Wall: ukobvu masonry

Brick sezvo chivakwa zvinhu anozivikanwa kwenguva refu kwazvo nguva. Kutaurwa kunogona kuwanikwa muBhaibheri, iri nyaya nguva pashure peMafashamo Great.

Erection pamusoro Brick dzimba midzi munhau, chero nyika, kune zvivako zvakawanda zvakadai chaiko emakore anoverengeka. Kune-refu refu imba, yakavakwa 150 kana kunyange 200 apfuura. Brick anogara kupfuura akakodzera uye nevakawanda kuvaka zvinhu munyika.

Chii saka kwazvo zvinhu izvi vavaki? zvimwe zvakanakira yakajeka yaro zvinogona kupatsanurwa.

simba

Chivako akashandisa zvidhina pezvitsiga M100, M125, M150, M175. Digital indekisi pashure tsamba inoratidza simba uye kunoratidza kuti izvi mhando unopikiana mutoro 100, 125, 150, 175 makirogiramu / masendimita ^2. Brand M100 yakakodzera kuvaka dzimba vakareba vane 3 uriri.

mukurumari

The imba, iyo ine zvakanaka gobvu chidhinha kunze kwemasvingo yakavakwa yepamusoro zvinhu uye maererano nemitemo kwedzimba, anogona kumira anopfuura zana.

zvakatipoteredza ushamwari

Sechivako nezvidhinha dzinongoitika zvinhu izvo dzisina tsvina inokuvadza - ivhu, jecha, mvura. Naiyewo nemhepo, "kufefetera" uye asingauyi kuora.

Pakawanda, aesthetics

Ukuru nezvidhinha uye kuisira michina embody zvikuru ushingiwo mapurani zvirongwa. Individual Style Brick imba achariisa mavambo uye kusiyana.

chando-musimbwa

ruzivo rwakakura pakushandisa zvidhina kuvakwa uye rokuedza zvakasiyana okunze dzinodengenyeka zvinoratidza kuti mashoko aya ane refu nemishonga kuti chando, izvo varehwa F25, F35, F50.

Digital Index anoratidza mari nechando uye thawing pakati pezvitina iri zvine mamiriro kwemvura, pashure pacho hunotanga kusingarapiki kuchinja.

Fire chengetedzo

Brick - moto nemishonga zvinhu yakanaka mitemo uye moto nemirau, uye pakukora masvingo pezvitina imba Haazobvumiri moto kupararira kubva muimba mumba.

soundproofing

Brick wakanaka insulating zvinhu, zviri nani zvikuru pane huni, uye kongiri ukomba. Rusvingo Ukobvu ari chidhinha imba zvakanaka kudzivirirwa kubva mumugwagwa ruzha.

The pasipasi rusvingo ukobvu

Rimwe chikuru zvechadenga mudzimba zvidhina - wall ukobvu. Ukuru kwakajairika zvedongo zvidhina 250h120h65 mm. Building mitemo kutora kusarudza rusvingo pakukora kubudikidza vakawanda 12 (hafu zvidhina urefu).

Zvakaratidza kuti moupamhi hworusvingo akaenzana:

• nehafu-chidhinha - 120 mm;
• mumwe pezvitina - 250 mm;
• nehafu-chidhinha - 380 mm (10 mm akawedzera pakukora pejoinhi pakati zvidhinha);
• zvidhinha maviri - 510 mm (10 mm panguva musono);
• maviri nehafu chidhinha - 640 mm.

By chete pakuvaka mitemo kutsanangura zvakajeka shoma pakukora wall. Zvinofanira kuva kuwanda 1/20 kusvika 1/25 rakakwirira paburiro. Simple kukarukureta inoratidza kana pasi 3 metres kureba, rusvingo ukobvu zvinofanira zvinenge 150 mm. Brick pamadziro Ukobvu asingasviki 150 neMM, akakodzera nyore zvinorwisana partitions.

