!

Zita rokuti "malachite": kubva

Midzi yeshoko rokuti "malachite" inoenda mutauro wechiGiriki. Pane maBhaibheri maviri ekududzirwa kwezita iri. Maererano neumwe, vaGiriki vaidana kuti ibwe nekuda kwemuvara wayo wakawanda - μολόχα - "green flower". Imwe shanduro inoti zita racho rakauya kubva pashoko rokuti μαλακός - "soft".

Uye zvechokwadi, malachite inoratidzirwa nehupfumi hwayo, haina kusimba kune dzimwe nyika. Jewelers vanoti iyo chaiyo Ural malachite iri kurasikirwa nemuvara wayo uye inopera, kunyange iyo inongogara guruva! Zvinonzwisiswa kuti unyoro hwemaminiti aya hunogona kuchinja. Mushure mezvose, malachite inonyatsopisa uye yakaputika.

Colors characteristic of malachite

Iyo mineral ine muvara wakaisvonaka. Muzvisikwa, unogona kuwana zvitatu zvinokosha: ruvara-ruvara, ruvara rwegorosi uye rinenge rusina ruvara. Zvisinei, kune zvionekwe zvakasiyana-siyana, ruvara rwavo rwakasiyana kubva kune turquoise kusvika emerald.

Nhoroondo yebwe

Dangwe rekuchite marchite rakawanikwa muIraq 10.5 zviuru zvemakore apfuura. Uye muIsrael, zvikwata zvakawanikwa kubva ku malachite, ane makore ane mapfumbamwe. MuRoma yekare, malachite yakashandiswa kuita zvinyengeri uye zvinyengeri. Iyi mineral yakakurumbira zvikuru muChina neIndia. Mukuwedzera, yakashandiswa pakugadzirwa kwepende, iyo kwenguva yakareba haina kurasikirwa nekupenya kwayo. Uchapupu hweiyo ibwiro reharahara. Uye humwe hwakanaka kubva kuEkare yeEgypt kubva pamakisi ekakiti yakaita mithunzi yemajeri.

Ural malachite: nhoroondo yekubata hove muRussia

Kusvikira muzana remakore rechigumi nemana, malachite yakangowanikwa mune zviduku zvishoma. Iyi mineral yakave yakakurumbira chete mushure mekuvandudzwa kweUral deposits yakatanga muRussia. Vaiva vafambisi vechiRussia vaikwanisa kuwana mabheji emaminera akayera mazana masere matani. Asi iyo yakanyanya kubhiti yaiva nechiremera chematare mazana maviri. Akaiwana muna 1835.

Imwe yokutanga yemarita yakawanikwa muzana remakore rechi18. Inonzi Gumeshevskoe uye inowanikwa pane zvitubu zveRwizi Chusovaya. Kutenda kumusana wezvangu muRussia, kugadzirwa kwezvishongo zviduku zvakatanga. Rings uye mabheji, mhete nemhete - dombo reUral malachite raiwanzoshandiswa pamwe nemamwe mabwe, kakawanda anokosha.

Kubudirira kwekubata hove kwakatanga mushure mekuwanikwa kwemunda weMednorudnya. Yakanga iri iyo iyo nzira yakasiyana-siyana yekuita michina kubva padombo iri yakaonekwa, iyo yainzi mavara eRussia. Vane nyanzvi yemabwe akacheka mabwe akavezwa marombo pamahwendefa e-thinnest, akasarudzwa mararamiro uye akasungirirwa kusvika pasi. Zvadaro nzira yekugaya yakatanga. Vatongi veRussia vakasika zvinhu zvakadai zveUral kubva kune malachite, kuti hapana anocherechedza angatombova nechokwadi nehutano hwezvigadzirwa.

Nzvimbo dzeUral malachite dzakanga dzakapfuma zvokuti vamwe vatenzi vaikwanisika kugadzirisa kubata iyi mineral. Kune zviitiko apo malachite crumb, iyo iyo masters vakaramba kushanda, yakazadza matangi muatongwa. Nhasi, kuwedzera uku kunoratidzika sehupenzi hwechokwadi, nokuti kunyange zviduku zviduku zvinoshamisa chishamiso.

