Vhudzi Kaliningrad Region: Description

Muzana remakore rechi13 mune ikozvino Kaliningrad nekudunhu ane hurumende yakaumbwa neDare Teutonic Knights. Ngwizhingwi Knights Dzorudzidziso vakakunda Prussia nyika yayo pamwe chete richikurukura Ages nhare uchiwedzera masvingo dzavo. Constant kukakavara dzakavakidzana Lithuania nePoland zvakatungamirira vanoverengeka masvingo nemisasa sezvo ibwe, sezvo kwakanga kusina mumwe European Ages rinoti.

Total Kaliningrad nharaunda dzevhudzi kuverengwa anenge 40 zvivako, zvino chikamu chazvo hwaponeswa uye vagotendeuka kuva miziyamu uye nzvimbo zvivako, chinowanzoonekwa yakapiwa zvinodiwa masangano akasiyana (semuenzaniso, kukoreji, uye kunyange mujeri), chikamu kuparadzwa, uye pane vaya vasina vapona zvachose.

Balga

kwayakatangira Castle Balga muna Kaliningrad nharaunda vanosungirwa Prussia, wakange ari 5th nhare remakore yakavakwa panzvimbo yakanakira hondo - pamusoro pemhenderekedzo Gulf. Wooden nhare Mambo Prussia Widewuto akabvumira zvakanaka maonero rose bay. Ndiwo maitiro ichi zvakaita zvakabata Teutons. Muzana remakore rechi13, ivo vakarwa kwenguva refu nguva hondo inokosha chivakwa ichi. Makore 10 pashure pokukundwa Mukuru Tenzi Teutonic Order akarayira kuvakwa pamusoro nzvimbo remuti, kwete chete yokupisa yemauto itsva kuvakwa yakagadzirwa nematombo.

Yakanga isingori nenhare. Yokutanga Chivako chaiva akakura pakuvaka pacho, yakavakwa zvidhina uye munda ibwe.

Zvisinei, kunyange izvozvo pamwero mukuru kuvaka haina haana nguva. Balga akapfuura paruoko kuisa akasiyana-siyana varidzi, uye muzana remakore rechi16, Castle zvishoma nezvishoma akatanga kuderera. It vakabatsira ichi uye Swedish War, umo Castle raishandiswa senzira uto nechimwe. Zvadaro, zvechizarira anoita basa kuresitorendi, uye kunyange basa yechiedza. Kwokupedzisira hwafamba wanunurwa naMambo Frederick wokutanga pakutanga remakore rechi18. Akatanga kuvaka Pilau yemauto ibwe pamusoro kuvaka iyo akarayira yatorwa masvingo Balga.

Little kuedza ndiponesezve yaimbova kubwinya iyi vakatora mune yokutanga yezana remakore rechi20. Vashanyi dziri Kaliningrad nharaunda dzevhudzi, kusanganisira Balga kwamagwaro akakwezva remunharaunda miziyamu nezvenhoroondo iri Teutonic Knights, asi mumwe hondo pakupedzisira akatendeuka Castle matongo. The kubhomba of rechi45 chaizvo vakasasiya ibwe unturned.

Pasinei neizvi, Balga achiri Zvisinei kunokwezva vashanyi, kwete chete nokuda matongo ayo, kuti pfuma zhinji, ndokugara munyika yakapoteredza. Nzvimbo idzi dziri chaizvoizvo rine anoshongwa nemarara kubva Second World War, izvo chinokwezva vanoda pfuma kutsvaka. In zvakanaka jeka ekunze pano zvakanakisa - matongo, vakarasika pakati emakore-kare nemipaini miti uye maonero ari Gulf of Riga kuti nzvimbo iyi wakajeka chaizvo.

Vaya vanoda kuyemura nezvimedu yegomba uye nheyo Balga vanofanira kuenda yemapurisa New Znamenka, riri pakati misha yose Mamonovo uye Ladushki. Zvisinei, kubva pachiteshi kuenda yemauto sezvinongoitawo 5 makiromita, saka zviri nani kuenda ikoko nemotokari.

