"Beowulf": pfupiso nechitsauko

The-Saxon nhetembo "Beowulf" anozivikanwa nokuda chokwadi kuti ndiro basa rokutanga Chirungu. Zvichida, asi nhetembo rakanyorwa mazana emakore akawanda risati chokutanga-Saxon mmusik uye nyanduri, ane zita anoramba USINGAZIKAMWI. Unoratidza yomusi VIII-XI emakore, apo zviito akatsanangura nhetembo kuitika muna V-VII emakore.

Nyaya rinopa zvarongwa "Beowulf" nhetembo, pfupiso zvitsauko kana makuru mativi uye pfupi kuongorora huru misoro.

Nhoroondo akapoteredza nhetembo

Nhetembo "Beowulf" anonzi kuva chizvarwa Chirungu, asi pane imwe nhamba ezvinhu zvinoedza maonero ichi. Pasinei nokuti nhetembo yakanga yakanyorwa-Saxon nyanduri, lyrics zano aizivikanwa pakati vanhu refu asati VIII remakore.

In mashoma emakore asati pakusikwa zvinyorwa kuBritish Isles, navanhu panguva parutivi vaCelt, vakanga akabatwa marudzi Nordic vaiuya navo, kuwedzera mutauro netsika, ayo ngano. Zvinonzi kwakaratidza kuti zvarongwa nhetembo unogona kuonekwa Air ngano rokutanga kunyange asati madzinza eGermany tikamira kumhenderekedzo England.

mabhuku chimiro

Zvinofungidzirwa kuti rwiyo Beowulf zvakanyorwa chedetembo, asi haina zvikuru kunowirirana tsika canons wenhetembo. Kufanana nevamwe mabasa mazhinji vepakutanga yeMiddle Ages, "Beowulf" ndokukweverwazve kumusoro muchimiro rwiyo kana ballad, uye zvakanyorwa kuti vaimbi vaiva nyore kuyeuka guru yakawanda nguva (ari nhetembo 3182). "Beowulf" iri Summary, uye kunyange shanduro kubva Old Chirungu vakarasika chaizvo inzwi rayo.

Song chimiro Ages kwaibva ndima, asi "Beowulf" - basa saka mangwanani, hapana ane navo. Kutaura zvazviri, rugwaro urwu zvinosanganisira zvinopfuura zviuru zvitatu yamahwindo, kwete vakaparadzana uye hapana akambomiswa. Kuti tidzivise kuvhiringidzika, vaimbi nziyo, uchishandisa unyanzvi kuti alliteration, izvo zvinokosha phonetic hurongwa yokudzokorora. percussion ruzha uye anombomira.

Alliteration inoshandiswa mumutsetse nerimwe nhetembo "Beowulf". Pfupiso yebhuku pamwe anowanika papi kune chepakutanga (mu Old Chirungu) ne zvakawanda kurondedzerwa pakuverenga yakarurama kuchabatsira kuongorora sensitivities nzira Kuwedzerwa rwiyo. A kunyanya rinokosha kutamba mutinhimira Mitsetse uye vachisiyanisa inzwi kwenzwi uye kumhanya kuverenga.

Rwiyo Beowulf: pfupiso uye mamiriro

Somunhu rwiyo, "Beowulf" rinoita nezvinodiwa avhareji Ages mabiko. Chii chinonyanya aida kunzwa vateereri? Chokwadi, ngano voumhare, ushingi uye hondo simba, umo zvakaipa zvose akakundwa.

Zvarongwa nhetembo - mabasa Air murwi ainzi Beowulf mbiri. Sezvo inokodzera Epic rwiyo Beowulf rinonyatsotarira hondo ngano zvisikwa, chipo rinopfuura revanhu simba. Mune nhetembo hondo zvitatu: maviri okutanga kutevera mumwe, kupemberera simba protagonist uye kuti hazvisi kwese kuti Genre, mari chaiyo nzeve yezvakaita murwi, maitiro ake kure dzeminda.

Chechitatu, kurwa yokupedzisira riri pamusoro umhare pokufa gamba muzita kuchengeteka vanhu vayo. It Ndiwo Air mabhuku, akazara zvisikwa rengano uye kukunda dzevanhu pamusoro pavo. Panguva iyoyowo, tsananguro hondo, akazoteverwa nayo, uye kunyanya mhedziso, pane wandei, zviri zvachose kwete chaiwo kwete chete nokuti ngano amarudzi eGermany, asiwo Ages yakakura rose, izvo zvinowedzera yokusiyana uye nechekare mumwe detembo mhando "Beowulf ".

