Vavariro huru lyric Pushkin. Themes uye vavariro nhetembo pamusoro Pushkin

Aleksandr Sergeevich Pushkin - nyika-mbiri nyanduri, novelist, munyori wenyaya, munyori wemitambo uye mabhuku mutsoropodzi - akaburuka munhau kwete chete sezvo muvambi asingakanganwiki mabasa, asi sezvo muvambi wokuRussia mutauro mutsva chaiko. At kungotaura Pushkin pakarepo anosimudza mufananidzo Russian mudetembi National zvetsika. Nyanduri Pushkin - ane pose vakaziva shasha, mabasa ake akasiyana duramazwi, mufananidzo wenhetembo ake rakafara zvachose akasiyana, nyama uye dzouzivi zvinoriumba kudzika ake nhetembo rinopamura uye excites vaverengi vemarudzi ose uye kumarudzi namarudzi. Asi zvisinei, sezvarinokodzera kutarisirwa chaizvo mashoko orwiyo Pushkin, vane pakawanda uye mufananidzo saka kure kudzidza kwete zvakazara.

Yeshoko mashoko orwiyo Pushkin

Lyrics of Pushkin - ndiwo enhetembo Biography ake uye kufanana ichi chokusika rondedzero zuva uye upenyu hwomudzimu nguva idzodzo kure. The War of 1812-ndipo uye kumukira Decembrists 1825, serfdom uye zviroto pamusoro "rusununguko dzvene", vadiwa, shamwari uye vavengi, "nguva dzakanaka" upenyu uye kusuruvara uye "kusuruvara kare mazuva" - aya nguva dzose kuwanikwa akanyorwa hunoratidzwa Pushkin kuti ndima tsamba, elegies, enhetembo ngano, nziyo, epigrams. Uye zvose Misoro izvi uye motifs ose Pushkin rwacho saka zvakakwana akakodzera mubatanidzwa nomunyori, kuti haafungi zvishoma makakatanwa kana dissonance ari kuverenga mabasa ake. Zviri usingarondedzereki yomukati kubatana Pushkin kuti nhetembo zvikuru zvakarurama uye kunyatsotaura rinotsanangurwa Belinsky: "The yose lyrical pakubika uye mimwe nhetembo ose Pushkin - yomukati dzevanhu runako uye vanhu, kuti rematsutso mweya."

Dzorudo pamusoro Pushkin

Dzorudo pamusoro Pushkin hunzi "enisaikoropidhiya rudo nazvo." It rinokwana zvakawanda manzwiro: kubva akanaka uye zvinonakidza kubvira pakutanga kushanyira vanotya kuti kukangaidzika kwakakwana uye kusurukirwa rakaparadza kuchiva mweya. Rudo mashoko orwiyo Pushkin yakasiyana chaizvo. Kuti kunzwa akakwana, izvo kunokwidziridza mweya munhu, uye chete anongoitika chitandadzo, izvo pakarepo rinowanika, asi sezvaakanga nokukurumidza kupfuura, uye vira chido, achiperekedzwa pandinotsamwirwa negodo uye noruvengo. Vavariro huru lyric Pushkin rudo dingindira - rudo nyore, mukuru uye akachenjera kunzwa, chido, godo uye marwadzo, vakakuvadza uye kuora mwoyo.

Nhetembo "Ndinoyeuka chaizvo nguva ..."

Dzinozivikanwa nhetembo Pushkin "Ndinoyeuka chaizvo nguva ..." munyori akanyora bhuku nguva iri Mikhailovsky. Mashoko aya akataurwa kuna Anna Petrovna Kern. Pushkin akamuona kokutanga muSt Petersburg muna 1819 uye akatakurirwa napo. Makore matanhatu gare gare, akasangana naye zvakare panguva vavakidzani, landlords Trigorskoe musha apo Anna akauya kuzoshanyira tete vake. Kunzwa rudo mweya nyanduri wacho rakamuka nesimba rakawedzerwa. Ndisati ndabva Anna pamwe Trigorskoe Pushkin akamupa akapeta piece notepaper mana. Kuzarurwa nayo, Anna akaona wokufananidzira mitsetse, iyo gare gare achava Nyanzvi wokuRussia nhetembo uye nokusingaperi nokukudza zita rake.