Rokunze kubereka chidhinha masvingo

Simba uye kutsiga chivakwa kupa kwokunze masvingo. Dzinonzi vatakuri nokuti vose vaiita mutoro ndikaita pachivako. Vanotakura brunt pamusoro bindepinde, dzakanga madziro, denga, iro operative mutoro (fenicha, zvinhu, vanhu) uye chando.

Pokutangira chero masonry vari makona chivakwa. Mumwe nemumwe wavo bhikoni (Rinobva pezvitinha pakona iri dzichienderana hunyambiri akabatana uye kuvaka). Corner nokuturika achisimuka 6-8 akatevedzana. Makona nechitarisiko namasvingo varumbidzwa Akazadzisa simbi afoot imwe waya dhayamita 6 mm. Zvadaro pakati zvikwangwani panguva rokumusoro pamucheto wall ruchatambanudzirwa twine, iro rinoreva kuruvanze ekisero mamiriro. Kubva imwe bhikoni mumwe rokuvaka kuitiswa, pakukora masvingo ine yokunze chikamu, womukati uye pakati, iro uzere kuputira kana zvimwe zvinhu butyat. Brick Wall akaisa bhandeji pashure mitatu kana shanu yamahwindo lozhkovyh vanoda mumwe bonder. Pane mazano mazhinji nokuisa zvidhina. Zvichienderana hurongwa pakamubhedha redunhu uye bonder misara dzingasiyana. Izvi zvinoshandawo kune vazvo, havafaniri kuiswa rimwe pamusoro mumwe. Achibatsirwa sezvikamu uye mumativi ose chidhinha nyore kuchinja laterally hama kuti mutsara ezasi. After ukaisa anoverengeka yamabwe mira rusvingo chechetere yatovapo zvazvakaipira kuitira kudzivisa kukanganiswa siyana ndege, rinogona nezvatakapamba kubva aesthetic pakuonekwa chivakwa.

Pakukora mutakuri wall kusarudzwa pachishandiswa yacho okunze vematunhu, zvaidiwa kwezvakatipoteredza uye yayo nezvaanogona. Asi chero Masvomhu rirege kuva asingasviki 380 mm (batira "mu nehafu-chidhinha"). Kuchamhembe nharaunda kazhinji kuwedzera pakukora kusvika 510 neMM, uye kunyange kusvika 640 mm.

Kuderedza mutoro panheyo parusvingo uye aivabatsira kuvakwa kunze kwemasvingo avete zvidhinha. Ita masonry hwakasimba haisi mari, zviri inodhura uye kunoderedza chafariz kuchengetedzwa mamiriro.

rusvingo kuputira

Kazhinji kushandisa unyanzvi pamusoro iyo masonry rinoitwa chete mudziyo mumatsime. Zvinomirira pamasvingo maviri vaparadzana mumwe pa 140-270 mm fanira ligation dzakatevedzana ose 650-1200 mm. Matsime vakazadzwa kuputira pakati masonry pamwe fanira compaction. Izvi zvingava lightweight kongiri, gang, rakawedzerwa ivhu, sawdust nezvakadaro. Vakati zvinoshandiswa chafariz kudzivirira chivako inowedzera kubudikidza 10-15%.

Inonyatsobudirira kuputira ndiyo furo. Kushandiswa kwaro kunoderedza rusvingo Ukobvu anosvika 290 mm (120 mm + zvidhina furo zvidhina 50 mm + 120 mm). Asi kana isu tisiye tsime 100 mm yakafara (maviri furo akaturikidzana ukapisa murwi pamwe pindana vazvo), yakadaro chafariz conductivity yakaenzana chinoramba rusvingo achaita achiisa 640 mm paukobvu. Wall ane ukobvu iri 290 mm vanofanira mberi kuti ine grids 5 pemitsara.

Kuti pokugara vajairane, ronga okuwedzera kuputira kubva kunze kana mukati meimba. Pano dzakakodzera polystyrene furo, polystyrene furo, chicherwa shinda uye zvimwe zvakaoma nyoro kana zvinhu. With kudzivirira izvi chafariz anogona ngazviwedzerwe 100%.