Zviri misoro inobva rwiyo mamiriro, iyo yakakamurwa mupfungwa zvikamu zvitatu zvakafanana zvitatu chikuru hunhu hondo pamwe zvakaipa.

A pfupi kuongorora huru misoro

First-Saxon epos zvinosanganisira zvinhu kuti havasi kwese kuti tsika kuBritish Isles. Zvarongwa detembo iri zvachose Air, uye anozivisa rwiyo Beowulf kubva dzinoverengeka Western Europe Ages epics.

Against pakanyorwa hariperi dingindira hondo pakati pezvakanaka nezvakaipa, apo zvakanaka nguva dzose ari mukundi, pasinei mutengo kukunda, mune rwiyo Beowulf kurondwa Misoro, kwese kunyanya nokuda Air ngano:

• Kukosha pfuma uye zvipo.
• A chaiyo pfungwa, izvo zvombo uye nezvombo.
• Vachirumbidza simba uye chimiro, kwete chete mhare, asiwo Anti magamba.
• Zvakawanda Mafungiro kuti pedyo marudzi - chido chokubatsira mudambudziko uye akagadzirira kurwisa kubva kurutivi yavo isina kutombokodzera nguva.

The-Saxon nhetembo "Beowulf": pfupi nyaya kugutsikana

Kufanana zvose Ages epics, wokutanga-Saxon nhetembo inorumbidza simba, agility, uye heroism nemauto. Retelling nyaya nhetembo inogona kukamurwa huru zvitatu zveefa kuti uwirirane hondo vatatu gamba.

Kuti nyore kuti retelling pebindu muchidimbu "Beowulf," nyore nzira kukamurwa muzvikamu zvidiki zvishanu:

• Nhanganyaya kana kwamagwaro.
• The muhondo Grendel.
• Hondo naamai Grendel vake.
• Hondo nedhiragoni.
• Mhedziso.

Zvisinei, chinofanira kufungawo chimiro rwiyo-nhetembo "Beowulf". Pfupiso yebhuku nhetembo rinokamukana kuva zvakawanda kumativi nokuda zvikuru vhoriyamu.

Nhanganyaya uye kwamagwaro. chikamu One

Nhanganyaya uye kujairirana vatambi uye mamiriro ezvinhu vari, kugara vanenge 200 nziyo hungiso. Kufanana nevamwe vakawanda vepakutanga epics kuEurope mabhuku, nematsananguriro nokururamisira yakatodzama ezvinhu uye rinotanga munhetembo Beowulf. Summary wokutanga mitsetse sezvinotevera.

Mundima yokutanga, munyori otaura vaverengi madzimambo makuru dzekare, aitonga anokudzwa Danish vanhu. Panzvimbo yavo yakauya simba Mambo Hrothgar, ane utungamiri pasi umambo akakura uye akabudirira. Hrothgar akavaka imba hombe kuti mabiko uye kwemazuva mazhinji kunakidza kupemberera varwi Danish mariri.

Ruzha uye kaatuu mafaro Akakwezva husina doro chikara ainzi Grendel. First pissed Grendel vakakakatira uye ukaparadza 300 inobwinya varwi, uye akatanga kuuya ose usiku kusvikira imba huru haisi ndima uye rima, kuva nenzvimbo pane mutambo horo.

Hrothgar zvikuru kumbozvidemba varwi vakarasika, asi kuziva pamusoro incredible simba chechikara, haana kuda kubvunza vomunyika dzavo kuzorwa Grendel.

Chechipiri: kujairirana huru mutambi

Kunzwa pamusoro njodzi yakarova Danish hama, asvika Higelaka mambo, vachitonga Gautami. muzukuru simba King Beowulf dzakazvipira kuenda kushambira Hrothgar kubatsira kukunda chikara. Beowulf akaunganidza kukupfura ravarwi gumi uye yakarova mugwagwa.

Nechikepe kune mhenderekedzo Denmark, Beovulv nevaunotamba navo mumitambo akatuma kudare Hrothgar. Munziramo vanhu vanoshamiswa yacho uye simba berths varwi uye kutarisira ibatsirwe.