The compositional nemamiriro nhetembo

Lyrical dingindira zvinoratidza dzinokosha oupenyu kwawakabva noukama Pushkin uye Kern, pano Nde chinangwa ndangariro iri mashoko orwiyo Pushkin. Compositionally detembo rakakamurwa zvitatu vakaparadzana pamusoro wayo kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro zvinoriumba zvikamu. Mumwe nomumwe wavo, uyewo, ine quatrains zviviri - quatrains akaenzana. Chikamu lyrical gamba wokutanga anoyeuka "inoshamisa nguva" kana akaona mukadzi akanaka uye kudanana nokusingaperi. In wechipiri akarondedzera makore yokunatsa - iri "kwete mwari uye hapana nehasha." Wechitatu - musangano idzva pavadikani, itsva yatanga pfungwa umo "uye mwari, uye kurudziro, uye upenyu, uye misodzi, uye rudo." Nokuti rudo lyric nhetembo gamba - ichi chishamiso wechokwadi, chizaruro naMwari. Ndiyo nzira ainzwa mudetembi Pushkin mumazuva iwayo, kwaiva kunzwa iyi vaigara mairi zvino, uye akararama asina kumbotarisa shure.

Nhetembo "ndakakudaiwo ..."

Imwe nhetembo yake yakakurumbira, "Ndakada iwe ..." Pushkin akanyora muna 1829 pamwe chete zvayo mumwe Nyanzvi - "Chii chiri zita ..?". Pakutanga, basa rakanga rakanyorwa album Carolina Sobanskaya, umo mudetembi refu uye tariro norudo. The kuzivikanwa ndima, "ndakakudaiwo ..." ndechokuti lyrical pfungwa zviri kufambiswa zvokuita nemashoko mashoma ichiti zvikuru, aphoristic asi zvinoshamisa uye zvakasimba. Nhetembo iri anenge asina madimikira, zvakavanzika mifananidzo, polysyllabic, achicheka nzeve epithets kuti kazhinji vanyanduri ari nguva vanoratidzwa manzwiro ake pamusoro wake waaida. Zvisinei, mufananidzo rudo unovapo pamberi muverengi zviri akarongwa nhetembo, azere nemashiripiti runako nhetembo, kujairika chiedza kusuruvara. The ndopakaperawo basa, kuratidza dzinokosha motifs pakati Pushkin kuti nhetembo mune rudo dingindira, muri vaviri okupedzisira mitsetse. In pavo nyanduri haaiti rinongotaura kuti "akada kudaro pachokwadi, saka zvinyoronyoro," asi anodawo anonamatwa achikudza yake kare mufaro nemashoko matsva mashoko vakasarudzwa, "sei Mwari ngaandidzivise kuti anodiwa."

Landscape nhetembo kuti Pushkin

Nature yagara iri hariperi tsime rakafuridzirwa nokuda Pushkin. In nhetembo ake airatidza mifananidzo yakawanda mifananidzo zvakasikwa uye zvinhu, dzakasiyana pagore, iyo mudetembi kupfuura aida matsutso. Pushkin akazviratidza inyanzvi nzvimbo mashoko, muimbi nharaunda Russian, picturesque makona Crimea uye Caucasus wechokwadi. Huru yemisoro, motifs kuti Pushkin kuti nhetembo nguva dzose, pane nzira imwe kana mumwe, "rakasungirwa" pamwe yakapoteredza zvakasikwa. Akafunga nyanduri sezvo yakazvimirira aesthetic mutengo, izvo kuyemurika asi ruzhinji nzvimbo nhetembo ose Pushkin zvakavakwa muchimiro tikaenzanisa mifananidzo zvakasikwa uye upenyu hwevanhu ezvinhu. kazhinji Natural mifananidzo musiyano kana nekusiyana, mukuwirirana kuenderana nepfungwa nezviito lyrical gamba. Kufanana mupenyu mabhuku pakanyorwa ndiyo mifananidzo zvavari nyanduri lyric. It anoita somunhu enhetembo hunhu hope dzake, zvido, akadzivirira zvokunamata kwavo.

