Chiratidzo doro chepfu uye kurapwa kumba

Zviratidzo pashure doro chepfu kuitika nokuda kwezvikonzero zvinoverengeka. About pavo isu ichatsanangura pazasi. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti vakadaro zvisingafadzi zviratidzo kudhaka vari kutaurwa. Regai kurasikirwa navo zvakaoma.

Vhuṱanzi

Alcohol chepfu (zviratidzo, kurapwa kumba zvichabviswa kurondedzerwa papera) mutungamiri munyika yedu pakati zvose imba pachepfu. Vanopfuura 60% akadai ehurumende chinourayisa. Vazhinji vavo (anenge 95-98%) rinowanikwa pamberi rubatsiro zvokurapa.

Saka sei kuona zviratidzo zvikuru doro chepfu uye chii matanho kutora kuitira kudzivisa inosuruvarisa? Izvi uchadzidza munyika chipo nyaya.

Chii chinonzi doro?

Doro rinodhaka raireva, ane panyaya iyi (waini kana ethyl doro). Ichi fuma makemikari zviri Hauoneki uye kugadzikana vanyoro hunokachidza basa riri zvikuru zvinobata moto. Panyaya iyi inogona sezvaiita pamwe zvavo mvura chero uwandu. Zviri nyore soluble ari mafuta, uye zviri nyore chinopinda zvoutachiona membranes uye anoparadzira nokukurumidza rose muviri.

Kudhaka, chepfu, kudhaka

Doro kudhaka chinomirira rinokosha mamiriro NA munhu, izvo zviri kukonzerwa nokugamuchira chinwiwa ine panyaya iyi pachayo.

Kune madhigirii zvina kudhaka:

• nyore;
• avhareji;
• rinorema;
• pakoma.

Panguva kutanga kwekupwanyiwa ichi kunoratidzwa kutarisira nomufaro uye yakakwirira mwoyo (i.e. euphoria). Akadhakwa kuziva anodzokororwa (pangava vaduku kutyorwa). Kwapera nguva kufunga pezvakaitwa vari seiyi. Uyezve, akaderedza mupfungwa uye mumuviri basa romunhu, zvaanoziva mwoyo kunoitika, uye zvinova anononoka, usimbe uye lethargic.

With kukura chaanoziva anoratidza simba chidhakwa chepfu.

Achitaura zvakakomba kudhaka, ipapo vagumirwe Rinobatanidzwa ane chepfu nemigumisiro panyaya iyi iri kuora zvigadzirwa dzemuviri.

Chii zviratidzo doro chepfu rini?

Achitaura pamusoro zviratidzo doro chepfu, hazvibviri tisingatauri chokwadi kuti vanogona kuratidza pachavo nenzira dzakasiyana. It zvinoenderana uwandu doro kuparadzwa uye chinwiwa unhu. Uyezve, doro chepfu zviratidzo chokuita nezvokuti chii ezvinhu kana muviri womunhu pasi chepfu migumisiro.

GI

In mukuru lesion ari zvomudumbu ezvinhu nhengo munhu anosangana abdominal marwadzo, kurutsa, manyoka uye svoto. Ndechipi chikonzero akarongwa ose chiratidzo doro chepfu?

Abdominal marwadzo kuitika nokuda kutungamirira zvikuvadze panyaya iyi pamusoro mucous Kamudzira pamusoro ura diki uye mudumbu.

Manyoka kunoitika nokuda kutyorwa nedanho Absorção de Água zvicherwa, mvura, uye mafuta, pamwe chete nokukurumidza yokuvamba kushayikwa pamusoro enzayemu, iyo inodiwa kugaya lactose.

Svoto chiratidzo kudhaka.

Kana kurutsa, asi kakawanda ndiwo musimboti hunhu. Mune mamwe manzwi, inobatanidzwa ine chepfu doro nechepakati tsinga.

CNS

Kana zvinokanganisawo tsinga muvanhu vari vakacherechedza: kurudziro mupfungwa, delirium, euphoria, incoordination nemafambiro, aone zvinhu zvisipo, wakawedzera vangadikitira, kugwinha, akaderedza muviri tembiricha, dilated vadzidzi, havachanyatsogoni nzeve, thermoregulation, uyewo matauriro uye maonero.

Mumwe akati doro chepfu chiratidzo chokuita havachanyatsogoni tsinga sero muviri, okisijeni nzara, panyaya iyi zvikuvadze CNS masero, uye hunokachidza doro intermediates kuora (acetate, acetaldehyde, ketone miviri).

CCC

Zviratidzo doro chepfu mwoyo yokutanga:

• BP;
• mwoyo palpitations;
• dzungu;
• akatsvuka chiso;
• mukuru simba;
• ganda rakachenuruka;
• zvakawanda zvive.