Internal inobereka mutoro-masvingo

Building urefu kana upamhi kupfuura mashanu nehafu metres divi refu dzakaparadzaniswa pezviri kutsigira masvingo. Ivo zvibereko zvokuimba kubereka rakanyorwa mamiriro kana coatings.

Pakukora dzomunyika madziro zvidhina muduku kupfuura panze nokuti haatarisiri kuputira, asi kwete asingasviki 250 mm (masonry "mu zvidhinha"). All masvingo mutoro-kubereka, uye kunze uye mukati, Akabatanidzwa kuumbika, pamwe hwaro uye padenga imwe chete mamiriro - the marangwanda meimba. Ose mitoro ndikaita marongerwo anofanira kuparadzirwa zvakaenderana pamusoro munharaunda. Akasarudzwa iyo boka richitora mazamu kwokunze uye dzimwe masvingo, kana yoga muedzo pajira riya chisimbiso 5 brickwork pemitsara. Partitions kugutsikana kwete asingasviki 510 mm pahupamhi uye riri kunosimbiswa. Kana uchida kuisa mbiru dzakaita sembiru, kuti chikamu zvakagadzirwa kunge kanenge 380h380 mm (batira "mu nehafu-chidhinha"). Ivowo Akazadzisa waya 3-6 mm 5 misara mumhu masonry.

septa

masvingo izvi zvakabudisa zonal weboka nzvimbo munzvimbo huru. Sezvo partitions havasi mutoro-kubereka, uye havasi kukanganiswa chero mutoro kunze yayo uremu, zvino unogona kusarudza izvo pakukora wall zvikuru akakodzera kuti musha.

Partitions 120 mm (masonry "mu nehafu-chidhinha") rinonyanya kuronga pakati makamuri, zvimbudzi. Kana kunodiwa vaparadzane kamuri duku mhando kuchengetwa nharaunda, panogona akarara 65 mm rusvingo ukobvu (masonry "ndokuhwadzira"). Asi izvozvo partition anofanira kusimba pamwe waya 3 mm ose 2-3 misara masonry iri pakakwirira, kana kureba kwaro kunopfuura imwe nehafu mamita.

Kuti zviite kurema uye kuderera mutoro pamusoro sirin'i pamadziro akagadzirwa mhango kana porous zvedongo zvidhina.

A mhinduro masonry

Kana kunze masonry masvingo ari "pasi kukanganisika", ipapo kunaka murwiyo uye yakarurama kushandisa mushonga kunoenderana sei nemachira vachatarira wall. Pakukora pakati vazvo kunge zvakafanana pose pose, uye vanofanira kuzadza zvachose anoshaiwa haabvumirwi. The Kugadzirisa anofanira pamberi kutanga basa uye kushandiswa mukati maawa maviri. Ductility unowedzera ivhu, reraimu kana machena pulp.

Kushandisa chinjikira welds Ukobvu 10 kusvika 15 neMM, nokuti kutwasuka - kubva 8 kusvika 10 mm.

Paivakwa zvivako zvidhinha vanofanira kuziva kuti chero yakatsauka kubva chirongwa kungaita kuti nezvimwewo nemigumisiro pashure. Kugadzikana uye Simba masonry inobereka masvingo nyore wakaderedzwa kana:

• Deredza dzavo ukobvu;
• Zvibereko zvavo nokukwirira;
• kuwedzera nzvimbo kana nhamba apertures;
• kuderedza upamhi partitions pakati mawindo;
• ronga mumadziro kana mamwe niche migero;
• shandisa kwakanyanya bindepinde.

Brick rusvingo ukobvu Iyo iduku pane akagadzira inofanira yanyatsosimba mberi.

kuchinja zvose zviri basa racho rinofanira kuitwa nezvokurara, haugoni kuita izvi oga.

Nezvidhina ane pachena zvinobatsira, akaaisa pamwero kupfuura dzimba zvimwe zvinhu. Akaita maererano yepakutanga basa, ivo vane pachake manyorerwo kwavo norunako. Uye ichi ndicho chakanaka chingaitwa mari uye kuchinjwa pfuma vazukuru nhaka.