Mienzaniso ngano. Mienzaniso duku ngano Genres ngano mabasa

Ngano sezvo ngano chinhu mifananidzo seboka nemafungiro vanhu, izvo zvinoratidza chikuru idealism kwayo uye zviri muupenyu, hwechitendero maonero. basa kwakadaro wakasika, uye rudzi rwose kunooneka nhetembo, chevarwere yemitambo, mapurani, kutamba, uyewo unyanzvi uye rwokugadzira uye unyanzvi okugadzira zvinhu.

Mienzaniso chevarwere vanozviwana munzvimbo zhinji dzemazuva ano upenyu hwevanhu, kubva humming pamusoro lullabies kugumira pakusika fashoni kuunganidza.

Mienzaniso ngano pakutaura zviri kunyanya nziyo chevarwere, zvirevo, mashoko, mashoko, anoshandura chomutsara inoshandiswa nevanhu hwezuva nezuva daily.

Major Russian ngano Genres

Ngano yakakamurwa muzvikamu zvitatu, mumwe nomumwe wayo kuzviitira uye chinangwa pfungwa iri systematized ukuwo, uyewo nzira romubati okuti.

Chokutanga mhando ndiyo pevairwara epos anomirira mabasa hunoratidza chinangwa tinyatsonzwisisa wenyika, oblichonnye mu rondedzero chimiro. Enhetembo mienzaniso ine ngano mhando iyi - dzakasiyana epics, ballads, nziyo nhoroondo uye nhetembo dzechitendero.

Prose yakakura yakakamurwa kuva upenyu hwaAbhigairi hwaizova uye prose, wokutanga unosanganisira dzechembere mhuka uye mashiripiti, anecdotes; wechipiri - wechokwadi nyaya, ngano uye nyaya.

Mhando rechipiri - mashoko arwo ichiratidza kuzviitira zvakaitika uye nyika murume womukati. Izvi chigadzirwa ngano, mienzaniso izvo kutaurwa vacheme, chastushkas uye nziyo. mabasa ose aya unogona kukamurwa pakuzvichenesa uye neobryadovye magwaro ari chinangwa chahwo.

Chechitatu mhando ndiyo pevairwara zvinoshamisa mabasa achitumira ukama chaichoicho kuburikidza uchitamba mutambo mabasa. Mienzaniso inosanganisira chinoshamisa chepanzvimbo nezvinobvamo mutambi wacho, chidzoyi yemitambo, mufananidzo mitambo, tsika uye kunoshamisa zvoupengo.

Mhando chechina iri ngano kutaura ezvinhu - mashoko, zvirevo, kutukwa, blagozhelaniya, teasers, nezvirahwe uye rurimi twisters.

Russian mhinzamumba ngano

Zvinonzi akakamurwa pakarenda uye mhuri. Calendar mhando iri dura tsika nezvitendero, tsika akagadzirirwa kubatsira munhu inonzi inodzivirira mumhuri uye musha, kurera negoho ari mhuka minda uye kurima guru. Calendar ngano akaumba uye kuburitswa rose gore. Muenzaniso ndiye Carnival, iri mubasa kutevera mitemo munhu Russian munhu pavhiki.

Mienzaniso ngano, kwakavakirwa mhuri mhando tsika - nekurira, zagovornye nziyo, kushopera uye zvemashiripiti tsika kukwezva remangwana vakaroorana uye rudo. Zviito Chero kurondedzera michato uye muchato uyewo aine chine zvinhu tsika chevarwere - kugwinha maoko, wokurangana, uye nezvimwe matchmaking.

Features zvavo mitambo

Mienzaniso Russian ngano uye zvinogona yemitambo. Vanotsvakurudza kugoverana kunoshamisa zvavo unyanzvi nguva yake pamusoro shanduka matanho doteatralnoe uye mitambo.

Chinozikamwa mienzaniso Russian ngano dzinogona kuonekwa mukarenda Tsika uye kufara, somuenzaniso, ari dzinotsanagura mummers, kugadzira nezvidhori Maslenitsa Yarily, Kupala uye wagering kuita navo. zvinhu izvi doteatralnyh nezviito varipowo mumhuri dzomuchato, somuenzaniso, mukuregererwa nomwenga kana shamwari dzake ichiita basa rake.

Chinoshamisa chepanzvimbo siyana chevarwere uri yakatanga muna Russia chete pakati pezana remakore rechi17. Zviri, zvirokwazvo, zvinoshamisa theatre basa mupfungwa ayo ano.

Kuparadzana boka vamiririri chevarwere unyanzvi, inova chikamu mutambo doteatralnogo ngano zvinofanira kusanganisira buffoons - Vanoita mitambo yokusetsa, vanodzidzisa, vachitamba uye musicians.