Vazhinji mazana mitsetse, kudzidzisa muverengi kuti Beowulf, Rakakwanira tsanangudzo zvombo uye zvombo Gautskoy squads. Anounzwa munyaya muchidimbu "Beowulf" haasi kuteerera anotsanangura mifananidzo, kunyange zvinokosha kuziva kuti chombo anogamuchira chaiyo pfungwa munyori rose rwiyo.

The muhondo Grendel. chikamu One

Grendel - mumwe matatu vaimushora simba, hondo iyo chinoumba chikuru chikamu nhetembo "Beowulf". Zviri hondo nokuda bhuku mitsetse nyore muzvikamu zviviri.

Beowulf, Hrothgar nechikepe vachiita zvavo awa kubatsirwa, rinopa tariro kune vokuDenmark, uye anondimutsa mweya kunakidzwa nazvo. Hrothgar kujairana dzezvakaitwa simba Gaouth uye pamutambo kukudzwa gamba Beowulf anopikira kana vakakunda chaizvo zvipo zvinodhura uye zvose kuti musoja chete kubvunza.

Zvisinei, kwete nyaya dzose mambo Danish configured zvakanaka. Shanje Unfert kuderedza simba uye kubwinya Beowulf, vachifanotaura rufu rwake ari duel pamwe Swamp Thing. Beowulf, pasinei hwake uye kusava nenguva nedzenyu zvinoitika, hazvipindi mberi pamusoro nyanyisa Unferta uye zvakakwana remhosva Vanakangana.

Chikamu Chechipiri: The muhondo chikara

Warriors agumise mutambo mangwanani uye usiye gautskuyu kukupfura yakafarikana yomutambo imba kutarisira Grendel. Beowulf anoenda kurara pasina zvombo uye nezvombo, nekuti anoziva kuti chikara anogona chete kukundwa simba vakaenzana uye unyanzvi.

Pakati pousiku Grendel dzikapinda mumba uye anobata mumwe murwi. Uchimuka, Beowulf pakarepo anorova pamusoro muvengi uye zvakasimba akadzvinya paw yake yakakura. Battle pamwe Grendel inorema uye refu, shato hombe uye simba nomurwi, asi, pasinei ichi, Beowulf haana anoputsa simbi makabatisisa nebandauko Grendel. Mangwanani aneta chikara kuhondo inoita vachinyara kufamba uye Beowulf aine simba rokuputsa gumbo rake, iyo ine crunch musisiri kubva mumuviri. Kutya Grendel anotiza mu doro rake, apo iye anofa maronda. chikara ruoko anoramba ari vaenzi, uye Beowulf mumaoko ake chipo Hrothgar.

Hondo naamai Grendel vake

Mushure yakanaka uye rinorema kukunda pamusoro Grendel, Beowulf anogamuchira zvakakodzera kurumbidza, vapfumi zvipo uye kuonga Hrothgar uye varwi vose Danish. Munhu wose anogara pasi kuti tipembere uye vachimirira kuuya mai kwazvo Grendel, uyo dzikapinda mumba uye anobata shamwari yepedyo uye chipangamazano Hrothgar. Kuva simba uye zvakawanda kungwaririra mwanakomana, iye pakarepo anomanyira doro rake, vachikweva shure akuvara.

King Beowulf akarwadziwa uye anokumbira kamwe zvakare kubatsira Danish umambo. Zvinokudzwa Gaut vakagadzirira kutevera shato huru doro, asi kwete vasati kupfeka ake bara rinorema zvombo uye anotakura naye nomunondo yekare zvinogona kutema chinhu. Mune chiitiko rufu rwake, Beowulf anokumbira Hrothgar zvipo Higelaku. Vakaungana, gautsky murwi ndiro ropa kutevera kuti deveteve uye dives zvakadzika.

Zuva rose iri akatura kuna pasi Beowulf kundorwisa doro zvikara. Nokuda zvombo, Murwi anosvika Grendel musha vakachengeteka. Ikoko, musi pasi doro, mai akatsamwa agere pamusoro nemuviri mwanakomana wake. It pakarepo acharwisa Beowulf, clasping kuti muviri wake scaly uye tisingabvumiri kurova zvakasununguka. Kurwisa avo, izvo anokwanisa kuita murwi, regai kukonzera zvakaipa kuti chikara. Kuyeuka munondo simba, Beowulf simba chatakagara muvengi uye zvaanodurura chete rova, pakarepo akagura musoro chikara.