Castle Georgenburg

Kaliningrad nharaunda ine makumi matatu zvakanaka zvichengeteke Castle. Mumwe wavo - Georgenburg. Zvinonzi rakamiswa pamusoro munharaunda Chernichovsky ano uye kunokwezva vashanyi kwete chete nokuda Tours kwayo, asi mhete zvakafanana zita nomukurumbira munyika.

Castle yakavakwa muzana remakore rechi13, kutaura zvazviri iyi dzakavakwa nhare vokutanga. Kwapera A remakore, ivo akavakazve wokutanga yematanda yemauto uye gare gare ibwe. Kwemakore Georgenburg kakawanda pasi pakukombwa uye kuparadzwa kubudikidza Lithuanians, Tatars, yeSweden. Munguva dzazvino nayo akaedza kupora, asi matambudziko 1997 haabvumirwi kuramba kushanda uye kwenguva refu, Castle yakanga kuderera. Nhasi, zviri muridzi nokuda Roc uye zvishoma nezvishoma kufefemuka.

Brandenburg

Brandenburg Castle muna Kaliningrad nharaunda, asi, matongo ayo zvinogona akashanya mumusha Ushakovo (izvo pamberi Great Patriotic vaipfeka zita rimwe yemauto). Brandenburg rakavakwa pakati pezana remakore rechi13, pakaitwa inokosha nzvimbo - pamusoro navigable rwizi chengarava inovhura masuo yakadzika Prussian nyika. Brandenburg akava mumwe nodes anokosha ari samambure Teutonic nhare unobatanidza Balga uye Königsberg. Pano zvakachengeterwa mukuru neKijuni ari Order - muchinjikwa Jesu akarovererwa.

The Second World War akaparadza Brandenburg, uyewo mamwe nhare of Kaliningrad nharaunda dzakawanda. Zvisinei, pashure wake kudzidza iripo Bapiro hostel rakarongwa kuti vatama kubva Soviet Union, Castle yakapararawo uye akanga nokukurumidza kusvika 2013 rakanga vava kuda kutsakatika. To musi, nokuti pakupedzisira zvakatungamirira pokudzorerwa uye zviri kushingaira zvinobatanidzwa vazvipiri.

Waldau

Vhudzi Kaliningrad nharaunda vakawanda vari kukukanganisa, asi Waldau Castle - mumwe zvakanakisisa akachengetedzwa zvivako Prussian muna Kaliningrad mudunhu. Castle iri mumusha Lower inosvika pedyo Kaliningrad, kuenda nayo nebhazi.

zita Castle raMwari rinobva necheSalvic "valdati" zvichireva "ndorwangu", uye wokutanga yevaridzi vawo pakati remakore rechi13 vaiva machinda Prussian, randakapiwa Castle Teutons kutenda basa rake kusvikira Order. More chaizvo, zvakanzi kune imwe chomunda, apo nhare yakavakwa. Zvinonzi kazhinji kwokupotera kuna Knights of Order uye vapristi, uyo akaenda idzi.

Muzana remakore rechi15 wenhare yakavakwazve yemauto uye mamiriro ake akasimuka. Waldau akava dzokugara muzhizha naTenzi Order. Castle ndiyo inozivikanwa chokuti nokutora Peter Mukuru muna 1697.

Muzana remakore rechi18 hazvina kudiwa kuti Prussian hurumende, uye ayo was okurima chikoro. nzvimbo iyi akatora madziro wenhare kusvikira 2007. Munhoroondo yemazuva ano, bapiro vaishandawo vagare nokuda chikoro, iyo gare gare tinoshandurirwa chikoro remakore 2,5. Kutendeuka nezvinodiwa zvakasiyana, kune rumwe rutivi, akabvumira kuti aponese yemauto kubva pakuparadzwa, Ukuwo, anenge chiso rwakavanzwa pamusoro Order wenhare, asi ayo vanokudzwa yekare kare peeps kuburikidza kugadzirisa uye kudzorerwa. Chimwe dzinonakidza Chokwadi ndechokuti Waldau akachengetedzwa yepakutanga Ages wedzimba, izvo havana dzimwe zvakafanana dzevhudzi Kaliningrad nharaunda.