Gore ra1726 rakaratidzwa nekuti musangano wokutanga wekugadzirisa malachite wakaonekwa muUrials. Uye muna 1765 nemurairo waChristine I wekutanga fekitari yeUral malachite - yeEkaterinburg lapidary factory yakavhurwa. Yaivawo yakaoma kunzwisisa kwekubviswa uye kugadziriswa kwebwe iri, iyo nzvimbo yebhizimisi yekuveza mabwe uye chikoro chekudzidzisa kwezvizvarwa zvakawanda zvevatenzi.

Kuzivikanwa kwemaminera

Iri dombo rakava hukomba hwedzimba dzeRussia neEurope. Yakashandiswa kunyange kutarisana nemakamuri, somuenzaniso muimba yeMalachite ye Winter Palace. Zvakaoma kurondedzera zvakakosha kukosha kwechimiro chechimiro chechivakwa cheRussia. Mifananidzo yakasarudzwa nenzira yakachenjera kuti majoi pakati peplate haakwanisi zvachose kuona. Misoro yeSt. Isaac's Cathedral yakashongedzwa nemaraki. Mumakamuri evanhu vapfumi, munhu anogona kuwana zvinhu zvakadai sevasi kubva kuMugal malachite, maawa, shangu-mabhokisi, makaskiti uye kunyange moto uye mapikisi anobva kune ino mineral.

Nenzira iyo, panguva iyoyo yaive yakasikisa kutora samples inofadza yemaminerari akasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira malachite. Kuziva kunyange kukwikwidzana pakati pavo. Zita remuridzi weiyo rakanakisisa rakaunganidzwa rakagamuchirwa zvakakodzera naMempress Catherine II.

Types of malachite

Iko kune marudzi maviri eUral malachite - plious and turquoise. Plate malachite yakaoma, uye naizvozvo yakaipa inogona kurapwa. Haisi kushandiswa kugadzira zvishongo. Kazhinji kazhinji izvi zvipenyu zvinofarira masayendisiti emaminerari. Vavengi uye vanyunyuti vanounganidza sampuli yeiyi mineral. Iyo inowanikwa yakawanda ye malachite ndiyo turquoise. Chimiro chayo chakasiyana: cheaint pattern inogadzira zvinyorwa zvisinganzwisisiki uye denderedzwa. Zvisikwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvemavara zvakasvibirirwa zvinokosheswa nevatori uye jewelers.

Kuguma kwema malachite era

Pakupera kwezana remakore rechina, iyi mineral inonaka yakawanikwa kwete kwete chete kune vanhu vakapfuma, asiwo kune vanokudzwa. Kukwikwidza kwenhamba yemaraki zvinhu mumisha zvanyarara, maminera haatomboshandisi mukati. Shandisa malachite steel for the fabric of paint, which covered the roofs of houses.

Kuchinja kwema1917 kwakatungamirira kukuti kubudiswa kwebwe kwakaderera. Izvi zvakaitika nekuda kwekuti mbiri mbiri-Mednorudnyanskoe naGumeshevskoye - dzakanyanya kupera. Pakupera kwezana remakore rechina, Gumeshevskaya mami yakazara nemvura. Saka ikozvino nzvimbo ino inoshanyira chete nemagumo. Mednorudnyanskoe mari imwechete ichiri kushanda, chete mhangura inodzwa pano, kwete malachite. Nhasi, Ural malachite zvinenge zvisingaitiki, uye naizvozvo zvakanyanya uye zvakawedzerwa.

Malachite case nhasi

Iyo mihombe haisi yega bedzi munyika umo marigheti emarikiti akawanikwa. Kubudirira kuri kuitwawo munharaunda yeAltai. Nenzira, pane dzimwe nguva kune samples reAltaic malachite, iyo inotaridzika uye zvinyorwa zvezvindori zvinowanzosiyana nezvisarudzo zveUral mineral. Mutungamiri wemazuva ano mukugovera malachite ndiyo Republic of the Congo. Malachite, inofungidzirwa pano, inopesana neUrals nemufananidzo unoshandiswa nematanda. Minerals inobviswa muUnited States, Chile, Australia, France uye Cuba. Zvisinei, matombo akafukidzwa mumigodhi iyi yakawanda kwazvo muhupenyu hwavo hwekunze kuUrals malachite.

Ko malachite ine ramangwana muUrials here?

Nyanzvi dzakasimbisa kuti nzvimbo dzose dzepanyika dzeMalachite dzinogona kuonekwa kune imwecheteyo, uye kuonekwa kwemaminerari neokonodidzwa ye zonal yemhangura ores inosanganiswa. Iko ndiko, mukana wokuti mitsva inoshandiswa ye malachite inogona kuwanikwa muUrials yakanyanya kwazvo.