Mazuva mashoma Beowulf achisimuka pemvura doro, apo akanga akamirira kare wakaora mamwe masoja uye Hrothgar. Paakaona adziviswa musoro chikara, King rinorumbidza simba uye vakashinga Beowulf uye kuonga ake basa ravo. At mabiko chokuremekedza kukunda rechipiri Hrothgar vanonyora nziyo ushingi gautskogo murwi uye anovimbisa kuti mabasa ake acharamba achirangarirwa nokusingaperi.

Hondo nedhiragoni. chikamu One

Magamba romuMiddle epics kashoma tisvike kukwegura, kunyanya mu mabasa kwakavakirwa Odin mungano, apo mukuru chinangwa ndirwo rufu murwi muhondo mbiri, iyo runovimbisa gamba iri Valhalla.

Zvaakanga chikamu hondo dzakawanda uye nokuwanza kubwinya kwayo muchiuto, Beowulf anomanikidzwa kutora chigaro sekuru vake Higelaka. Mukutungamirira kwake, pasi Gautam Anonakidzwa uye inokura mupfumi. Beowulf makore akawanda akatonga umambo hwake uye kuchengetedza nokuchengeteka vemo. Pano iye akwegura uye anonzwa pedyo nokuguma kwoupenyu mbiri. All kuti anobvunza seshasha murwi - kusiya ino nyika muhondo uye awane Valhalla.

Kwete kure youmambo usina kufukidzwa aipfuura akawana pfuma kurindwa nevakuru dhiragoni akarara. Vasingazivi migumisiro, akatora kubva murwi zvishongo ndiyo mukombe duku imwe chete, asi zibukanana, achiona kuba, akamuka ndokutanga urwise pedyo nemisha. Nokukurumidza mutinhimira nyoka mapapiro yaisvika Beowulf, uyo akanga apika mazuva ake okupedzisira kudzivirira vagari chero dambudziko. King akarayira kuumba anorema nhoo kuidzivirira kubva shato wacho rimi uye vachigadzirira okupedzisira, anofunga kurwa muupenyu hwangu.

Chikamu Chechipiri: rufu umhare Beowulf

Vachitora kupinda conductors ari anotambudzika kwazvo mbavha uye anoshongwa diki kukupfura, Gautam King chivindi anoenda kunosangana mugumo wake. Paaienda nzvimbo inogara nyoka varwi nezvinoda yomoto karwizi, kuburikidza pazviri pasingabviri kutama. Beowulf mhere anokwezvawo shato kurwa.

Kuona vanotyisa moto-kufema nyoka, varwi tiza, ndokusiya mambo wavo. akashinga Wiglaf muduku chete inogara pedyo Beowulf. Old Warrior zvaanodurura akarova kuti dragoni bakatwa, asi simba haazi chete, uye kwegore risingapindiki zviyero nyoka munondo paradzanisa nepakati. Dragon Beowulf inoruma kuburikidza pamutsipa uye kubva ronda ropa runoyerera. Maererano Wiglaf, achida kubatsira mambo wake, anoita shato yepanchi mudumbu, nokupisa rwake.

Kuunganidza simba rake rokupedzisira, mambo nebanga mumwe refu munondo muruoko parutivi nyoka ine simba zvokuti chikara anodonhedza akafa. Beowulf akakunda zvakare, asi vanga raifanira afa. In ake nguva yokupedzisira Mambo akaonga vamwari kuti kusunungurwa pfuma uye bequeaths chake choushe Wiglaf uye basa pamusoro pavanhu.

mhedziso

Last Will anokudzwa Beowulf - akapisa muviri wake pamahombekombe, ugodira pamusoro guru murwi madota, iyo vachaona vezvikepe kubva kumhara umambo.

Murombo varwi akatya, chakarembera ake, kudzoka panzvimbo yamambo rufu, apo wakaora Wiglaf vachiri kuedza ararame. Mukomana mugari wenhaka pachigaro zvikuru kutsiura kukupfura nokuda woumbwende dzavo uye akati kuti simba kwake chiito kuchaunza mameseji gautskomu vanhu zvino kuti Beowulf haagoni kuvadzivirira. Wiglaf anotaurazve hondo dzakavakidzana madzinza, vari chete achimirira rufu King gautskogo.

Vanhu ndagumburwa uye mwoyo mashoko rufu Beowulf. muviri wayo panosimuka moto tsika, uye vachichema kwevanhu muffles murazvo ichidzvova. Murwi muviri kwaMambo uchidururwa pamusoro pamawere kuti kunotangira mugungwa.