"Anocherechedza ane Hunter" Turgenev: a gaya kuti tigutsikane

Nhasi ose akadzidza munhu aiziva muunganidzwa nyaya pfupi uye essays, "Notes ane Hunter" Turgenev. Zvisinei, Pfupiso yebhuku navo, mumwe nomumwe rinopa zvainoda. Mumwe muverengi sezvinoita yakadzika zvavo uchenjeri zvizere "Choir uye Kalinych" zvakawanda; mumwe - Watercolour imhute brushstrokes "Bezhin Mafuro"; wechitatu haagoni govera chinhu stringing sezvo marozari, nyaya seri nyaya, kuedza akakunda musimboti nerimwe. Munyaya ino tichashandisa kuedza kufunga pfungwa zvinoreva bhuku "Anocherechedza imwe Hunter". Turgenev somunhu munyori - iri multidimensional, saka regai kutora mhedziso yacho, sezvo chete zvinoita pfungwa, uye nokuverenga bhuku, rubanzu mutongo. "Notes ane Hunter" anoreva Classics kuti anofanira kuzodzosera kuverenga, kuona maketeni itsva.

Social pfungwa mabasa

Yeuka kuti munzanga pfungwa zvinosanganisira "Notes ane Hunter" Turgenev. Pfupiso mutero kungaratidzwa muna mumwe mutongo: yose, aendesa nedzimwe Mini-nyaya, mumwe mufananidzo woupenyu vanhu Russian. Serfdom aiva chipingamupinyi yakajeka pakuzadzisa Russia. Uyezve, hwaro ndichengetedze chimiro ichi inonyoreswa varanda sehofisi kunzwisisa chii Russian miduku yokuruwa yacho. "Panguva muuranda" pachena uye aishingaira vaitsigira maviri dzenzvimbo enyika. Chekutanga, tiri kutaura pamusoro populist nzvimbo yacho huru bourgeoisie (zvose - yebasa nemaonero nezviremera). Iye ashandura mubvunzo iri zvepfungwa ndege, vakabata anobuda kuti Varidzi - madzibaba, uye vanhuwo zvavo - Vana. Saizvozvowo, kushaya kodzero vanhuwo zvavo "kufukidza" kubvumirana ukama. The nemaonero chechipiri kunoratidzwa kunzi populists. Avo hayali chero zvokuchinja muRussia kubva panguva Peter I, idealizing pre-Petrine, Rus boyars. maonero Vose vaiva venhema, yaiva yakachena hurukuro, unoenda voruzhinji afunge kubva musimboti nyaya.

pfupiso

Zvinoita sokuti, akanyora "Notes ane Hunter"-Turgenev lyric. Pfupiso yebhuku rinonzi, inobva rokuremekedza, zvinofanira kuva zvakasiyana banal: pfungwa Orel muridzi womunda, vanoda hunhu, kufanana kunovhima. Chii chingava nyore? Akaenda kuvhima pfuti akaturikwa chipikiri. Ndakatora chinyoreso akanyora imwe "mushumo pfupi". Asi kwete! Basa zvinosanganisira 25, zvingaita sokuti, zvachose dzakasiyana zvikamu, munhu monolithic, zvichipa yakajeka uye dzechokwadi kuratidzwa Russian ruzhinji pakati XIX remakore. Ichi - imwe kunakidza uye fungidzira mabhuku pamusoro Russian murimi mudiki. Kwakanyorwa izvozvo nounyanzvi kuti gare gare aizonzi zvizvarwa Turgenev kuti maitiro "nhetembo mu prose."

Nyaya "Polecat uye Kalinych" inotiudza mbiri shamwari-nhare murimi mudiki background. Kukosha ndechokuti vacho variko. Countryside Horevka Ulyanovsky nharaunda Kaluga nharaunda vaizvambarara inomirira polecat Farm. Vose - kwete "tsinga" vanhuwo zvavo, zvose - inopenya unhu, sezvo njere - kwazvo zvakadini ake "tenzi", muridzi Polutykin. Polecat - handyman murongi uye anoshanda nesimba. Iye nevanakomana vake vatanhatu, pamwe chete nemhuri dzavo vari simba, kunobatsira papurazi. Kana Polecat ichi anoramba mamiriro serf, Achinzvenga vaitaura Polutykin - Purchase, tichifunga izvozvo tsvina unonyadzisa mari uye kubhadhara rents vavo yakawedzera nehafu. Kalinych - munhu mukuru kunamata uye pedyo hunhu. Iye - wokutanga mubatsiri Polutykin nemambure mafaro. Asi ichi hachisi chinhu chikuru mairi. Anonzwisisa hunhu. Kupingudza bhiza hworugare, taura marwadzo, kudzikamisa vashatirwa nyuchi - kuti ndiye Kalinych simba. Hazvina nyaya iyi rinoramba riri Bourgeois maonero uye populists pamusoro Russian miduku yokuruwa "Notes ane Hunter" Turgenev. Pfupiso yebhuku "polecat uye Kalinych" kutaura, sezvo anodzivisa Populists, kuti vanhu vokuRussia havana kutya kuchinja, uye anoenda kwavari kana anoona nenzira inoshanda mupfungwa. Bourgeois nzvimbo "landlords vanababa" zvinopesana zvose zviri nyaya: murimi maviri akangwara zvikuru, zvakadzama uye zvinofadza kupfuura tenzi wake, Polutykin.