Chimiro Zviratidzo izvi nekuti murwere panguva Zvikamu kuti manyoka kana kurutsa iri kurasikirwa yakawanda Urume. Uyewo, nokuda kuwedzera mune permeability pamusoro vascular madziro, iyo mvura inopfuura kubva vascular nzvimbo pakati masero. Kuti zvaizopedza vhoriyamu ropa (kuparadzirwa), muviri womunhu unotora ari compensatory zvigadziriswe: peripheral vasoconstriction uye kwakawedzera kwemwoyo. Nokuda kwaizvozvi, ropa riri redistributed uye inoita unokosha nhengo.

kufema turakiti

Kana ari nhengo dzose afemeruke kunokanganisa doro chepfu? Zviratidzo kukundwa uku kunotaurwa sezvinotevera:

• chenjera kufema kukundikana mhando;
• ruzha uye vakatsanya kufema.

Zviratidzo izvi kuitika nokuda kukundwa ari kufema nepakati, pave chepfungwa edema, uye metabolic zvirwere. The panowanikwa chakasimba kufema kukundikana chokuita rurimi, mumarutsi yarova Airways uye Árbol spasm dzepanguva, dokeriro.

renal maitiro

Kana itsvo maronda murwere rwuchiwanzwa weti kana, Ukuwo, ungaderedza weti inotungamirwa (dzimwe nguva kuti apedzise vasipo).

mamiriro aya chokuita chokuti Akaroromesawo secretion pamusoro antidiuretic kemikari (hypothalamus, izvo anoramba mvura mumuviri), panyaya iyi kunowedzera weti rikurumidze. Uyezve, doro rinoita kuti kwemamiriro womunhu muviri calcium, potassium, magnesium, vachivhiringidza Absorção de Água ravo ura. Saka, pane kushayikwa zvinhu izvi.

In kwazvo Muzviitiko itsvo kukuvara panyaya iyi mamiriro.

chiropa dhemeji

Zviratidzo doro chiropa chepfu vari mavara. Izvi zvinosanganisira kurwadziwa zvakarurama yepamusoro quadrant, uye yellowing ganda uye sclera. Zviratidzo kwakadaro simuka nokuda zvikuvadze panyaya iyi pamusoro pechiropa masero uye intracellular muviri zvirwere.

Chenjera doro chepfu: Zviratidzo

In chakakomba chepfu murwere anogona vanowira pakoma. Panguva iyoyowo anorasikirwa kuziva, uye kwete kuteerera chero zviwane (semuenzaniso, ruzha ruzha, mumwe bhabhadzira padama, tingling, etc.).

doro wevasungwa iri systemic riparadzirwe, akaenzana 3 g / L uye kumusoro, chinokonzera pakoma. Zvino govera maitikiro dzayo mbiri: asingafungi uye rakadzika. Funga zviratidzo zvavo zvizere.

• Zvachero pakoma.

Nokuti zvakadaro dzinoratidzwa: kurasikirwa pfungwa, akayangarara kufamba pamusoro eyeballs, akaderedza aikanganiswa marwadzo, kunyanya salivation, zvakasiyana mboni kukura (munotinyima - akura), kwomusikirwo nokushatiriswa kuzvidzivirira kufamba kana kuchinja chiso chedu, mwoyo palpitations, Flushing ganda uye membranes kwameso, kupfupika mweya .

• Deep pakoma.

Zviratidzo nomuchetura doro kuberekerwa mwana nomumwe kunowanzoguma kurasikirwa marwadzo manyawi, zvinoderedza kuti tembiricha yomuviri, kusavapo mudzira hunenge, kugwinha, kurasikirwa tsandanyama matauriro, akaderedza BP, pallor kana cyanosis ganda, vasanyanye kudzama uye kakawanda kufema, kwemwoyo akaratidza rokumuka.

Kwokuomerwa doro kudhaka

Chiratidzo doro chepfu zvinogona simba kana kutaurwa. Chii chinombodiwa kuvimba? Mhinduro yomubvunzo uyu isu haangatongovi ikozvino.

• Huwandu doro kuparadzwa. Pamusoro kubvuma kuti muviri womunhu guru mishonga panyaya iyi, kunyanya panguva, chiropa haana nguva kuti ironge nayo. Saka kukwana doro kuparara zvigadzirwa uchingounganidza muropa, ipapo kukuvara zvinokosha zvomukati izvi, kufanana uropi, chiropa, itsvo, mwoyo uye nezvimwe.
• Age. Nokuti chinonyanya vasanonoka migumisiro doro ndivo vana uye vakwegura. Izvi imhaka yokuti kuyaruka havasati akaumba zvakafanira nzira yose neutralization, uye vakwegura, havaiti kuita basa ravo achida yepamusoro.
• Idiosyncrasy. Personal panyaya iyi kusashivirira uye, naizvozvo, kukurumidza kukura kudhaka kunonyanya mune iri Mongoloid munhangemutange. Izvi imhaka yokuti vakaita kwakaderedza basa rinokosha enzayemu, iyo inodiwa zvakakwana disintegration doro.
• Panguva pamuviri, kushomeka kudya, kurukutika, pancreatic chirwere, chiropa uye chirwere cheshuga. mamiriro akadaro kuderedza basa mashandiro guru uye neutralizing rokutsvaira nhengo (chiropa).
• Tikafunga doro uye zvinodhaka. The hunokachidza mugumisiro doro kakawanda kunowedzera apo concomitantly zvinodhaka zvakadai tranquillizers, akarara mapiritsi, antidepressants, uye dzimwe NSAIDs.
• Yokuvirisa uye netsvina. The chepfu Migumisiro doro inowedzera nokuda yokuvirisa dzakadaro uye netsvina zvakadai methyl doro, aldehydes, yepamusoro alcohols, ethylene glycol, furfural, uye vamwe.
• Kunwa panyaya iyi usina chawadya. By doro usina chawadya nayo wefodya unopinda muropa iri hafu dose, izvo zvingaita kuti zvikuru chepfu.

