"Brave World Itsva": pfupiso. "Brave World New" - imwe itsva ne Aldous Huxley

Kuti tinzwisise zvinorehwa prose chisikwa zvakadzama, kwerubwinyo rwakagara rwuripo ukoshi kusora pfupiso mabasa. "Brave World New" - mumwe itsva ine yakadzika pfungwa, rakanyorwa nomunyori imwe maonero. Oldos Haksli akanyora kunoshamisa rondedzero, pabindu rakanga kukura yesayenzi rwokugadzira. Ake chokwadi Kutarira akakatyamadza vaverengi zvose.

Kana chiitiko kuchaita uzivi yake akamutungamirira kuti akafa magumo, Huxley akafarirawo zvitendwa uye kudzidza dzidziso Eastern nevafungi. Kunyanya Akafarira zano zvinomutsa yevanhu-amphibian dzakashandisa nezvokuvapo zvose zvinogoneka rwokuzvarwa ezvinhu. Pakupera hwake, akati chinhu kuti nhasi inoita unofunga wose sei kurarama zvakanaka. Izvi zvakanga pamwero anoudza Roman Haksli "Brave New World", pfupiso iyo pachena inokosha zvinoreva basa.

Huxley kuramba vachiedza kuwana zvinoreva kuvapo, vachifunga panguva dzinokosha matambudziko evanhu. Somugumisiro, akasvika pamhedziso rwamuchangobva kuda Ngaaropafadzwe Kinder nomumwe. Izvozvo chii akaona chete mhinduro dzese mibvunzo yepasi kuvapo.

oupenyu gadzira

Oldos Leonard Haksli akaberekwa Godalmine Vancouver (UK). Mhuri yake yakanga akapfuma uye vaiva kirasi pakati. Great humanist Metyu Arnold anouya rwaamai kuhama dzake. Leonard Haksli, baba munyori yemberi, aiva mupepeti, akanyora oupenyu uye enhetembo mabasa. Muna 1908, Aldous akaenda kudzidza panguva College of Eton muna Berkshire uye akadzidza imomo kusvikira 1913. Ndava nemakore 14, akatambura rokutanga zvakakomba nedambudziko - rufu mai. Yakanga isiri chete muedzo kuti mugumo amugadzirira.

Paakanga ava 16, akanga achirwara ne keratitis. Matambudziko zvakanga zvakakomba - vanenge 18 mwedzi akanyangarika chose zvaakaratidzwa. Asi Aldous haana kukanda mapfumo, akadzidza Braille, uye ipapo pashure kunowedzera vachidzidziswa aigona kuverenga chaidzo magirazi. Kuburikidza nesimba kuda, akaramba zvidzidzo ake, uye muna 1916, iye akabata BA kubva Oxford Balliol College akanga paakavapa. Mamiriro hutano munyori haana kumubvumira kuti arambe basa rake zvesayenzi. Enda aisakwanisa kurwa, saka Huxley akasarudza kuva munyori. Muna 1917 iye akawana basa iri War London Office, uye gare gare akava mudzidzisi pa mumakoreji Eaton uye Repton. The maviri Wanga Wairatidza ushamwari DH Lawrence ravo vadyi rwokuenda Italy uye France (wakarebesa akagara Italy). Ikoko akanyora dzakasiyana chimedu, izvo zvinoratidza ane pachake kwetarisiro nzanga ramangwana. Kuti tinzwisise kuti munyori anenge paakapiwa kwaro zvisikwa, kuchabatsira pfupiso ake. "Brave World Itsva" rinogona kunzi yokufungidzira-kushevedzera vanhu vose.

Tsamba

World mamiriro - iri pachimiro dystopia. Ichatonga zvine mbiri yaitonga rakatsiga - 632-Year Chizvarwa Ford. Mutongi, uyo anonzi "Ishe Ford wedu" - anozivikanwa vose musiki guru motokari dzesangano. Chehurumende - technocracy. Vana vari dzabudapo chaiyo incubators. Kuti varege kunokanganisa runyararo, vanhu asati aberekwa vari ezvinhu akasiyana, uye vari rakakamurwa vemapoka - Arifa, Beta, wegamma, Delta uye epsilon. Mumwe vanhu vakaderera akaisa dzokupfeka zvakafanana ruvara.

