Chii chinonzi prose basa? Musiyano ndima prose basa

Chokwadi izvozvo prose basa, akasarudza kutaura chete pamusoro yaitwa kusiyana ayo kubva murugwaro ndima, asi, oddly zvakakwana, pasinei nokunenge obviousness pakati kusiyana wokufananidzira rugwaro kubva murugwaro pamusoro prose kuti nekutaura chii chaizvoizvo musiyano uyu, musimboti wacho specificity wenhetembo uye prose, nei kune izvi zviviri zvamarudzi kutaura, ndizvo zvakaoma.

Zvinokonzerwa Kusiyanisa ose prose uye ndima

mabhuku Modern, kudzidza musiyano detembo kubva prose basa zvinomutsa mibvunzo inotevera zvinofadza:

1. Chii zviri zvoga kuti tsika: mundima kana prose?
2. Ndechipi prose basa iri pakanyorwa ndima?
3. Ndezvipi chairo dzekuziva kuti delimitation kwendima uye prose chinyorwa?
4. Ndezvipi zvinhu mutauro prose rugwaro ichichinja nhetembo?
5. zvakadzama sei musiyano pakati enhetembo uye prosaic kutaura? kana ari kungogumira sangano kutaura kana nezvokunetseka mugadziriro pfungwa?

Chii pokutanga: nhetembo kana prose?

Munyori uye mabhuku mutsoropodzi Yang Parandowski, kufungisisa kuti kwakadaro prose basa, kamwe akati kuti hapana kwesayenzi hwokuti vanhu vakatanga nhetembo, kwete prose, asi kwakatangira mabhuku kunyika dzakasiyana zviripo mundima pane prose kutaura . Izvi zvakaitika nokuti kuti ndima iyi yokutanga kuenda mhiri pakutaura kwezuva nezuva uye kutaura achidetemba zvasvika ayo akakwana kare kare kwaiva vokutanga kuedza pa yokunyepera.

Jan Parandowski zvishoma disingenuous, nokuti chokwadi kune vakawanda hypotheses kwesayenzi, izvo inobva kubvuma kuti chepakutanga dzevanhu kutukana enhetembo. Ndakataura izvi uye John. Vico, uye G. Gadamer uye M. Shapiro. Asi Parandowski akaona zvakarurama chimwe chinhu: mabhuku munyika zvechokwadi kunotanga ndima, kwete prose. Genres prose Genres yakatanga pashure pane ndima.

Sei kwaiva kutaura wokufananidzira, haina kuzivikanwa. Zvichida ichi imhaka mabasa zvinonyatsorehwa ritmizovannosti nomuviri womunhu uye dzakapoteredza nyika womunhu, zvichida pamwe yepakutanga mutinhimira kutaura wemwana (izvo, akavapindurawo, vakamirira tsanangudzo, zvakare).

Nzira dzekuziva nadzo kusarura ndima uye prose

Rizivikanwe stihoved Michael Gasparov kuonekwa kusiyana detembo kubva prose basa kuti anonzwa akafanana enhetembo chinyorwa rugwaro yakawedzera kukosha uye rakagadzirirwa nokudzokorora uye nomusoro. Huchidetemba wenyaya, kunze chokwadi kuti rakakamurwa muzvikamu, uye rinopa mazano uye mberi muzvikamu zvokuti zviri nyore chaizvo kuti vatore kuziva.

Maonero aya ndiwo chezvematongerwe rakadzika kwazvo, asi hazvisi instrumentally, sezvo pasina nzira dzakajeka Kusiyanisa kunosanganisira nhetembo uye prose. Pashure prose zvinogona kuva kuwedzera kukosha uye rinogona akagadzirirwa nomusoro.

Formal zviratidzo kusiyana prosaic uye enhetembo chinyorwa

Formal zviratidzo kusiyana - snippets pfupi kuti inopa - Uyewo hazvigoni kunzi kururamiswa yakakwana. AG Mashevsky anoti chaizvoizvo mundima angapikisana kunyange nyaya kubva pepanhau, chete kugoverana mazano ake kuva zvimedu zvakasiyana urefu uye kunyora mumwe nomumwe mutsetse itsva.

Zvisinei, achava zvakare kuoneka, kuti vaitaura vakakamurwa pamadiro, hapana chimwezve pfungwa nokupesana ichi haisi kuda rugwaro, kana chinosetsa kana chibhende matauriro.

Saka, kusiyana prose uye ndima harisi munhu chiratidzo, asi anoratidza zvimwe misiyano chaipo. Kuti tinzwisise kuti prose basa, unofanira kuziva kuti prosaic uye enhetembo magwaro inozviisa akasiyana mitemo sangano chorugwaro uye arayira kuti zvinhu zvayo.

Shoko mundima uye prose

Zvakangoitikawo kuti dzinozivikanwa prose vagara vandifungira musiyano wayo kuti ndima. Kakawanda vanoti haisi pamusoro nevamwe zviri prose zvichienzaniswa ndima, uye vakutarisire - musiyano pakati nhetembo uye prose.

Saka, vanenge shoko mundima nyanzvi Russian Yu. N. Tynyanov akati kunyatsotevera kupfuura prose, hwakabatana pamwe nemamwe mazwi kushanda kunyatsotevera uye ukama aro sechivako seboka, akaritumidza "mutemo kubatana uye compactness ndima dzinotevedzana" uye pfungwa iyi inokosha kuti mabhuku kutsoropodza saka kure.

Two kuitika pakugadzirisa nyaya

Sayenzi yemazuva zhinji kuedza nekutaura zviri basa prose, mukusiyana kune wokufananidzira, uye kuedza izvi zviri pachena ingangodaro kusiyanisa kuitika maviri. A zvinoverengeka philologists vaidavira kuti chinonyanya kukosha chokuratidza - imwe inzwi wenyaya. Izvi zvinogona kunzi phonetic. Maererano netsika iyi, kunzwisisa prose uye ndima kutaurwa asi VM Zhirmunsky, anotenda kuti kusiyana nokutaura enhetembo ndiye "pamutemo hurongwa inzwi chimiro." Zvisinei, zvinosuwisa kana sezvinei, kwete vose prosaic uye enhetembo mabasa Munokudzwa zvakajeka kubva mumwe phonetically.

Kusiyana uku tsika hwakajeka pfungwa achingoramba ndiro rine chokwadi yezvakaita kurekodha basa. Kana nhoroondo iri akarayira sezvo Huchidetemba (yakanyorwa "mu wechikamu" zvinoreva basa iri wokufananidzira, kana chinyorwa zvakanyorwa "mumutsetse", ipapo iye prose). Maererano pfungwa iyi, yazvino nokushanda stihoved Yu. B. Orlitsky. Zvisinei, chokuratidza ichi hakuna kukwana. Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, pane rugwaro pepanhau yakanyorwa "iri shongwe" hauzoti enhetembo. Prose mabasa Pushkin, yakanyorwa semashoko nhetembo hakuzovi pandima iyi.

Saka, zvinofanira kubvumwa kuti zvokunze, pamutemo nzira misiyano prose uye enhetembo magwaro havapo. kusiyana izvi zvakadzama, uye kubata uye ruzha, uye zvivakamutauro uye intonation, uye Genre hunhu basa.