Denationalization uye privatization: kutonhodza hurongwa

Kukura pamusika upfumi iri kuchinja nguva kunoda rose akagadzirwa zviyero nokuda kugadzirisa yose upfumi kuti kuzvipa kunonyanyisa kunyatsoshanda uye agility. Chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha nzvimbo basa iri ndiro denationalization uye privatization pfuma. Zviitiko zvakadaro inobatsira kuti chidzoke idzva siyana sangano okuwana mabasa ose sectors hwenyika.

Kazhinji, basa rakadaro kunoitika zvinorwadza kwazvo dzakasiyana-siyana evanhu mapoka, uye kunyange kuti deregulation uye privatization kunosanganisira redistribution pfuma uye kodzero kushandiswa kwayo, mukufamba Implementation wavo kazhinji akaparadza zvatinosiita ukoshi zviito, kuchinja ukoshi enyika, ipapo kushandura kuti uzivi zvoupfumi pfungwa, vaya mapoka vemo kuti vanobatanidzwa munyaya izvi. Nekuti denationalization uye privatization zvinoda kukura rukasimbiswa zvirongwa zvinopa yakanakisisa nzira iyi socio-upfumi muitiro. Nzvimbo zvinokosha kunzwisisa zviri zvakafanira zviyero ndiwo mubvunzo kuti kunzwisisa zviri Dzidziso deregulation uye privatization zvakajeka.

Pasi denationalization iri broadest zvinoreva kuti izwi anofanira kunzwisiswa semashoko kwegadziriro matanho pamusoro de-monopolization hwenyika uye Kuramba ari administrative-murayiro ayo budiriro nzira kuitira kuti vapinde munzira inotungamirwa multistructure zvoupfumi mashandiro, kukudziridza zvepanyama mitemo kumusika upfumi yakabudirira. Chikuru chinhu panyaya iyi, sezvo mutemo, kuti tiite mabasa zvainanga kusunungurwa hurumende mukana zvachose uye zvakananga kupindira mune zvoupfumi muitiro, uye kudzora nayo. World zvinoratidza kuti mutemo denationalization, basa iri Zvingagadziriswa vaviri dyidzana uye vzaimoobuslavlivayuschih mabasa:

- kuchinja kubva pakurayira zvoupfumi Michina utariri nzira, kwakavakirwa kuitwa mitemo zvoupfumi;

- kuchinja zviri uye siyana kugadzirwa uye mamiriro ezveupfumi maererano ayo multistructure uye vakasununguka kukura.

divestiture kwacho kunosanganisira Implementation anotevera mabasa:

- kusikwa inobudirira vasiri mamiriro kwemauto hwenyika kusimukira pahwaro vakasiyana marudzi mabhizimisi;

- yokutendeutsa uye kutapurirana emakambani ehurumende pfuma nenzira inoshanda kukura mune musika upfumi, kutanga - kusunungurwa kubva zvakananga neHurumende chiito achibatsirwa iri yaiona-murayiro nzira;

- privatization chepfuma zvakananga mumaoko vagari - nokusika private kwemauto hwenyika.

Saka, kunyange kubva kugutsikana ichi chinoratidza kuti deregulation uye privatization - systemically interconnected pezvakaitwa apo privatization mabasa ari STRUCTURAL nhengo zvaida divestiture itsika.

In tsika, privatization anogona kuitwa uye chirongwa denationalization, umo zvakafamba ipfupi chete decentralization management akaitwa, kana kushandura chimiro muridzi , pasina kuchinja muridzi. Kazhinji, kwakadaro privatization Ipfungwa rinoshandiswa kuti kuzoita upfumi kana ayo munhu sectors.

Mumwe mhando privatization - the privatization pakati matunhu neminisiparati pfuma, ndiye muenzaniso. Zvinonzi inoitwa zvikurukuru nechinangwa kukwezva upfumi kumatunhu. Kurongwa, izvi ndiko kutapurirana muridzi, kwenguva refu risi nyika, mabhizimisi, kwezvivako pamusoro mamiriro kwavo kutora mukana kukura uye mazuvaano mapurazi Kutamiswa.

Privatization kuti pfuma matunhu neminisiparati masangano uye zvinobatsira zviremera zvemo uye mabhizimisi, ndokusaka mune dzimwe nyika, kusanganisira kumatunhu Russia, chinozoiswa akasununguka privatization chirongwa. mashandiro Izvi zvinoita makanzuru kubvisa zvinhu kuti hazvigoni zvinobudirira kushandiswa navo uye vachiri kuita purofiti, kune munhu akabhadhara kana kuita privatization.