Subservience kuna yepamusoro vemapoka uye ezasi vemapoka vanoregeredza vakauya vanhu kubva pakuberekwa, pakarepo mushure Raskuporki. Kuti tinzwisise kuti munyori anoona nyika, kuchabatsira pfupiso. "Brave World New" - mumwe yokufungidzira rakanyorwa Huxley makore mazhinji akapfuura - Unoratidza zviitiko zviri kuitika iye zvino munyika chaiyo.

Kupunduka meso Huxley

Chinhu chikuru kuti World State vanhu - ndicho chido Standardization. The Mashoko yatovapo: "The generality. Sameness. Kugadzikana. " Kutaura zvazviri, kubvira paucheche, vanhu venyika vari kushandiswa chokwadi apo ipapo kwoupenyu uye vapenyu. Stories kwavari haapo, nokusachena uye ruzivo - uyewo zvisingakoshi maturo. No mhuri, pasina rudo. Kubva achiri muduku, vana vanodzidziswa eroottinen mitambo uye accustom anogarokanganiswa kuchinja mumwe, nekuti maererano nepfungwa iyi, mumwe munhu ndezvaiye vose. Art akaparadza, asi nokushingaira anovandudza Entertainment. All zvemagetsi uye chakaita zvokugadzirwa. Uye kana iwe pakarepo akasuruvara, zvose matambudziko huchagadzirisa vaviri magiramu ose soma - mhembwewo zvinodhaka. Pfupiso yacho yokufungidzira, Aldous Huxley, "Brave World Itsva" pamwe vanonyanya kutaurwa kwebasa zivisa vaverengi.

The vanonyanya kutaurwa pamusoro yokufungidzira

Bernard Marx - kunobva Alpha vanhu vakaderera. Haasi chaiwo mumiriri vanhu vake. In oddities vakawanda maitiro ake: kazhinji anofunga pamusoro chinhu, anopinda muna kuora mwoyo, unogona kunzi rudo. Izvi chinokosha Nzira yokufungidzira "Brave New World." Short zviri basa kuchabatsira zvishoma kunzwisisa Mindset ari gamba. Zvinonzi kuchangotanga, kana akanga achiri mazai chenguva duku, pane kutsiva ropa akapinda doro, uye izvi zvose ake strangeness. Linayna Crown zvinoreva vanhu vakaderera yacho Beta. Anokwezva, shapely, mune shoko, "pnevmatichnaya". Iye aifarira Bernard kuti haasi kufanana vose. Hazvina kujairika kwake paakasangana naye nyaya mufaro yenzendo. It anokwevera pamwe rwendo naye New Mexico Reserve. Vavariro chiito magamba dzinogona kurondwa nokuverenga pfupiso. "Brave World New" - mumwe yokufungidzira, uzere manzwiro, saka zvakanaka kuti ndiripedze.

budiriro zano

The vanonyanya kutaurwa zviri yokufungidzira vakasarudza kuenda ichi chisinganzwisisike kuchengeterwa, apo mhuka upenyu vanhu vakasara muchimiro sezvo zvakanga pamberi nguva Ford. MaIndia vanoberekerwa mhuri, vabereki vari vakadzidza, ruzivo zvizere gamut manzwiro, tenda pakunaka. In Malparaiso vari nezvevanakomana yakasiyana nedzimwe tyisa ndiye blond uye anotaura chinhu Chirungu wekare (sezvazvakanyorwa pashure akatendeuka akabuda, akanga adzidza nomusoro bhuku Shakespeare). Zvakaitika kuti vabereki John - Thomas uye Linda - uyewo kamwe akaenda parwendo, asi panguva dutu akarasikirwa mumwe. Thomas akadzoka, uye Linda, uyo aiva nepamuviri uye akanga mwanakomana pano mune Indian musha imwe.