Zvinoitwa zvavo nhetembo

Poetry ngano, mienzaniso yakawanda izvo wakazopinzwa zvezvaidzidziswa kubudikidza Russian mabhuku uye chizvarwa kutaura. Ava mabasa chevarwere epics, nhetembo zvechitendero, nziyo munhoroondo, mabhuku ngano, ballads, chevarwere nziyo uye enhetembo mashoko nevana. All mienzaniso iyi ngano, ngano, vakapfuura pasi kubva kuzvizvarwa nezvizvarwa, zvinoumba hwaro vanhu dzidziso uye mungano. Somuenzaniso, muna epics kunorondedzerwa nenzira gamba renyika, zviri rwiyo enhoroondo rinozivisa ayo matarenda inokosha uye tactical; limericks uye nziyo vana vanoumba uchifara uye ezvinhu unyanzvi; ngano iri uchitamba mutambo wacho uye enyambo chimiro vakamuzvidza kunaka unhu magamba.

Fairytale zvavo prose

Genre uyu akanyorwa uye kunanzvana chimiro prose, anosunungurwa kubva ngano uye nyaya yacho vemungano zvakaitika pamwe chaicho vatambi. Folk dzechembere ndivo vanhu vose venyika. Ndivo vashoma mharidzo mitsetse - rengano pamusoro pemhuka, pamusoro zvinhu uye zvinhu zvisina upenyu zvakasikwa, kuzvinyengera pamusoro masimba zvakaipa zvemashiripiti. By ichi ngano Genre zvinosanganisirawo nyaya, anecdotes uye tinofanira kugara tinofanira kugara ngano. Zvinonzi senzira upenyu hwaAbhigairi hwaizova Genre anogona ichibva Genre pakati rengano nhetembo uye kuchinja nayo shure.

Mienzaniso upenyu hwaAbhigairi achabatira rakataurwa mutauro zvikuru zvakasiyana-siyana pane zvakanyorwa, nokuda kuzviitira maonero ari narrator. Izvi nzira tinofanira kugara tinofanira kugara ngano "The Gingerbread Man" uye "tabapi", "The Fox uye Crane", "Cat, Rooster uye Fox", "The Fox uye Wolf." Pakati dzechembere midzimu yakaipa kuyeuka "Geese-swans", "Bag mapfupa".

Rungano, apo mukuru hunhu - n'anga, pamwe mashiripiti emhuka kana zvinhu - saka Somuenzaniso, "Ash Finist Nezvorukodzi," "Ivan Tsarevich uye Gray Wolf," "Maererano Pike". Plants uye zvakasikwa kuti vane mashiripiti avo, zvinowanika mumarudzi anenge ose rungano - kutaura Apple, nzizi uye mhepo, achitsvaka pokuvanda kubva kudzingana gamba, anoponesa parufu.

Folk prose - kiyi Russian demonology

Zvakaturikidzaniswa chechipiri chevarwere prose - upenyu hwaAbhigairi ngano. Yaanouya nhoroondo uye zviitiko kubva upenyu, narrating vanhu nevanhu chomweya mauto - varoyi, madhimoni, Kutyisa, anonhuwira uye zvichingodaro.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti zvisikwa izvi zvose vakauya kupa mukusaziva kubvira panguva yakare, uye vane chiKristu echihedheni.

Muboka kwete upenyu hwaAbhigairi hwaizova prose ngano inosanganisirawo nyaya matsvene zvinhu, zvishamiso uye vanoita Vatsvene vavo - ndiyo nyaya kukurukurirana yakaratidza wakakwirira simba uye mumwe murume akauya kuna pakutenda kwechiKristu.

Prosaic mienzaniso ngano, upenyu hwaAbhigairi hwaizova chokuita kuti paumbwe, vano- dzakasiyana - chiri ngano, uye ngano uye nyaya yechokwadi, uye nyaya kurota.

Modern Russian ngano

Inoitwa maviri akaturikidzana, uye coexisting nguva nenguva inoyerera ichipinda mumwe.

The paiva vanoumba chevarwere tsika nezvitendero vokutanga, akatamira kune vemazuva chaizvo. Ndivo kuhupenyu pazuva varipo mashoko, zvitendero uye nezuva tsika, mashura. Mienzaniso Russian ngano, runowanzoitika upenyu ano, unogona kuonekwa hwezuva nezuva (nzvimbo mutsvairo mutsvairo kuti akwezve upfumi), uye pamazororo. Kupira mutambo zvavo zvinhu zviri kusanganisira executable pa Christmas carols.