Nhetembo "To Gungwa"

nhetembo iyi , Pushkin akatanga kunyora muna 1824 muna Odessa, kare vachiziva zvaIsau yako itsva Mikhailovskoye, apo zvadaro akapedza uye ushande nhetembo. Nevavariro chikuru mashoko ose Pushkin, iro rine dzinongoitika wezwi, nguva dzose zvinofambirana - wechisikigo chakajairika uye manzwiro uye nemanzwiro nyanduri. Muna detembo "To Gungwa" kuonekana gungwa expanses anova hwaro Nyanduri wacho lyrical kuratidzwa dambudziko mugumo womunhu, pamusoro zvinouraya simba kuti ane pamusoro enhoroondo ezvinhu. Sea, ayo pachena chingaita Nyanduri inomirira rusununguko, kunobatanidzwa pamwechete kwokufananidzira navaviri, vakanga vanatenzi okutonga uye pachake simba kwevanhu. Ndiro simba chimbi ezvinhu oupenyu sokuti kuva simba uye vakasununguka sezvo gungwa maatomu akafanana. It Napoleon uye Byron, uyo Pushkin pachake anofananidza. Izvi kweshoko ndangariro mune mashoko orwiyo Pushkin, kwaakanga rinoreva vakaenda shasha, tinoberekwa vakawanda nhetembo dzake. Geniuses vaenda, asi njodzi nyanduri mberi mune zvose zvayo nhamo.

Kudzvinyirira uye dzidzo - kupikisana ari nhetembo

Mune nhetembo, kuwedzera dzinongoitika motifs, mudetembi inobatanidza pfungwa vaviri muchivadzvinyirira uye dzidzo. Kufanana nevamwe romantics iyoyo, Pushkin basa rake rinoreva kuti budiriro nokusuma gadziriro itsva dzidzo, panguva iyoyowo Anotadzira Akasununguka uye nemwoyo nyore nevamwe, neKomisheni zvinorayirwa mwoyo. Vachiti bhayibhayi kune vakasununguka uye simba zvomumvura maatomu akafanana, Pushkin sokunge akati bhayibhayi kuti kudanana nguva basa rake, iro anouya kutsiva sezvazviri maonero. Freedom-rudo vavariro iri mashoko orwiyo Pushkin kuwedzera chikamupenyera mumabasa akazotevera ake. Uye kunyange kana pakutanga sokuti nechepakati chinoumba kuti nhetembo ndiko landscape, tsananguro zvakasikwa, zvakakodzera kutsvaka zvinoreva chokuita chido Nyanduri kusunungura chido chavo kuti rusununguko yakavanzwa, akatambanudzira mapapiro ako rakafuridzirwa zvizere, pasina kutya uye pasina kutarisa panguva yakaoma kuongororerwa vanomumukira nguva.

Kwouzivi nhetembo kuti Pushkin

Pushkinskaya mashoko ouzivi rinokwana kunzwisisa mudetembi isingaori chokwadi chokuvapo kwevanhu, zvinoreva upenyu, rufu uye nekusingaperi, zvakanaka uye zvakaipa, budiriro uye hunhu, murume uye nzanga, vanhu uye nhoroondo. Nzvimbo inokosha ndeye misoro ushamwari (kunyanya nhetembo rwakazvitsaurira kuna Lyceum mamwe masoja), kuzvipira kuna nevatambi worunako uye kururamisira (mutsamba kune yaimbova lyceum vadzidzi uye neshamwari, asi Decembrists), nomwoyo uye kuchena mutsika ukama (mundima, vachifunga nezvezvinoreva upenyu, mhuri uye vanhu pedyo nyanduri). Kwouzivi motifs pamwe mudetembi lyric, kuti kazhinji, iye anowana mukuru. Zvakadzamisisa philosophically okupedzisira endima Pushkin, rakanyorwa nguva pfupi asati afa. Kufanana nyanduri, ari kutarisira kwake, akatya unsaid nedodumal uye nedochuvstvovat anoda kutamira vazukuru zvose pachake pasina chengetedza.

