Nzira rwokufamba emhuka. Zvinhu chidzidzo

Nemakirasi zvose mhuka - yepamusorosoro uye chinyakare - marudzi kushandiswa dzakawanda vakasiyana mumwe nzira rwokufamba (dzimwe nguva yepakutanga chaizvo) emvura, pasi mvura, mune mhepo uye hukawanika. Nzira Animal sangano kuvimba zvinhu zvakawanda: paumbwe mubishi-shanduka, kuvapo kana kusavapo kuti marangwanda, uye zvimwe STRUCTURAL zvaidiwa chaizvo vasina kwemarudzi.

Chinonyanya chinokosha

Kugona kutama - mumwe zvivako zvipenyu, zviri chero mukirasi kana kuti kureva wevane masayendisiti. Kunyange miti takura motokari mukati cellular chechetere. Uye mhuka, kusiyana zvinomera, vanowanzotevedzera kufambisa muviri wose, saka zvinangwa zvakasiyana: Foraging, kubereka, kudzivirirwa kuvavengi. Nekuti sangano - ndiwo chaizvo upenyu zvakasikwa uye, zvikurukuru, fauna of ayo.

Nzira rwokufamba emhuka. kupatsanura

Vose vakakamurwa mhando mumapoka makuru akawanda.

1. Amoeboid. The zita rinobva pashoko amoeba. Izvi protozoan hazvizorambi chimiro, uye muviri wayo rinoumbwa sero rimwe chete uye anokwanisa nguva dzose kuchinja chimiro. Muviri akaumba chairwo growths anonzi pseudopods (pseudopods). Pamusana mudziyo uyu ingori kukwanisa kufamba. Pasi maikorosikopu, simba zvakakwana, unogona kuzviona sezvo unomutswa uri outgrowths pfupi sezvo ari Mapedhi uye mabhanzi, kurovedza muviri kufamba rikurumidze.
2. Reactive. Vamwe nyore (somuenzaniso, gregarines) zvinofamba nenzira yakadaro, zvinoshamisa kusimbisa kuguma nzombe madzihwa, iro riri kufurira mhuka mberi.
3. Kunewo nyore, izvo kuyangarara tinyerere chero svikiro (semuenzaniso, mvura). Uye ndedzipi nzira kufamba oga-celled mhuka? Vakasiyana enviable kusiyana.
4. Achibatsirwa flagella uye cilia. Nzira dzakadaro uyewo mhuka kufamba chinoratidza majemusi. Mano pakutevedzera kufamba siyana: undulating, oscillating, rotational. With kufamba idzi mhuka pacharo, uye runoita (semuenzaniso, euglena), vachiita helical trajectory. Maererano masayendisiti Norwegian, vamwe flagellates kuti kurarama mugungwa, inogona zvayaitenderera paguyo pamusoro akabatana pa kumhanya: 10 nokumukirana por wechipiri!
5. Achibatsirwa netsandanyama. Nzira idzi rwokufamba remhuka zvinozivikanwa mhando dzakawanda tinazvo tsandanyama mamiriro kana wayo akafanana. Achibatsirwa tsandanyama uchifamba uye zvose mhuka, iyo munhu ndohwavo.

shanduka budiriro

Kana mhindumupindu mhuka kubva nyore chete-celled zvivako uye zvinenge kuti zvipuka zvine masero akawanda yepamusorosoro, pamwe zvakasiyana nhengo uye mashandiro kunge wakashanduka-shanduka uye sei mhuka kutama. Over mamiriyoni emakore, takabva kumhuka wemaoresa propulsion hurongwa kuti kubvumira siyana kwemarudzi vawane zvokudya, kutiza muvengi, vazvidzivirire uye tinobereka. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti vashomanana mhuka anozivikanwa kutakura ndakagara mararamiro. Ruzhinji inofamba nenzira dzakasiyana.

Tichibatsirwa tsandanyama

Zvipuka zvine masero akawanda fauna of chakanangana Implementation ari kufamba nokubatsirwa tsandanyama, izvo inoumbwa zvinyama chaiyo inonzi tsandanyama. mamiriro ichi ane chinhu kuti kubata. Kuderedza, tsandanyama kutinhwa levers, vari vomumatunhu kuti marangwanda mhuka. Uye anobvumira wekushandisa.

Ndiani ari kuti zvikuru

Saka, vachibatsirwa tsandanyama zvivako slugs uye hozhwa papfungwa pamusoro hukawanika. Earthworms, achishandisa cavernous tsandanyama sangano, unobatisisa bristles ari gogonera muvhu. Zvikwevaropa anoshandiswa kubvisa mikombe uye nyoka - ganda flakes. Mhuka dzakawanda, kukwidza muviri pamusoro pasi, kutamira achibatsirwa wamativi, saizvozvo chaizvo achidzikisa kukweshera. Somugumisiro, kunowedzera uye kumhanya rwokufamba (mhuka nokukurumidza panyika - cheetahs, iyo nezvechinhu chimwe nokukurumidza pamusoro 110 km). Dzimwe mhuka vari kusvetuka (kunyange mvura). Vamwe urongwa mudenga kana nhunzi. Vamwe svetuka kana dzinoshambira mumvura kana zviri makadzika. Asi kwose kwose akashandisa tsandanyama simba.

Kujairika nzira sangano mhuka

• Freshwater Hydra zvinokambaira tichibatsirwa unotii yepakutanga uye Piruetas. It flexes muviri uye tentacles vasiyana pamusoro, uye ipapo it bedzi. A Anemone gungwa anononoka chaizvo kubvongodzwa, achidzikisa uye tsandanyama ari sole pachayo.
• Cephalopods (Squid, octopus) vanokwanisa reactive kufamba. Ivo dzinoyamwa mvura kuva rinokosha mhango muviri wake uikande nechisimba rakamanikana fanera. Pakudaro anozunungusa nomuviri negwara.
• Basilisk dzvinyu anomhanya kutsanya pamusoro pemvura (2 metres pa wechipiri). Pamusoro pemvura mairi vachinzi mhepo matema pasi chikero netsoka dzakapfava.
• Nechipfira anomhanya pamwe hunyambiri rusvingo girazi ari kumhanya 1 mita pa wechipiri pasina pakugumburwa. Izvi imhaka chaihwo kubvisa mikombe pamusoro makumbo dzvinyu.
• Paradise akashongedzwa nyoka kuti vanogara Asia, vanobhururuka nomumhepo kubva muti muti nekushandisa flattening womuviri, iyo mudzoke panguva iyoyo kuva mhando ndege cakes on the.

zvabuda

-siyana anodudzira ndezvemamiriro mhuka zvose zviripo pasi redu. Masero pacharo rinoitwa munzira dzakawanda. Imwe neimwe zvipenyu dzakashandisa dzakananga hunhu payo, marudzi kufamba.

Izvi zvinhu zvinogona kushandiswa chidzidzo pamusoro "Nzira kufamba emhuka. 5 kirasi. "