Nyaya "Bezhin Meadow" kutiudza pamwe akavanda murenje, vafambi womunda-muvhimi mu boyish freemen. Vana achifudza mabhiza usiku, usanetseka nemoto, kutaura. Mumiromo yavo kuvhiringidzwa ingano sezvazviri, inowanzorimwa runako - pamwe omumwe upenyu. Artist weshoko, Turgenev inoratidza zvechokwadi, kupera uye Uninvented mufananidzo. Munhu ari kuverenga nyaya, zviri zvakafanana ndichiri muduku, akatakura kure, sezvinoimbwa inowanzorimwa mabhiza.

The shoma Vhoriyamu nyaya, tinogona kutaura nedzimwe nyaya shoma chete. The kuvava uye kurwadziwa ruzha mumuromo Vlas-makore 50, uyo akafirwa nomwanakomana wake, navabatsiri mumhuri ( "Brusnichnaya mvura"). The jendurumani haana kusiyana pakufara mweya, kwete chete tsitsi naye, asi akaramba tikarega rents, uye nzvimbo Vlas akanga kazhinji tariro. Munyaya "Ermolai uye Miller" tinodzidza upenyu hwakaoma Miller Arina, vanoda muranda Petrushka chaizvo "vakadzvinyirirwa" yemwana muridzi womunda Zverkov. Vakaveura ndebvu vashandi vake nepamuviri, akapfeka mamvemve uye akatumira kumusha. Kufunganya akazadzwa munyori nyaya "tap." wenyaya nyaya iri zvose zvakananga uye wokufananidzira zvaanoreva. Vanoti kuti kana mugwenga kukweva pamusoro nzeve yake pasi, unogona kunzwa Zoom iri kana kunze vatasvi. Các Hunter, vaifamba tarantas Tula nokuda Filofeem kesimba pamwe mutyairi anonzwa kurira. Nokukurumidza vakavaringana kumusoro, ichivharira nomugwagwa, ane ngoro wakavhomorwa vatatu. Wagon anotonga murefu murume, simba, naye vaiva vamwe varume vatanhatu, vose - akadhakwa. Vakakumbira mari. Kugamuchira - akasiya. Luck rikabuda muridzi pamusangano makororo, asi nokukurumidza, sezvinoratidzwa nyaya, pasi zvakafanana ezvinhu murenje, akaurayiwa kuvatengesi.

Imwe neimwe nyaya 25 anoita pachake nuance yaro, mumvuri yose Mucheka muenzaniso woupenyu National "Anocherechedza imwe Hunter". Mufananidzo uri anovhundutsa. Nokuti kunaka hunhu, uye vatambi Russian vanoonekwa pachena glaring evanhu kuzvipokanidza. Yose pfungwa mutero ipfupi rinofanira kuitwa nokukurumidza kudiwa rwakafara hurumende kuchinja nokuda nyika.

mhedziso

Oddly zvakakwana, kwete zamu kuipandukira uye Lyricist Turgenev akatendeuka mubvunzo uyu, sezvo vachiti, "pamwe tsoka musoro." Bhuku akanga akakodzera, vaverengi vauya rudo. Turgenev pachake anoyeuka pechiitiko pachiteshi chezvitima ndakasangana naye, majaya-plebeians vakaratidza kuonga kwavo kubva zvose pamusoro Russia vachikotama kubva muchiuno.

Pakarepo mushure kunyorera muchikwata che Classics yakatakura Chernyshevsky, sydäntä. Zvakaoma kuona basa vaitambira abolition pamusoro serfdom, "Notes ane Hunter" Turgenev. Pfupiso yebhuku navo zvaizivikanwa vanhu vazhinji, asi kuti bhuku iri rakanga mumwe kufarira yaKesari Alexander II, iyo somununuri, vanyori venhau dzakaitika vanoti.