Civic nhetembo kuti Pushkin

Civil yemisoro mu mashoko orwiyo Pushkin kunoratidzwa kuburikidza vavariro rudo nyika, kuburikidza nepfungwa kudada nenyika yaro risingakanganwiki kare kuburikidza simba kutsutsumwa pamusoro autocracy uye serfdom, kutyisidzira chizvarwa rusununguko womunhu somunhu. Vavariro huru lyric Pushkin ehurumende wezwi - ndiro dingindira rusununguko uye nesimba kwevanhu romukati. Freedom ndiyo enyika kwete chete, ndiko kushumira yakakwirira munzanga nevatambi, kunobva mazano wakanyatsojeka uye kururamisira, asiwo womukati rusununguko mumwe munhu, izvo hapana anogona kutora. The chikuru chezvinonhuwira nhetembo vehurumende nyaya - kutongwa vanodzvinyirirwa uye marudzi ose ouranda kwevanhu, kushevedzera yomunyika rusununguko, unhu, izvo kunooneka pacharo zvakajeka uye nenheyo tsika nzvimbo, kuzviremekedza uye hana unsullied.

Musoro nyanduri uye nhetembo

Kuwedzera kune masangano uye ezvitendero vavariro iri mashoko orwiyo Pushkin. In nguva mubvunzo uye yomukati pakunamata nyonganyonga mudetembi akareva iyi nzira. Zvakafanana chinoumba wechiKristu kunyatsotevera naye pedyo nyika ine maonero vanhu. A mhando kwetunhu mashoko nevazivi uye ruzha zviri vehurumende nhetembo ari musoro nyanduri uye nhetembo. Chinangwa uye zvinoreva kupfuura lyric mudetembi wacho - Ndivo mibvunzo huru mbiri kutanga zvichiratidza pamusoro matambudziko renzvimbo Pushkin uye basa Nyanduri munharaunda, rusununguko nhetembo, ayo ukama nehurumende uye hana yake. Yepamusoro Pushkin kuti nhetembo pamusoro musoro nyanduri uye nhetembo, aiva nhetembo, "Handina shongwe. pasina nemaoko ...". Basa rakanga rakanyorwa muna 1836 uye panguva upenyu Pushkin haina kudhindwa. The dingindira uye munhu zano motifs kuti Pushkin kuti nhetembo zvinobva kuna yakakurumbira mudetembi wokuRoma anonzi Horace kuti ode "To Melpomene". Kubva chete Pushkin akatora epigraph kuti basa rake: «Exegi monumentum» ( «yandamisa shongwe").

Message kuna zvizvarwa zvomunguva yemberi

Vavariro huru lyric Pushkin nguva idzodzo - shoko vamiririri zvizvarwa zvomunguva yemberi. By hunhu yavo, nhetembo "Ndiri shongwe chakavakwa pasina nemaoko ..." rudzi wokufananidzira resungano, rine nokuzviremekedza Nyanduri, mipiro ake munharaunda uye nezvizvarwa. Ukoshi, izvo uchava nhetembo kwayo zvizvarwa zvaizotevera, Pushkin yokufananidzira chokuita shongwe kuti unovakunda "Alexandria mbiru". Alexander Column - shongwe wechiRoma Pompey kuAlexandria, Egypt, asi inobatanidzwa zvikurukuru muverengi zvadaro shongwe Emperor Alexander, chakavakwa muSt Petersburg muchimiro mukuru danda.

Kupatsanura huru vavariro Lyrics pakati Pushkin

rinoratidza zvakajeka zvikuru vavariro lyric Pushkin tafura pazasi:

Izvi chete kutsanangura mukuru mukuru misoro Nyanduri kukuru. Ose Vavariro kuroora lyric Pushkin tafura haigoni kutakura vazhinji madziro uye zvose-hunobatanidza nhetembo shasha. mabhuku vatsoropodzi vakawanda vanobvuma kuti Pushkin nomumwe wake, mumwe anowana itsva zvokushanda basa rake. Tichiverenga pamusoro nyanduri kuti, kutaura zvinyorwa ake pamusoro chido kumutsa ari muverengi yakawanda mupfungwa, kuti afunge, enzanisa, ruzivo uye, Chikurukuru, kunzwa.