Photos unotipa kufungidzira kunaka tsaru mazuva zvivako, asi zviri nani kuti vaone kurarama, kunyanya nemhaka kuwedzera masvingo chikoro Waldau imomo uye miziyamu. Pakazosvika 750th gore wenhare (iri vachipemberera hombe nzira 2014), kuti miziyamu agadzirira chipo nokuda revashanyi uye vanoda kare - kare akasiya musha vakanga vakachenesa uye akazarura nokuda kuona, uyewo akanga akachenurwa Ages tsime.

Permanent kuratidzira kubvumira kuti Kunyatsoziva archeological zvakawanikwa pamusoro munharaunda wenhare, pamwechete nhoroondo Prussia, ari Teutonic Order uye chivako pacharo. Uyewo, kuti miziyamu inotiudza sei pakuvaka nyika uye zvakakanganisa Napoleonic hondo.

Kenigsberg

Muna Kaliningrad mumugwagwa Dzhafarova, Building 2 nematongo rimwe dzinonakidza zvikuru nhare kwete chete Russia asi yose Europe. Nhare iyi Königsberg, uyo akapa zita uye upenyu Kaliningrad ano. Pakutanga, musha iwoyo zita kumativi Castle akakura mutaundi duku, uye gare gare akava guta guru. Uye matongo wenhare kunokwezva vashanyi kwete chete nokuda kwayo kare uye dzinonakidza Museum Exhibits, asi ane Aura chakavanzika, nekuti, maererano matongo uye vanyori venhau, kumwe akavigwa pano asinganzwisisiki Amber Room.

Königsberg Castle yakavakwa neDare Teutonic Knights nepakati remakore rechi13, akazonyora apinda nhaka Prussia, rakavakwazve mambo, vakabva muridzi zviremera German. The kare wenhare ngakurege kuburikidza yakawanda inokosha munhau. Saka, yakanga korona Prussian vatongi, vakatora Peter Mukuru uye madzimambo Russian uye Napoleon. Rakaitirwa yemauto uye zvimwe mutambo zviitiko, mitambo, kuratidzira uye nhumbi.

The Second World War zvachose Castle uye matongo yakasiyiwa pamberi 1993. Chete iyi, Russian Academy of Sciences achitsigirwa zvishomanana nemari Germany musi munharaunda Königsberg Zvakafukunurwa kutsvaka Amber Room. Imwe shanduro yake Kutsakatika - akavigwa pasi ungwandangwanda wenhare yakadhirika. Kucherwa vakaramba kusvikira 2007, asi haana kupedza navo kwekanguva -oma basa. The Amber Room haana kuwanikwa, asi akachera vazhinji dzimwe nhoroondo tsika. Izvi uye zvemumba akasiyana eras, kutanga kuvakwa wenhare muzana remakore rechi14, uye mapurani zvinhu wenhare (vazhinji zvino kunoratidzwa muna pakachena inoratidzirwa Koenigsberg Museum), uye kunyange vamwe Zvakawanikwa dzinonakidza sezvo pachivande pevhu tunnels.

Today Kenigsberg - iri miziyamu, unonzi "wakarindira" kwenguva nedzimwe Outdoor chokupfeka. Uchiita pano uye nhumbi, izvo zvichaita kuronga vavakezve knightly yetsiva. Vashanyi vanogona kuedza mukudzidzire romuMiddle zvombo, kutenga matkamuistoja navapfuri vesimbi vanonakidzwa anokosha inobata.

Nesselbeck

Castle ichi anonzi chete mubasa Kaliningrad mudunhu. Kutaura zvazviri Nesselbeck - ichi haisi Castle wechokwadi, ichi hotera uye resitorendi chinhu ano kuvakwa, zvisinei, izvo, zvakarurama kwazvo recreates Zvinoonekwa wechokwadi Teutonic Castle. It ine miziyamu kuti anoudza nhoroondo Order, uyewo seane kwamagwaro vakazvipira Ages kurwadziswa. Saka, Nesselbeck anogona kuva chakanakisisa chingaitwa tourist rwendo Kaliningrad - zvine musoro rokuongorora zvechokwadi nematende mberi pebhanhire ichadzorerwa Ages mhepo. The hotera iri mumusha Orlovka (Kaliningrad nharaunda). Castle inopa pekugara uyewo Anokukumbira kune kuresitorendi, nevabiki uye Spa.