Bill vimbiso. Forms uye mitemo kuita mari

Kuchengetedzeka, izvo ngaateme uye kufamba kweropa yaidzorwa Exchange mutemo unonzi rugwaro exchange. Kugadzwa ake - mune mari kugutsa chikwereti munhu (kureva chikwereti) kune mumwe munhu (kureva, mukweretesi). Copyright kweboka kuchengetedzeka mhando iyi inogona kune kupati wechitatu pasina mvumo kubva munhu uzvinyore, asi mirairo muridzi.

Bhiri kunozivikanwa sezvo yepakutanga chimiro kuchengetedzeka. Ndiye wokutanga, mangwanani chaizvo munyika chinokosha akaparadzirwa kuchengeteka iyo mukuru kana mudiki papi kwaiva nedzimwe mhando dzose kuchengetedzeka. Zvino bhiri chikatsiviwa wevimbiso akacherechedza.

Nhasi, bhiri achiri kushingaira, asi nzvimbo yacho munyika kuchengetedzeka zvinopfuura mwero achimuenzanisa kusungwa kana mumatanda.

Musiyano

The wevimbiso kucherechedzwa chikwereti kuchengeteka, ukuwo mugove - Equity. Dzibatane navo chete chikwereti guru pane wawo zvinobatsira kana chinokosha.

Kubva zvisungo bhiri chinosiyanisa vamwe nokurondedzerwa chaidzo siyana ariko zvose kuchengetedzeka:

- huchashandiswa kungashandiswa sechekushandisa Masvomhu uye kubhadhara, iri zvachose wairambidzwa pazvisungo;

- chisungo nyaya inofanira hayo kunyorwa nehurumende, nokuti mari hazvina inopiwa;

- chisungo titengese pamusoro chibvumirano waakazvitengesa, bhiri iri chete pamusoro hurongwa munhu muridzi wavo;

- chisungo - bepa anobuda, bhiri ane hunhu (kunyange pane mapato makuru ari bhiri pamusika), etc ...

Two siyana wevimbiso manotsi

Vazhinji kuzivikanwa mhando - nyore uye rugwaro exchange.

Chokutanga, dzimwe nguva inonzi wevimbiso katsamba, ndiyo Mhedziso mutoro (kana isiyo) kubhadhara mari chikwereti chikwereti. Uye chete pasi ezvinhu nezvaro bhiri. Kutaura zvazviri, izvi IOU payer.

It atara wevimbiso chinyorwa pakuguma chinhu kutengeserana, pasina munhu mutengi inodiwa kubhadhara chitsama. Asi vakapa akachengeteka, izvo mutengesi pa yakati penguva anofanira kuwanikwa raanotaura wevimbiso chitsamba uwandu. Pamusoro yapfuura kuti anaro kunoita kuti mutengi (kureva chikwereti) bhiri anowana mari yake. A nechikwereti anogamuchira kuchengeteka, iyo yava seva kuzodzimwa. Chisarudzo wevimbiso katsamba muzita mukweretesi.

The bhiri wechipiri, akadana bhiri - ndarayira kuti anonzi Mhedziso, kubva munhu akapa izvozvo, chikwereti chacho kubhadhara mamiriro chinyatsotsanangurwa mupepa mari kune yechitatu bato (chitsamba pedhi). Ndizvo rugwaro mukutsinhana gwaro rakanyorwa kuti rine pachako ari kuti uchatamisa akati mari kuti kunze bato.

Zvinoreva bhiri iri pachena kubva rokuti - nayo anoshandurwa chikwereti kubva kune mumwe munhu. Kazhinji, iyo kumucheri (uyo anonyora paper) panguva imwe une ngava uye mukweretesi hwomumwe munhu. Naizvozvo, bhiri prescribes yaida ngava kubhadhara haisi kumucheri, asi zvakananga chikwereti.

Zvinokosha bhiri sezvo chokumbofanobata

Chero kuchengeteka - kunyatsoteerera yakarongwa gwaro. Naizvozvo, magadzirirwo upi mhando wevimbiso kucherechedzwa pasi chinokosha mitemo.

