Chii kumhanya ane bara? Nokumhanya bara

Mabara zvakasiyana. Ivo vanovimba norudzi zvombo ravakanga dzakaitwa. Pane anoshongwa nokuda nepfuti, dzichapambwa, pneumatic. Nokudaro, vanotarisira zvakasiyana. Size iri pakutsvaga mhando uye kukura dzokurwa.

Pane guru mhenyu zvombo, guru kana vashomashoma mabara kuti pfuti uye revolvers.

Zvisinei, nokukurumidza mumwe bara achazviisa kwete chete nokuda kwayo ukuru. Zvinonzi kufurirwa zvimwewo zvakawanda.

Zvinhu kukanganisa kumhanya ari bara

A zvikonzero anogona kuderedza kutanga velocity pamusoro projectile kana kudzingwa basa kubva pfuti. Funga zvihombe.

1. Ambient tembiricha. Rezasi tembiricha, zvikuru simba iri kushandiswa kudziyisa pamusoro upfu uye projectile kutiza, i.e. kwokutanga yekubva unodiwa kunodzikira.
2. Humidity gunpowder. The drier kuvat madota ndiko, dzakanga achava kukosha kwokutanga velocity, sezvo vomanikidza chombo dhiramu.
3. The chimiro uye kukura remakungwa gunpowder. Muumbi agobudisirwa hari vakapararira tudonhwe ari propellant vebasa, kuti nokukurumidza vachapisa. Saka, kuwedzera kutanga velocity ari bara wapfura.
4. Nokuchengeta arambe achirema yacho powder. Kuti maximally zvakarurama uye zvisina ngozi undoraira upfu chigadzirwa kunoda chaiwo yakarurama ouinjiniya Masvomhu. Pasina navo, zvinoita ovhadhozi ari upfu, iyo ichaita kuti womukati detonation zvombo. Kana, Asiwo Undercharge, iyo ichaita kuti overheating pamusoro chombo dhiramu. Regai kuedza kuita reloading chinoumba upfu pachipfuva!
5. Kureba pfuti dhiramu. The mapfupi mudende, nguva kuchinja zvishoma mugumisiro propellant magasi, izvo zvinoderedza kumhanya bara.
6. chigadzirwa uremu. The vakareruka bara maererano nokurema kwayo, yepamusoro kwayo kwokutanga velocity.

Mumwe nomumwe izvi zvingakonzera siyana zvishoma zvichienderana chaiwo mhando chombo. Zvisinei, pane zvose izvi mamiriro zvinokanganisa zvikuru uye mukuru kumhanya bara kana kudzingwa basa.

Chii chinonzi Chronograph?

Chronograph - zano rinokosha unokubvumira chamber zvimwe zviratidzo yomunyika uye zvokunze goko uye mudziyo inobva vakawana mashoko kuti tigumise pamusoro wayo zvichibvira nokukurumidza.

The mudziyo chakagadzirirwa kuti nokubatsirwa wayo unogona kutarisa nyore hwokugadzira nokurondedzerwa zvombo ari muchitoro. Uyezve, anosarudza kutanga uye zvinonyatsorehwa kumhanya bara.

Kana Chronograph inogona kushandiswa kuona uye kuongorora zvinotevera zviratidzi zvombo:

• cylindrical kumanikidzwa (chechetere yake);
• chitubu kuneta kana osvintsovku dhiramu;
• Chishandiso acharatidza uremu katuriji;
• Zvichava kuongorora unhu;
• kuratidza yabvaruka pamusoro cuff of pisitoni;
• tembiricha.

Wemagetsi kuburikidza Masvomhu uye kungotaura vachapa chaiyo zvabuda mhiri bhodhi. Zvisinei, rine zvainovhiringidzawo ayo.

payakaipira Chronograph

The mudziyo une imwe nouremu, izvo zvinoita kuti nguva yakatinakira kushandisa pasi zvimwe zvinhu (semuenzaniso, munda). Panewo kushayikwa mudziyo zvingasanganisira chikanganiso ari kuyerwa (e). Hazvina wakakurisa, asi achiri nzvimbo kuva.

