Chii kwavakarerekera? Munhu wose anofanira kuziva

Mumakore achangopfuura mamiriro ezvinhu munyika iri neshungu zvakasimba kumusoro. Ose zvino uye munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzenyika upenye kusawirirana itsva omunharaunda, vakabatana zvakawanda munyika. In ezvinhu aya akaoma, paterevhizheni uye mumapeji mabhuku, shoko rokuti "mutemo zvombo nokwawakarerekera" nguva nenguva zvinoita. Zvisinei, havasi vanhu vose kunzwisisa zvawaireva, uyewo vaya vanotora pamusoro mamiriro ndokurondedzera pamusoro chinzvimbo ichi.

The tsananguro

Shoko "kwavakarerekera" rine midzi Latin. Ashandurwa zvinoreva "kana munhu kana mumwe." Izvi izwi yakapiwa mutemo dzakawanda. Rinoshandiswa apo kutaura kukundikana ehurumende kuitawo hondo nguva matambudziko uye nokubatana rimwe vemauto dzakabatana munguva yorugare. Nemamwe mashoko, kwavakarerekera - ndiko apo hurumende anotora akavimbika mafungire zvinofungwa dzimwe nyika dzebato kuti mukakavadzane.

mhando nokwawakarerekera

Zvematongerwo enyika ehurumende ane mhando dzakawanda uye kunogona wakaiswa nenzira dzakasiyana. Izwi iri rinogona kushandiswa tsika zvina:

1. States akadai Switzerland neAustria, kuchengeta zvachose zvematongerwo enyika. chinzvimbo ichi ndee mu mitemo zvemukati uye anozivikanwa munyika yose. States vazivikanwe sezvo vatsigiri zvachose zvematongerwo enyika, havagoni kubatanidzwa hondo nemibatanidzwa zvechiuto uye kuti mvumo kuvaka pamusoro munharaunda yayo zvivako wokumwe muchiuto.

2. Dzimwe nyika dziri Asia, Africa, uye Latin America kuchengeta zvakanaka kwavakarerekera. Ivo ndizivise kuomerera kwavo dzakawanda kuchengeteka kubatsirwa kubviswa dzakawanda Zvinetso, Kurambwa maoko rudzi. Kamwe pamakore matatu, iyo Conference akasungwa, panguva iyo nyika kunenge kududzira mamiriro avo.

3. Sweden ndiyo imwe nyika achiti ari chinyakare kwavakarerekera. Its chikuru chinhu ndechokuti hurumende haana anosimbisa chinzvimbo chavo, uye inoomerera mutemo nokwawakarerekera iri chokuzvidira hwaro. Panguva imwe cheteyo, zvinogona chero nguva kugumisa kuchengetwa wazvipira, nekuti hapana haana kududzira mamiriro avo.

4. Kazhinji hurumende akasaina magwaro dzakawanda anotaura munataisireva dzavo. Contractual nokwawakarerekera - vanonzi mhando iyi. Muenzaniso uyu isungano yakasvika nokuda Russian Federation uye Canada in Ottawa muna 1992. Tiri kutaura Treaty yokuwirirana Cooperation pakati vdumya nyika.

dzakawanda chiremera jurists zhinji rinonzi soro chimiro zvachose zvematongerwo enyika, izvo zvinoshanda musazonetsanazve zvose nezvombo pasina anosara. State akatanga nzira iyi, izvozvo achipfeka kuzvipira kuchikosha kwete chete muhondo asi yorunyararo. Kuwedzera nekusagona kuitawo kunetsana, chikamu chikwata uye kubvumira kuvakwa kwezvivako zvivako vemamwe nemauto, hachigoni kushandisa kurwisana nezvombo ave nzira kugadzirisa chenjera matambudziko geopolitical.

Kurambidzwa munguva yehondo

Under mutemo dzakawanda, kana hurumende yakazivisa ayo zvematongerwo enyika munguva yehondo, tinofanira kuteerera matatu:

1. Under hapana ezvinhu regai kupa rubatsiro mauto kuti dzinopesana kunyika.

2. Usabvumira kushandiswa dzinopesana kunyika ndima yayo zvinangwa zvechiuto.

3. kwakaitwa mapato ari kunetsana chete kurambidzwa nerubatsiro maoko uye nenhumbi zvechiuto. Zvakafanira kwete nevamwe mumwe vemapato dzinobatanidzwa uye saka regai kumutsigira.

Nhoroondo paumbwe pfungwa

Kana tikaongorora kwavakarerekera kubva kare maonero, nokuti vagari rinoti aivapo munguva zvenyika yekare, aiva mweni. KuMiddle Ages, chiitiko ichi akatanga kuwana zvarinoreva ano. Medieval nyika akataura pamusoro commonality dzavo dzechitendero uye zvetsika zvitendero uye vakaedza kuramba vasina kwavakarerekera, asi mune zvimwe zviitiko risingabereki kutevedzera. Zviri, kupfuura zvose, pamusoro hondo mugungwa nzvimbo. Chete kubva XVI remakore, inoti vakatanga kuziva kuti kusava nokwawakarerekera - munhu chinzvimbo zvinofanira kuchengetwa.

kupa mienzaniso

Nguva yokutanga munhoroondo, apo nyika yakazivisa zvematongerwo zvombo, yakatanga kusvika kumagumo XVIII remakore. Munhoroondo yenyika rabva kwayo chiratidzo chibvumirano mikuru masimba enyika, iyo vakaita pachavo kuti vadzivirire nhungamiro mubumbiro Declaration of Catherine II, vakagamuchirwa muna February 1780. Chinosanganisira Russian Empire, France, Spain, US States, Denmark, Sweden, Prussia, Austria, Portugal, Sisiri. chirwirangwe iri raishanda, apo paiva hondo kuti rusununguko zviri dzokuAmerica dzaitongwa kubva kuEngland. Pashure pehondo 1783, chaizvoizvo nayo adonha.

Muna 1800 zvakanzi asaina dzinonzi zvombo nokwawakarerekera wechipiri pakati Russian Empire, Denmark, Sweden uye Prussia. Kwakavakirwa misimboti kuzivisa Catherine zvidiki okunatsiridza zvakaiswa. Zvisinei, pashure porufu Paul ini accession Alexander I, akarega kuvapo.

To muchidimbu

Kusava Nokwavakarerekera - a pamutemo kuti yasvika kure kusvikira, pakupedzisira vakawana zvarinoreva ano. nomupiro Great wacho chidzoke akaita Russian Empress Catherine II, uyo akaisa vazhinji nhungamiro iri Declaration of 1780. Kana mamiriro ndizvo ayo zvematongerwo enyika, izvozvo chinoparira zvinokosha munataisireva. Izvi ndizvo zvazvakangoitawo kuti yorunyararo uye munguva yehondo. Naizvozvo, Fani iyi haisi kuwanikwa munyika sezvataizoda.