Zvinokosha munhu wevimbiso katsamba:

- wevimbiso manotsi chitaridzi, kuti chiratidzo kuti "wevimbiso kucherechedza";

- the kubhadhara imwe mari iri hapana nzira yakafanira;

- huwandu akaratidza manhamba uye mashoko (padzimwe kuti bepa maturo);

- deadlines nokuda kwokuripirwa chikwereti;

- nzvimbo musangano billholder;

- Zita uye Kero payee (kana vane zvirevo achaita kubhadhara);

- nzvimbo uye musi azere kugadzirira mari;

- siginicha of kumucheri (chete pachake).

Zvinokosha bhiri akasiyana chete bhiri chiratidzo ( "rugwaro zvokutsinhanisa"), imwe chinodiwa kwakakwana kubhadhara mapepa ichi mumwe mari, uyewo zita payer uye ake kwaunenge.

Huwandu bhiri sechinhu Prop

Uye ari nyore, uye bhiri chitsama chikwereti akaratidza manhamba uye mashoko kudzokororwa. Kana kusabvumirana bhiri anoonekwa isunungurwe panguva mari inoratidzwa nemashoko. Kana vanopfuura mumwe - chaizvoizvo ane mari shoma. Pamutemo zvinodiwa havabvumirwi kuputsa chikwereti munzvimbo dzakawanda kumativi kana nguva. Nokuti bhiri kuzivikanwa tiivistelmä kuzvipira kubhadhara yakati mari, zvisinei mhaka issuance.

Kubvumirwa kuti ape bhiri kuti uwandu akati muzana. Vanogona vanobatanidzwa zvachose muripo kana dziri yoga. Uyezve, kuti chimbadzo achava rinoshanda kana rugwaro akasimbisa apererwa nenguva kuti muripo iri kudiwa kana pane imwe nguva yacho. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kunyange kana mwero raanotaura, kuti payer anekodzero kwete kubhadhara mubereko.

Kero chikwereti uye rake zita

Kana payer of bhiri - vakanyorwa repamutemo, ipapo sezvo zvokushandisa vanofanira kutaridzwa zvizere zita nekero pamutemo. Kana chikwereti - munhu panyama, ari zvachose akaratidza zita rake uye patronymic, uyewo nzvimbo kunyoresa uye pasipoti Data. Nokuti wevimbiso kucherechedza kuti zvakakwana. In bhiri iri kumucheri uye chikwereti - vanhu vakasiyana. Naizvozvo, pepa iri mashoko, uye akawedzera yechipiri kero uye zita munhu.

mubhadharo ezvinhu

A wevimbiso chitsamba nekanzuru chikwereti, iye prescribes saka bepa ake kubhadhara runodiwa uwandu.

Transferable wevimbiso manotsi rakapa kuti payer wacho chikwereti, asi nemamiriro kubhadhara chikwereti kupati wechitatu - akakweretesa of kumucheri. Naizvozvo, bhiri harina mutoro uye chinodiwa kuti abhadhare chikwereti.

Maturities mari

Pamutemo vanongoda sezvinotevera:

- "riri kudiwa". Kureva, rekukwazisa bhiri kudare, muripo akaita. Izvi zvinofanira kuitika mukati gore kubva musi bhiri mashoko, kana isina waiti musi chaiwo. Kana kunonoka bhiri anova ndedzenhema.

- ". In imwe nguva pashure mharidzo" chikwereti mubhadharo anoenda kuburikidza yakanatsa nguva mushure pakunamata musi. Inofanira ngadzirambe dziri pamberi bhiri fomu. chiratidzo ichi ndicho mvumo chaidzo kudzoka chikwereti kana masikati kutsutsumwa ari kugamuchirwa.

- "Mune rimwe nguva rokugadzirira" - kudzoka kunoitika mushure yakanatsa mazuva kubva musi vaigadzirira bhiri.

- "On rimwe zuva" - chikwereti muripo rinofanira kuitwa pazuva nezvaro kuchengeteka.

Pasina rokuti the bhiri anogona kupiwa kubva musi kwokunyoreswa racho kubhadharwa mukati gore rimwe. Kana bepa hariratidzi musi nenguva mubhadharo panguva iyoyowo, bhiri iri rishaye.