The kaunda mudziyo iri kusashanda uye yakamira pazviri jekeso nzvimbo (nzvimbo), nokuti izvo anoumba rudzi ndakakanganisa kuverengwa.

Rakarurama chaiyo trajectory pakati ari bara, zano zvakadai havazogari zvinokosha, nokuti ichi munofanira kushandisa imwe nzira yakayerwa.

Kuyambuka zvakasiyana akareba

Zviri rakanyatsorurama uye nzira chaiyo iyo unogona kuona kumhanya bara. Izvi zvinoda kwete chete hanya, asiwo kombiyuta ine ballistic karukureta, iyo ichapa mashoko azere uye rakarurama kupfuura Masvomhu.

Basa iri sezvinotevera:

• mutoro ari ballistic karukureta anodiwa umboo kuti kutora chombo kubva mugadziri pachake uye akagamuchira parameters (vari kukanganiswa maoko 100 M kusvika razero);
• kudzidzisa katuriji uremu zeroing kure;
• We kuyera uye mutoro kureba pamberi pamusoro Upfu zvombo;
• mugadziri achitora mashoko ari kutwasuka uye zvido zvevanhu clique mu optics;
• Temperature kuverengwa kuita uye mhepo nevezera panguva pakudzidza (zvakarurama, chechokwadi uye tichava qualitatively);
• ari kukwira pamusoro pegungwa;
• kumhanya bara kubva mugadziri.

The karukureta achava lumbago calculators marefu. Rinotaura 200, 300, 500 uye 700 metres. Kwenguva madaro kamwe haina inokurudzirwa. Muzvikamu apo akumbira 1MOA, nyora zvinotevera tsika maererano nomurayiro madaro: 5.8; 8.7; 14.5; 20.3 masendimita.

vamwe basa All chete mbeva-nekudzvanya pamusoro karukureta. Teverai aidzidzisa pamusoro ballistic zano, uye tichava yakarurama uye chaivo chokukomborerwa chii velocity ari bara kutiza.

Vamwe zvinokosheswa yakasiyana caliber katuriji velocity kuti muchina

Sezvo ini ataurwa pamusoro apa, kupa kuongorora yakarurama zviratidzo zvakadai mwero chakaoma. Munzira dzakawanda, zvinonzi pakutsvaga akapoteredza ezvinhu. Zvisinei, fungidzira tsika zvakasiyana-kadikidiki mabara muchina kunogona kuunza.

Research uye Masvomhu dzakaratidza kuti kukosha katuriji zvinobhururuka kumhanya muchina achavaponesa muenzaniso uye caliber, saka pangava kusiyana mune mashoko acho. Asi zvikanganiso izvi diki, uye avaruramise nokuda zvombo zvavo munhu anogona yavo.

AK-74 otomatiki caliber 5.45H39

Kana kupfura rakaitwa dzose (kwakajairika) katuriji, avhareji mashoko mwero mabara dzinoratidza migumisiro vanenge 870 m / s. Kana kure sei vangasvika 500 metres, mwero anodonhedza kusvika 428 m / s.

Izvi mhando pfuti ane elongated hunde, saka bara kumhanya zvakakwirira zvakakwana.

AKS-74U 5.45H39 caliber AK-101

Kana isu kutaura kumhanya ari bara vanogumurwa kubva AKS-74U pamwe ane caliber 5.45H39, zviri vanenge 740 m / s. Pasati wambotaurwa mumwe, nekuti Upfu rakapfupika.

AK-101 caliber 5.56h45 nekusiyana, ratidza somugumisiro yakanaka kwazvo nokuda chakarurama ichi. About 930 m / s, nokuda refu dhiramu zvombo chivako. American analoginen of chombo dhiramu ane yakakura urefu, nokuti vose mhando michina cartridges aenderane akafanana chete kutanga kukosha vachiridzira unodiwa.