Hazvina kugamuchira, nekuti zvatinosiita kuti mafungiro ake kuvanhu vaiona pano dzakafumuka. Uye nokuda kushaya soma akatanga kudya zvakawanda Indian vodka - mezcal. Bertrand anosarudza kufamba John uye Linda Zaogradny munyika. mai vaJohani inoita zvose yakabudirira kusemburwa, uye umuzodze utsinye. Ari murudo Linaynu, rwakazokura nokuti iye pachake Juliet. Uye kurwadza zvinova kwaari kana iye, kusiyana heroine pamusoro Shakespeare, anoda kuita "vzaimopolzovaniem".

Savage tipone rufu mai, anosarudza kupikisa hurongwa. Chokwadi kuti John idambudziko pano - zvatinosiita muitiro akatsanangura physiology. Kunyange chaizvo vana vadzidze ajairire rufu, zvikuru akatuma nzendo Mumba chirwere chisingarapiki uye kunyange kufara uye paine zviri zvinhu zvakadaro. Vanoritsigira, Bertrand uye Helmholtz, nokuti icho ipapo kuripa kubatana. Savage anoedza vabvume vanhu kurega kudya Catfish, izvo zvose zvitatu kuwana fordeysheotpu Mustapha Mond, inova mumwe gumi Glavnoupraviteley.

gumisiro

Mustapha Mond akavaziva kuti kamwe akanga ari mumamiriro ezvinhu akafanana. In hwake aiva musayendisiti wakanaka, asi nekuti vanhu haashiviriri kuparadzana, yakaiswa pamberi chinangwa. Kubva muutapwa, akaramba uye akava Glavnoupravitelem. Pashure pemakore ose aya kunyange vamwe godo anoti pamusoro kubatana, nekuti ndipo raunganidza chinofadza kupfuura vanhu venyika nemaziso ake pazvose. Savage ari kukumbira chacho, asi nokuda kuedza, anotofanira kugara pano, ari wenzanga yakabudirira. Savage atiza kwebudiriro pamusoro yakanyarara mhepo bhikoni. Anorarama oga, sezvinoita munamati, kutenga mari ichangobva kupfuura zvakafanira, uye anonyengetera kuna mwari wake. Iye kuuya kuzoona sezvo kujairika. Paakanga frenetic kurova chamboko yake pachikomo, mune vazhinji Ndakaona Linaynu. Haagoni omumisa nenhokwe Tyava kwake, vachidanidzira, "Minx!" Makumi maviri-nemana Kwapera maawa, mumwe murume nomudzimai vechiduku kubva London anosvika yechiedza pamusoro rwavakaita. Vakariwana chitunha. Savage aisagona kutsungirira upengo munhu wenzanga yakabudirira, chete zvinoita kutsutsumwa kwaari waiva rufu. Iye akanozvisungirira. Izvi rinogumisa inonakidza nyaya yacho yokufungidzira "Brave New World" by Aldous Huxley. Executive Summary - ichi kunongova rokutanga kuziva chigadzirwa. Kuti munhumbi zvikuru kupinda kwayo zvazviri, kuti yokufungidzira anofanira kuverengwa zvachose.

Kuti munyori aida kutaura?

Nyika zvechokwadi anogona kuuya kuti dzoro zviitiko kuti Huxley akarondedzera kudaro. Izvi zvinogona kunzwisiswa, kunyange kana chete kuverenga pfupiso. "Brave World New" - mumwe yokufungidzira kuti akakodzerwa vainyatsotarisirwa. Hongu, upenyu hwaizova chinovanetsa uye dambudziko isina, asi kwete utsinye kwaisazonyanyova munyika ino. Mariri hakuna nzvimbo vanotenda murume, ake uchenjeri uye chinangwa, uye Chikurukuru - kuti mukana yakasarurwa.

mhedziso

Vaone chigadzirwa pfungwa kuchaita pfupi zviri yokufungidzira "Brave New World." Oldos Haksli mubasa rake kuedza asike mufananidzo utopian vanhu. Asi chido dzakanakira mudziyo akafanana kupenga. Zvinoita sokuti hapana dambudziko, mutemo rikunde, asi panzvimbo kukunda zvakanaka uye chiedza zvose vakauya kutaura kudzikisirana.