Anatomy: humerus. The nemamiriro humerus

Kuita mabasa kutsigirwa, kufamba uye kudzivirira mumuviri wedu ane hurongwa rinosanganisira mapfupa, tsandanyama, nemarunda nemarunda. nhengo dzayo dzose akure ari pedyo pamwe. Chimiro chavo uye zvakanga vakadzidza sayenzi anatomi. The humerus chikamu akasununguka yokumusoro richiripo uye pamwe mapfupa honokono uye yokumusoro muzvidimbu nebhanhire - clavicle uye scapula - inopa akaoma zvemaziso fambisa ruoko rwomunhu. In neKwayedza, muenzaniso humerus, isu kudzidza zvakadzama zviga nokushanda zvetsandanyama nemapfupa emuviri uye kuziva sei chokuita nemamiriro mabasa anoitwa.

Features mapfupa tubular

Mativi kana cylindrical chimiro maitire nokuda zvinoumba apa - mapfupa refu kuti vane vanokudzwa zvinhu zvakadai epiphysis (pfupa micheto) uye muviri wake (diaphysis). Three akaturikidzana - the periosteum, pfupa pacharo uye endoost - tiri chikamu diaphysis yacho humerus. vakasununguka yokumusoro muzvidimbu anatomi zvino kudzidzwa zvakaenzana zvakanaka. Zvinozivikanwa kuti epiphyses vanoumba cancellous pfupa, nepo nechepakati dhipatimendi raimiririra lamellae. Zvinoumba chiine zvinhu. Izvi mhando vane refu mapfupa tubular: bandauko, kugokora, hudyu. Anatomy of humerus, iyo inopiwa pazasi mufananidzo rinoratidza kuti chimiro chayo zvifambe nokuumbwa yeimwe of chinjwa bhandi pamwe mapfupa yokumusoro wamativi uye honokono.

sei mapfupa refu

Munguva embryo Kugadzirwa humerus pamwe yose marangwanda achiumbwa kubva pakati utachiona rukoko - mesoderm. Pakutanga rechishanu vhiki pamuviri, fetus ane mesenchymal zvikamu anonzi Bookmarks. Vanokura pakureba uye kutora chimiro mapfupa tubular pakati pamafudzi, izvo Ossificação em mberi pashure pokuberekwa. Pamusoro humerus akafuka periosteum. Izvi mutete goko zvinosanganisira connective zvinyama uye ane mapazi richikurukura tsinga uye tsinga harinzwi kuti vanoita chaiko pfupa uye kupa simba rayo uye innervation. It riri pamwe rose pakureba mapfupa tubular nokuumba zvakaturikidzaniswa yacho diaphysis wokutanga. Sezvo isingachinji sainzi anatomi, humerus, akafukidza periosteum ine kwakavharwa nenyama internet mapuroteni - collagen, uyewo mumasero anokosha anonzi osteoblasts uye osteoclasts. Ivo dzikarongwa vari musimboti Haversian Canal. With zera, raguta tsvuku mwongo.

Self-kuporeswa, kugadzira uye kukura pakukora mapfupa tubular ari munhu marangwanda rinoitwa kubudikidza periosteum. Dzakananga anatomi of humerus iri pakati diaphysis. It ane nematambudziko pamusoro iyo wanamatira munhu pemvura deltoid. Pamwe bhandi rokumusoro yayo uye papfudzi uye honokono mapfupa rinotipa Nokusimudzwa uye yokururamisa pakati kugokora uye ruoko uye shure pamberi pake.