Place mutsividzo

Kana chokumbofanobata asina waiti zvimwe, nzvimbo muripo rinozivikanwa nzvimbo yacho nechikwereti. Kana bhiri iri haana kupinda panzvimbo muripo uye nzvimbo payer, zvinova zvazvinoreva. Uyewo akawanda nzvimbo yamunenge muripo.

Date uye nenzvimbo bepa

Location of nechikwereti uye nenzvimbo vanyorwa bhiri angasava zvakafanana. Zvisinei, kana panzvimbo kunyorwa wevimbiso manotsi zvisina kunyorwa, pepa anoonekwa kunyorwa kubva panzvimbo iri pedyo zita nechikwereti. Kana bhiri harina chero nzvimbo idzi kana haazovipo, kuchengeteka iri repealed.

Musi kugadzirira mabhiri - chinhu pokutanga kuchikosha, sezvo rinotanga nguva pakunamata uye mitoro pasi bhiri. Iye anofanira akaonekwa ndonda kana iine musi hazvishandi mufanidzo.

siginicha

Anoiswa pazasi zvizere zita uye nzvimbo yacho nechikwereti panzvimbo dzapasi zvakanaka wekona, uye chete noruoko. Kana gwaro iri chasainwa isangano repamutemo, ipapo kunze siginicha yake, zvaida siginicha mukuru zveakaunzi uye bhizimusi chidhindo. The invalidity bhiri achaitwa kuzivikanwa pasina munhu siginicha / siginicha. Uyewo, kana gwaro iri rinosainwa nomunhu kana asiri aripo pasina kodzero kusaina nayo.

nezvaidzivirira

Uye kuti zviri nyore, uye rugwaro mitemo inopa mamwe vimbiso kubvuma kuripwa chokumbofanobata nokuda achibudisa bhiri vimbiso (Munthanai). It inopiwa dzebato wechitatu (kazhinji mubhengi) nokuti zvose chikuru payer, uye nokuda mumwe basa-vatakuri pamusoro bhiri.

Munthanai - chaiyo IAA pamberi divi gwaro kana panguva chiwedzerwa pepa (allonge). Rinoti: ani akakurayirai bhengi zvinovimbisa, zuva uye nzvimbo nyaya. Uye kuti akaisa chidhindo kubhengi uye siginicha yaro yokutanga vakuru. "Sezvo Munthanai" - aya vakaziva chaiwo. Asi zvinokwanisika kushandisa zvimwe rakakodzera zvaanoreva.

Rubatso pasi bhiri (rubatso) achatakura kwemajoini chikwereti kuita. Kana bepa akaripira rubatso, kodzero kunobva gwaro zvikanzwika kwaari.

Rubatso sangano zvemari chete anogona kuita. Kuti munhu wechisikigo munhu uye kunyange zviri pamutemo, chero anogona nhaka solvency, bhiri zvinovimbisa havagoni kupa.

Chii anopa rubatso

Pane zvikonzero, zvisingakwanisi kubatsira kukura bhiri akaparadzirwa munyika. Heano mamwe acho:

- kusavimba vanhu (rwokuzvarwa kana pamutemo) kuti akapa bhiri;

- zvingangoita kubiridzira;

- kusavapo munyika yedu mabhiri kugadzirira uye chizvidavirire hurongwa;

- asina chinyatsotsanangurwa mitemo rokutsanya vakaraira bhiri mari kuramba kubhadhara chikuru payer (kana insolvency), uye vamwe.

mitemo yedu rinoisa bhiri, pakati pezvimwe kuchengetedzeka panguva yakaderera chinzvimbo, uye izvi zvinoita kuti chokwadi kuti kana kusauka yacho kumucheri nyaya kuti kukuvadza vachava vokupedzisira vari mutsetse.

Zvaakatonga nzira nokuti akafanana zvemari dzinofunga vanokweverwa refu kwazvo, uye anovimbisa hapana anopa yakanaka mugumisiro. Naizvozvo, Lenders uye edza kuti vazvidzivirire mberi kupfurikidza achibudisa rubatso. Hazvinei nokuti chii chinangwa akaita kushandisa zvikwereti, rubatso inova nebato kuti bhiri riparadzirwe. Uyezve, kodzero, akaenzana nevamwe vanhu kuti asaine gwaro.