Kwemakore anoverengeka, Grigory Nikolayevich Vertushkov, purofesa paYunivhesiti yeSverdlovsk, ari kutora mashoko ekuunganidza mashoko akafanana nenzira yakabatana nemhangura uye malachite. Anonyatsoziva kuti vatsvakurudzi vakanga vakanganisa uye chaizvoizvo dzimba dzeUral mines hazvina kupera. Grigory Nikolaevich anotaura kuti nzvimbo dzakadzika dzekuchengetedzwa kwemaminiti aya asina kukodzera hazvibati pamabhokisi maviri.

Izvozvo zvakakurumbira zvinowanikwa kubva ku malachite

IkoMalachite Hall inotaurwa pamusoro apa inongochengeterwa zvinhu kubva kune iyi mineral. Pano iwe unogona kuona vases nematafura, ndiro nemikoroni. Izvo zvose zvakatora mazana mazana maviri (nenzira, 1 podha 16.38 kg). Zvinenge zvese zvinogadzirwa pano zvakagadzirwa nemutauro we "Russian mosaic". 1500 mapepa emaraki aidiwa kuitira kutarisana kwemazamu echechi yeSt. Petersburg huru yeOrthodox - St. Isaac's Cathedral.

Muimba yamambo yePitti, iri muFlorence, pane tafura yemalakiti, yakachengetedzwa kubvira pakakwirira kwekambani ye malachite muRussia. Nokuda kwekuratidzwa kweLondon muna 1851 chimwe chinhu chinoshamisa chezvinhu zvakagadzirwa: mikova, matafura uye zvigaro, maawa ezasi, zviputi uye nzvimbo yepando.

Ndivanaani vanofanira kupfeka zvigadzirwa zve malachite

Ndiani angashandisa Ural malachite? Zvishongo kubva kune iyi venyeredzi venyeredzi vanopa mazano ekupfeka vamiririri vezviratidzo zvakadaro zvezodhiyo seCapricorn, Libra, Scorpio uye Taurus. Malachite inosangana nevanhu vekugadzira mabasa. Kubatsirwa kwedombo iri kuchaunza vanyori, artists, artists. Kune vakadzi, malachite inobatsira kuchengeta vechidiki nekukwezva kwenguva yakareba.

Nzira yekusiyanisa sei malachite kubva kune fake?

IUral malachite, iyo mifananidzo yawakatoona, inozivikanwa kwazvo, uye naizvozvo iyo yakagadzirwa nemifananidzo yakaonekwa pamusika. Kugadzira fake, plastiki uye girazi zvinoshandiswa.

Nzira yekusiyanisa dombo rechisiki kubva pane chakaipa?

• Iyi malachite inonzwa yakanakira kumubata. Kutevedzera kubva purasitiki kunodziya.
• Dombo rakagadzirwa girazi rinoratidzirwa nehupo hwekuonekwa pachena pahupamusoro.
• Imitations, iyo inogadzirwa pamusoro pemamwe mabwe nekuwedzera kwemasvingo nemavhinish, inokwanisa kusiyaniswa kubva kune dombo rechisiki nekuderedza ammonia pavari: malachite ichawana ruvara rwebhuruu, uye ichocho chisina kuchinja.
• Iwe unogona kusiyanisa chaiyo Ural malachite kubva kunonyengedza nevhiniga kana juisi. Ichokwadi, pamusoro pebwe rechisiki mushure mokunge cheki yakadaro inotanga kubuda.

Kuita zvemashiripiti nekuporesa zvinhu zveUral malachite

Kugovera huni hwemigodhi nemashiripiti nzvimbo yakatanga muMiddle Ages. Zvikamu zviduku zvemaratikiti zvakasimirirwa pamucheche wechicheche, vachifunga kuti vaizodzinga mweya yakaipa uye mwana aizorara murugare. Kuti adzivirire munhu mukuru, malachite yakave yakanyorwa, kazhinji nenzira yezuva.

Zvaitendwa kuti malachite - mubatsiri akanaka mumitambo yorudo. Akanga achinyanya kutaurwa muurombo-ruzivo uye mabhuku emashiripiti senzira yekukwezva nekuchengeta rudo. Vanorapa vararamiro nerubatsiro rwema malachite ruchirwadza uye zvirwere zveganda, chirwere chemafi uye migraines.