In zano kombiyuta chinoitwa processing mashoko nayo anogamuchira? Sezvo izvi kunoitika? Rudzii mudziyo unoshandiswa? Ndezvipi ayo kutarisira?
Chii processor kombiyuta?
microprocessor ichi (revatema vematunhu) kana wemagetsi Unit, anoruramisira muchina mirayiridzo (kuti uzviise nyore, chirongwa yekubvuma). Ndiye mukuru chikamu Hardware yacho pakombiyuta. Dzimwe nguva zita rake akawedzera chivakashure "micro". Ichi rinokosha kombiyuta mudziyo kuti processing ruzivo. Rega zaydom kare. Pakutanga, shoko rokuti "kubudiswa chikwata" rinorondedzera boka chaiye michina pfungwa kuti zvaidiwa kuti aite dzakaoma ekombiyuta. Zvishoma nezvishoma, paiva kuchinjwa zita zano pamusoro wayo chikamu. The Implementation, mapurani uye chokupika processors, sezvo zvinoitika kanopfuura kamwe achinja. Asi functionality inoramba yakafanana kare. Kuongorora mumwe mudziyo vanofanira kufunga zvinotevera parameters: waivako, wachi kumhanya, simba, mapurani, mitemo lithographic muitiro. Ndiko kuti mudziyo kombiyuta chakagadzirwa mashoko kugadzira.
tarisiro
Computer sezvo zvakasikwa ruzivo kubudiswa mudziyo inongogara kuitwa akavandudzika. Kuwedzera, inoti processors ano nokukurumidza kusvika kwavo mumuviri mwero, saka vari chikamu zvinhu zvichachinja zvikuru. Kusiyanisa nzira izvi:
- Molecular makombiyuta. Izvi kadambari hurongwa, iyo vachabatsirwa nemikana mamorekuru (mu dzidziso - Organic). Vanoshandisa pfungwa kuzadziswa kuita kwemaatomu uye urongwa hwavo muchadenga.
- Optical makombiyuta. In maerekitironi izvi pamwe chete wokushandura anonongedzera kuti vakashandisa photons.
- Quantum makombiyuta. In Nemuromo, basa ravo hwuchavapano pasi quantum migumisiro. Zvino achishingaira yakatanga kushanda shanduro processors izvi. Danae kombiyuta Uropi michina ichaongororwa kupfuura zvinovimbisa.
Ngano yacho megahertz
A zvishoma pamusoro pemisimboti Uropi pedyo kombiyuta. kwakapararira pakati zvavo vanoshandisa vakagamuchira mvumo kuti rokumusoro wachi kakawanda mumwe processor, yakakura yaanenge anodada. Kutaura zvazviri, izvi hazvisizvo. nokutaura kwakadaro kunogona kushandiswa chete kune processors vari yokuisira zvakafanana mapurani uye microarchitecture.
Kuti Russian Federation?
Zvingaita here Pari kuzvikudza chinhu? Right ikozvino, kutsvakurudza vakawanda nzvimbo uye mabhizimisi zvigadzirwa indasitiri "Russian Electronics" vari yabatanidza mune vakabata kambani. It rakaumbwa muna 1997. Panguva hwakanga 33, uye iye zvino 123 Enterprises. Ivo dzidzira kukura uye mumaindasitiri kugadzirwa zvigadzirwa midziyo, midziyo uye zvinhu. Uyewo anogona kusika semiconductor mano uye michina nzira yokukurukurirana. Vakawanda vanoita dzakananga zvigadzirwa, asi pane kuedza kusvika mukanyiwa musika (kunyange asina kubudirira chaizvo).