AK-47 otomatiki

The anoshongwa zvombo izvi zvine guru kupfuura kuti vose vateveri AK, saka vane simba rakapinza simba. Zvisinei, nokukurumidza hwakaderera navo, nokuti chete 740 m / s. Kunyange zvakadaro, zviri inokwana kuti muchina kwainzi muedzo uye chakakomba kurwisa nezvombo.

Tomu simba mabara

Kuwedzera akurumidze, basa rinokosha zvikuru maitiro ndiyewo nesimba bara. Kuverenga tomu simba zvakakodzera kuyeuka chakaipa chikoro wefizikisi kosi. The nyore fomura raizova: (vakawanda X velocity) ^2/2 (uremu mu makirogiramu, nokukurumidza mune mamita muzana rechipiri).

Sei zvakakosha kukoshesa katuriji simba? Nokuti simba - ndiye simba bara, ayo mukuru yetsiva unhu. The zvakawanda uremu uye yakakwirira nokukurumidza, saka, naizvozvo, yepamusoro uye simba. Izvi zvinoreva kuti chombo pacharo zvikuru simba uye kumberi.

Mune mamwe manzwi, ndiye zvavaisiita payakavakirwa kuti kuverenga pamusoro kinetic simba kwomuviri. Kunonyanyisa tomu simba pamusoro bara vane nepfuti. Zvinodzikamisana uremu uye kutanga nokukurumidza pamusoro bara kuitira kuti basa vakawana simba uye akarongeka.

Somuenzaniso, pane chinhambwe anenge 100 metres udzamu pfuti bara kupinda mune zvakakwana gobvu zvinhu zviri masendimita 0,6 kusvika 350. Izvi zvinhu, zvakadai simbi yairema, huni, simbi yairema, paiva nevhu nyoro, mavhu kana akapwanyika ibwe, brickwork, pasi kana nesimba pamu chando. Data izvi dzinobva zveBhaibheri pamusoro tomu simba chechiedza uremu nemabara.

Zviri pachena kukosha velocity uye tomu simba chero projectile riri guru kwazvo, uye anosarudza simba uye kumberi zvombo.

Airguns

Kwete kare, rakanga inoitwa pakati varidzi pneumatics kuongorora panyaya: "? Chii kumhanya ane bara kwenyu mumhepo pfuti" Sezvineiwo, kubva muzana kusiyana nokukurumidza pane zvakasiyana-siyana kwazvo.

Saka, Somuenzaniso, vakawanda pokuita kuongorora (20%) kubva dimikira 220-305 m / s. Sezvo izvi, pfungwa, kuipa avhareji mwero nokuda pneumatics, chirungamutauro haakonzeri kusavimba.

Zvisinei, vanenge 9% of vakabvunzwa vanoti zvombo zvavo vane bara velocity pakati 380 M / s uye zvakawanda. Kureva, nhamba iyi kunomutsa chokwadi kuti nderechokwadi. Nokuti inesimba zvombo zvehondo basa. ukoshi Ndiwo bara velocity nokuda pneumatic zvisingawanzoitiki, kwete muenzaniso ose kunogona anozvikudza.

To 19% vechikamu akabvuma kuti zvombo zvavo ndarohwa bara velocity pakati 100-130 M / s uye 130-180 m / s. At 11%, mufananidzo uyu ruchigona 350 m / s, izvo chaizvo chakakomba. Pakupedzisira, 6% evakurukuri kuongorora nokumhanya kunoita bara yake kuenda pneumatics 75-100 m / s.

Most nyore kuyera uye rekodhi nokukurumidza chombo pneumatic achishandisa chronometers. Most mano izvi uye rakagadzirirwa chete pneumatics. Kunyange zvazvo kukanganisa haasi kuenda chero kuyerwa, asi mugumisiro vachava vachiri zvikuru chinokosha.

Hazvinei nzira iwe kana akayera mabara kunzvenga velocity yawo zvombo, kukanganisa haisi kuenda kwese, sezvo kwokunze kwezvakatipoteredza anogara kuzova yakasiyana zvachiri.