Meaning epiphysis mapfupa refu

Mugumo mapfupa tubular pakati pafudzi yainzi epiphysis zvine tsvuku mwongo uye ine chirambe chakapfava fuma. masero awo kubudisa masero eropa - masero matsvuku eropa uye maplatelet. Epiphyses akafukidzwa periosteum, vane mhou ndiro netambo anonzi trabeculae. Vari akaronga panguva necheparutivi nevamwe uye vanoumba chinoumba chomukati muchimiro in Systems ndokuzadza hematopoietic tishu. Sei rinotsanangura anatomi, nemamiriro ose humerus mapfupa ari Hudyu naye ane nefoshoro mapfupa honokono nani kunzwisisa. The articular pose humerus vane proximal uye distal miromo. Bone musoro ane convex pamusoro zvinenge zvakazara hyaline shwashwa uye akapinda mhango pakati chipande. Special shwashwa inotungamirwa scapular mwoyo - articular muromo - anoshumira ndisingafungiri absorb, kunyoroveswa nokurohwa uye concussions panguva fudzi kufamba. The Kamudzira pakati pamafudzi muhudyu mumwe mugumo vasiyana chipande, uye mumwe - kusvikira musoro humerus, rikabatwa pamutsipa wake. It nechokumusoro kubatana pakati pamafudzi bhanhire uye yokumusoro richiripo vakasununguka.

Zvakakurukurwa papfudzi uye kugokora majoini

Sezvo dzakatangwa vanhu anatomi, kuti humerus ndiyo chikamu kwete bedzi idenderedzwa pamafudzi vadyi, asi mumwe - kunzwisisa kugokora. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti pafudzi vadyi ndiyo mobile ari mumuviri womunhu. Izvi zvinonzwisisika, nokuti ruoko Nde chishandiso basa kushandiswa, uye kufamba kwaro inobatanidzwa kuchinjira kumamiriro achifamba vakarurama uye kuregedza kubatanidzwa racho.

Kugokora vadyi rinoumbwa vatatu vakaparadzana yeimwe chokuita zvakafanana articular Kamudzira. Distal humerus chinobatanidza kuti ulna, dzikaumba ginglymoid vadyi. Panguva imwe chete condyle pakati humerus musoro anopinda buri racho proximal kuguma nharaunda, achiumba brachioradialis chinjwa kubatana.

Zvimwe papfudzi mamiriro

Normal anatomi of humerus zvinosanganisira mikuru nemiduku apophyses - anorovera, izvo anoendazve kubva anooneka zvikuru nemichinjiziri. Vanoshanda sezvo kubatana pakati pamafudzi netsandanyama. Panewo paburi kushumira sezvo kuchigaro biceps mudzira. Pamuganhu pamwe pfupa diaphysis, pazasi apophysis, chinhu kuvhiya mutsipa. Zviri nyore zvikuru zvinotyisa kukuvara pakati pamafudzi - dislocations uye mitswe. pakati muviri mapfupa ari gogonera mugove icho wanamatira iri deltoid tsandanyama, uye shure kwake - muforo zononoka chimiro, iyo kunyudzwa TOUR tsinga. Pamuganhu epiphyseal uye diaphyseal mugove nhema, nokukurumidza kupatsanura masero kuti anokonzera kukura humerus pakureba.

Dysfunctions of humerus

The inonyanya kukuvara iri pamapfudzi pakakuvara kana akadonha kana simba zvokuimba kuvhunduka. Chikonzero iri ndechokuti vagari haana izvi pakudzikamisa nemarunda uye tsandanyama chete corset bhandi yokumusoro yayo uye ebetsero bhainda, vane chimiro collagen fibrils danda. nyoro zvinyama maronda chaizvo nevakawanda fudzi vadyi, akadai tendinitis uye capsulitis. Muchiitiko chokutanga zvinova tagovera supraspinatus mudzira, infraspinatus, duku reraundi tsandanyama. Chimwe chirwere kunoitika pamusana kuzvimba iri pamapfudzi mekamudzira aka.

Zvokurwara tanera achiperekedzwa kurwadziwa ruoko uye fudzi, Kuderedza mufambo pakati pamafudzi muhudyu kana vachisimudza maoko shure sangano ravo akasarudzwa mumaoko. Zviratidzo zvose izvi kuderedza kuita uye kurovedza muviri.

Pepa rino, takadzidza anatomi pamusoro humerus uye vakawana kubatana dzaro mabasa anoitwa.