simba kudyiwa processors
Chinowanzoonekwa kunzi wavo achilles 'chitsitsinho. Saka, tanga x86 processors uchapedza dukuduku simba (zvichienzaniswa ivhu ano), bhuku iri yemanyorero ane watt. With kuwedzera uwandu transistors uye wachi kakawanda, parameter ichi kwakawedzera substantially. Zvino unogona kusangana vamiririri, inova pakuraramisa 130 watts or, uye hapana mubvunzo kuti "zvikara" vari ndotodururwa mune zvakagadzirwa mumahofisi vanoda kunyange zvakawanda. Kare, simba chinhu chakanga vasingakoshi. Asi kubva ipapo, misimboti Uropi nokuchinja kombiyuta, zvakawedzera simba namano. Zvino CPU ine zvinokosha zvainoita shanduka muitiro:
- Tinofanira kuvandudza kugadzira unyanzvi kuti kuderedza simba kudyiwa yacho processor.
- Zvakakosha kutsvaka zvinhu zvitsva kuti kuchaderedza leakage dzenzvimbo.
- Tinofanira kushanda achideredza voltage nokuda powering ari processor core.
- Akazviratidza nezvigadziko kuti kuchikosha nhamba vaaizivana, nhamba mukuru 1000. Ivo vanofanira kupa simba kune processor.
- Kushandura marongerwo namano. Saka sekristaro kwakaita kuchivanze divi kubva mukati kuitira kuti zviite kupisa rokubvisa rikurumidze.
- Paiva maitiro akangwara kuti dynamically kushandura voltage. Vanogona kupesvedzera kakawanda munhu cores uye processor zviyero kuti vanomboenda chokukuvadza kuti haasi kushandiswa.
- The sekristaro revatema tembiricha sensors, uye hurongwa kudzivirira overheating. Ivo kuderedza kakawanda pamusoro processor, uye anogona kunyange kuamisa, kana pane vakadarika mutsetse.
- Pane simba-rokuponesa modes, izvo "akaisa kurara" processors pamberi yakaderera mutoro.
Processor mudziyo kombiyuta iri rinoda simba kanoita rimwe dambudziko pamwe nemishonga. Ndizvo pamusoro pavo uye achange kutaura izvozvi.
Kushanda tembiricha of processor
Chimwe mamirire inokosha. Zvinomirira kunonyanyisa tembiricha mutengo, izvo zvinogona pamusoro pemvura semiconductor Chip kana processor kana chakaipa kuita zvinogoneka. Zviri zvakananga novimba kunaka pakupisa singi uye mutoro. Apo tembiricha akapfuudza Recommended kunonyanyisa, hazvivimbisi chakaipa oparesheni. processors Most vari kushanda zvakanaka, kana zviri asingasviki 85? C. Kana tembiricha yakawanda, ndizvo zvikonzero zvikanganiso ari Software kana kombiyuta anogona agosungirirwapo. Mune zvimwe zviitiko kusingarapiki kuchinja zvinogona kuitika mune processor. Current mhando kazhinji akuteerere overheating uye kuderedza vaita. Ndiko kuti mudziyo kombiyuta chakagadzirwa mashoko kugadzira.
Heat zera uye nokupisa kubviswa processor
Sei kuderedza inokanganisa kuti epamusoro? Nokuti Kupisa nounzenza uye tichishingaira No zvinoshandiswa pusa radiators. Imwe neimwe nzira ine mikana ayo uye nekuipira.
Chipimo netembiricha Mapping processor
Uye pano sei parachuti vachaziva kuti vanofanira kuchinja characterization ichi yake? Pakati pabutiro unoiswa chaiyo tembiricha Switch, iyo inogona kuita somunhu chafariz diode, mumwe thermistor kana transistor ane muteresi uye chawo yakavharwa.
mhedziso
Saka, chii mudziyo unoshandiswa kuti dzinoona mashoko ari kombiyuta? Chokwadi, kombiyuta processor. Zvino munoziva mhinduro kwete chete mubvunzo asiwo zvinhu kweguyo aripo matambudziko uye tarisiro. Saka, pane mashoko sei kuti pave zvakadaro chinokosha zvakaoma michina gadziriro uye ruzivo kubudiswa rinoitwa umo kombiyuta mudziyo.