Zvinokanganisa wacho

Oddly zvakakwana, asi bhiri vimbiso asingadi kupa zvinovimbisa mhedziso imwe dzosera. Naizvozvo, kana imi kuti gwaro iri nhamba mitemo chaizvo zvinofanira kutevedzerwa. Vanobvumira kuderedza zvichibvira dambudziko kushoma. Paradza kubva zvose asingatarisirwi, zvichida, nei bhiri iri kuonekwa kuchengeteka mukuru ngozi.

Chokutanga, tinofanira kubvunza gweta yepamusoro uyo anoziva zvose nuances ose bhiri mutemo. Anotanga na vachiongorora kuti masikirwo chokumbofanobata uye vimbiso yake. Chero misprint, typo kana inaccuracy kuti mashoko inogona chikonzero icho muiti anoramba kubhadhara nemashoko akashandiswa "urema chimiro".

Munzvimbo yechipiri, gweta achaongorora rubatso. Uyezve, solvency - kwete chinhu chikuru. Unofanira kuteerera bumbiro iri sangano (kambani). Dzimwe dziri nemastatutory ngadzirambe chinzvimbo kurambidzwa kwema chokuita bhiri vimbiso. Uye kana vachiri chero mukuru sangano (kambani) akasaina rugwaro, ipapo Munthanai basa inowira pamusoro pake. Zvisinei, kushandisa simba vacharangwa. Pane zviitiko apo chokumbofanobata anogona chete kupa musoro kambani, uye kunyange Mutevedzeri yake kodzero iyi haisi. Sezvinotarisirwa, vimbiso inopiwa munhu akadaro, uyewo rinobatanidza zvinetso zvakakura.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti rubatso anogara pangozi nokusaina bhiri. Pashure pezvose, kambani (kana munhu) kuti rakapa bhiri uye vakaramba kuchibhadhara, vachambokanganwa basa riri rubatso. mitemo Russian panyaya iyi ine nguva dzose akaomesa musoro. Kunyange kana ichiidzwa kuti mudhirowa akatanga utsinye, uye aitarisira zviito zvavo kuti ataure co-signer akanyengedza, kunyange izvi hazvirevi kumubatsira kubva basa. Ndiko kubhadhara chikwereti vacharamba kuti.

Kutenga wevimbiso manotsi

nzira iyi kuonekwa kumwe rakavimbika uye akakurumbira pakati zviridzwa yakafanana zvemari mune kuchengetedzeka pamusika. mabhiri echibvumirano - iri kunobatsira Achishandisa muripo, asiwo mukana rakabudirira mubhizimisi kwete chete.

Mari anogona vaunze vanonzi kubhadhara Exchange. Vari mhosva pamusoro chikwereti mari raanotaura bhiri. Mubereko inobereka wevimbiso manotsi rakapa chete "riri kudiwa", "riri kudiwa asi kwete kwokutanga pane musi yakakurumbira" uyewo "pane imwe nguva yacho." The kukarukureta yakaitwa yose nguva (mazuva) rakachengeteka kuwana mudhirowa. Tanga musi - ndiwo musi vaigadzirira bhiri kana nhamba nezvaro racho. Uyezve, kuti Civil Code kutaura kuti kuverengwa rinotanga kubva rakatevera kubva musi kurondedzerwa. Zvino Bank of Russia anopa tsananguro iyi: nomusi chaiwo placement pamusoro bhiri iri haana kuiswawo pakati chizvidavirire nguva iri wevimbiso chitsamba mubereko.

End musi mubereko nguva - kukura musi (zvichibatanidzwa). Sezvingatarisirwa, nguva iyo mubereko rinowanikwa, irege kuva kupfuura nguva inopedzerwa pasi vakachengeteka aripe.

Nokuti munhu anobhadhara mubereko pamusoro bhiri, akatanga imwe hurongwa yokuwana mazuva pakurapa kuchengetedzeka pamwedzi. Vari akaverenga sezvinotevera:

- Kana kufarira dzakava nomwedzi wokutanga - musi pakutanga kusvikira pazuva rokupedzisira romwedzi uyu;

- Kana mubereko dzakava pakunamata mumwedzi pasi - zuva romwedzi ano musi hwacho kuti kuzviisa pasi wokutanga;

- kana zvimwe mwedzi upi - kuwanda nekarenda mazuva.