What kudhaka?

Zvino munoziva sei kune doro chepfu. Zviratidzo uye kurapwa zvakadaro inoti anomiririrwa pepa rino.

Kana ukaona kuti pashure kunwa doro shamwari yako akarwara, unofanira pakarepo kudaidza amburenzi. Izvi imhaka zvinhu zvinotevera:

• Zvakakomba pathological ezvinhu anokonzerwa doro kudhaka, kazhinji kunotungamirira kurufu.
• chiremba ane ruzivo chete anokwanisa kuongorora mamiriro wacho taurira kurapwa.
• Kusvibisa kurapa zvinoda kushandisa zvinodhaka.
• Kazhinji, kurapwa nokuti zvikuru doro kudhaka kuitwa muna zvashata mukamuri kana kuti dhipatimendi kuti yevanorwara zvikuru.

rubatsiro First pamusha

How kurapa doro chepfu (zviratidzo uye vabatwe ichi vanorondedzerwa munyaya ino)? Chekutanga, unofanira kushevedzera nyanzvi. Nepo chiremba nenzira kunodiwa kupa wacho rubatsiro rwekutanga. Chii?

• Airway. Izvi zvinoda kuti murwere kubvisa rurimi (kana zapadenii), uye ipapo kuchenesa nomumukanwa mhango. Kana zvichiita, zvakakodzera kushandisa rabha girobhu racho. Kana kunyanya salivation murwere vanofanira kupinda mutsinga 1,0-0,1% atropine. zviyero izvi zvinodiwa zvakakwana okisijeni wedzerai uye kudzivirira blockage rokumusoro yemweya.
• Ipa munhu rworudyi nzvimbo (kurutivi rwayo) nekusunga mutauro (somuenzaniso, aine chigunwe kana chipunu).
• Ipa rubatsiro rwekufema uye kudzvinya pachipfuva (kufema nokusungwa uye mwoyo). Maitiro akadaro vanofanira chinozoiswa pamberi kwemwoyo uye kufema.
• Uyai wacho mupfungwa, kana akarasikirwa nayo. Kuti izvi zvidaro, mumhino murwere zvakafanira kuuya donje shinda ne amoniya.
• Kunyengedza kurutsa (chete kana munhu anoziva). Kuti aite izvi, anofanira kupa wakawanda mhinduro kana mumiririri chaiye chinokonzera kurutsa. nzira Izvi inoshanda chete pakutanga maawa pashure kudyiwa panyaya iyi.

Kana nzira izvi regai kubatsira, ipapo kuita zvinotevera:

• Gastric lavage. Akuvara kupa kunonyanyisa huwandu mvura, uye ipapo waitsimbirira pamudzi rurimi.
• murwere kwepasi. Munhu mukavaisa noushamwari pamubhedha uye negumbeze muffle.
• Kugamuchira adsorbent. Ipa nedambudziko sorbents kupinza siyana muchetura. Ivo kuwedzera neutralization uye kubviswa doro mumuviri.

Mishonga nokuti mishonga doro chepfu

Zvinotevera maturusi anokwanisa kupiwa muchipatara akuvara:

• Drug "Metadoksil" intramuscularly. mushonga uyu, hwakasikwa zvakananga kuti kurapwa doro nomuchetura. It anowedzera rinoitwa makemikari zviri kukonzera panyaya iyi Utilisation. Saka, nyaya kunoreva anomhanya kubudiswa uye excretion doro. Uyezve, anodzosa chiropa masero uye anovandudza epfungwa rechipfuwo.
• Mavhitaminzi uye shuga vari kusanganiswa chete sirinji. coctail kwakadaro kunonatsiridza metabolic pezvakaitwa uye Inowedzera kuti neutralization uye kubviswa panyaya iyi. Uyezve, zvinoderedza ngozi psychosis chidhakwa mavambo.
• Droppers mvura uye zvicherwa mwero. Ivo kuvandudza riparadzirwe ropa kuburikidza nhumbi, uyewo kuita kuti kudzorerwa anodiwa mvura uye zvicherwa mwero.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti doro chepfu zviratidzo nerwatata inoda hepatic mabiko. mishonga yakadaro hunowedzera kushanda vakati mitumbi kugadzira masero tagovera uye mhanyisa Clearance panyaya iyi.

Kazhinji doro kudhaka, vanachiremba vanoshandisa zvinodhaka "Pirozol" uye "Fomepizol". Izvi mushonga tsva kushandiswa vakuvadzwe nomuchetura pamwe ethylene glycol uye methanol. Ivo kuderedza basa chiropa enzayemu uye zvinodzongonyedza paumbwe chepfu zvinhu.