Zvakaturikidzaniswa yazvino madhorobha ngano wechipiri muduku zvikuru uye ndiye kutenda nevanhu kwesayenzi pfungwa, yakagadzirirwa maererano dzevanhu zvitendero uye kutya.

Modern mumadhorobha ngano

Iye anoita somunhu egregore seboka mufananidzo kutya uye zvinotendwa nevanhu vanogara mumaguta, une kwayakatangira kubva kwemaindasitiri nguva, kana zvakaoma mararamire uye michina mberi vakanga seari pamusoro yekare akaturikidzana yekare zvitendero Russian.

Mienzaniso ngano kunoratidza panguva Russian chaizvoizvo, nokuti vakawanda rinotarisa marudzi vanoverengeka kutya kwevanhu. Kakawanda, izvi ndizvo nziyo, tsika uye nhengo dzomuviri vaida kukumbira zvomweya mauto ( "Mambokadzi nefoshoro" gnomes, etc.): zvipoko, mweya siyana evanhu, uyewo Chiitiko pamusoro kweHumwari uye siyana masangano.

Nomumwe zvinhu ngano vari chikamu tsvakurudzo vaifarira maindasitiri hunhu dzidziso.

Mienzaniso mumadhorobha ngano zvinoshandiswa ngano ano zvikazara paIndaneti - ndiyo nyaya dzisisngaoni pevhu dzemapurisa uye matavi, pamusoro disused bunkers uye siyana konekwa uye muchiridzira navo nyaya chakavanzika dzimba, michina uye zvipenyu.

Mabhuku ngano - kubva yaMakoronike yazvino

Russian mabhuku, azere chevarwere okunze, huviri akaturikidzana: vaburukira kwatiri kubva nguva 12-16 emakore, ndicho rutsigiro kuvaka chero akazotevera dzokufananidzira mifananidzo; aumba kubva 17 kusvika 19 CC., kushandisa mifananidzo idzi nyaya dzavo. Saizvozvowo, ngano mienzaniso mumabhuku inowanikwa zvose nguva mabasa. Funga kupfuura yakakurumbira vavo pazasi.

Mienzaniso ngano "akarara" umbwa kunonyanya kubva dimikira enzaniso protagonists pamwe Vemamwe vanamwari Somuenzaniso, anonzi Boyan nomuzukuru Velez, Machinda akataura Dazhdbog vazukuru, uye mhepo - Stribozhimi vazukuru. Akanyorawo yemunyori kuteterera kuna Bhiza Great.

Mumabhuku ano, ngano zvinhu kushandiswa protagonists mukufamba hwavo hwezuva nezuva.

Mienzaniso ngano iri nhetembo "Ndiani Upenyu Zvakanaka muRussia" achibva kumunda zviduku uye lyrical chevarwere genera, kusanganisira mashoko, chevarwere songs, zvirevo ( "Rumbidzai uswa ari heyisiteki, uye tenzi - mubhokisi"), kutaurwa zviratidzo zvenyika (chitsauko "murimi mudiki" apo vomumusha Matrona kupomera murombo kukohwa pakuti "... ini kupfeka yakachena hembe kuti Christmas ..."), uyewo kupinza mundima Russian zvavo nziyo ( "corvée", "Hungry") uye kushandiswa matsvene Numeric kutaurwa pamusoro ( varume vanomwe, mazizi nomwe).

Small ngano Genres

Akarigadzirira mhando ngano duku yaisanganisira muupenyu hwomunhu kubva pakuberekwa. Izvi kireshi senhetembo, mienzaniso rinogona kuonekwa raamai kutaurirana pamwe mwana. Saka, muna Pestushko (nziyo pakati chedetembo), chevana nekudetemberwa (Song-mashoko uchishandisa munwe nemasaini Pazvibato uye makumbo mwana), majee, zaklichkah, Counting, rurimi twisters nezvirahwe anopiwa zvakakodzera mutinhimira muviri kufamba uye kubudisa nyore storylines.

Chokutanga munhu upenyu ngano Genres

Lullabies uye pestushki vari mavambo yekare. Ndivo chikamu inonzi rwaamai nhetembo, chikamu hwomwana upenyu kubva pakuzvarwa kwake.

Pestushki vari mutinhimira pfupi zvirevo pematanho basa mai achangoberekwa. Vari uri ndima pamwe zviri zvinokosha mutinhimira.

Lullaby chinyorwa chacho uye mutinhimira nechinangwa kuwana mwana hope ehurumende uye hakurevi chinhu chiridzwa. In Genre ichi pane nguva dzose zvemamiriro sedumwa chinodzivirira achangoberekwa nemauto utsinye.

Kireshi senhetembo, mienzaniso zviri pamusoro apa dziri akawanda ekare ngano inotungamirwa.