Ebola utachiwana: kutamira nzira. Ebola: huru zviratidzo

Over yose kwarwo, vanhu haisi vava kuda kutsakatika. Kuputsika utano homo sapiens vanogara pachena kuti zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinogona vadzime rudzi kwevanhu kubva penyika kamwe kwenguva dzose.

Kuburikidza minzwa - kuti Kushanduka

A nedenda rinouraya, dema chibhokisi utachiona kwevanhu chirwere (AIDS), korera nezvimwewo zvomunyama tsitsi mowed pasi vanhu kwemazana emakore. Uyewo, njodzi dzinongoitika dzoga, dzakadai tsunami, kudengenyeka uye kuputika kwemakomo, nokushingaira vakaedza, kana kwete kuparadza, kana kuderedza nhamba yevanhu. Asi vanhu iri zvishoma nezvishoma akanga ari pamahombekombe upenyu norufu, kuti abudirire kukunda zvipingamupinyi zvose amire munzira kwayo kukura.

Tiny dzevanhu nemisha Zvishoma nezvishoma kuva guru, nzvimbo shuttles nendege muchadenga, vokuAmerica kugara kwechinguva pamusoro mwedzi, uye masayendisiti tega akawandisa zvinodhaka kubva zvinenge zvose zvirwere. Uyezve, kanoda mushonga kugara yokudzivirira vanokwanisa recreate antibodies vanhu zvirwere zvakadai gwirikwiti, toxoplasmosis, rubella, yokuSpain, uye zvichingodaro.

Strength Test

Zvaizoratidza sokuti vanhu ndakawana kiyi utano uye kukunda unokuvadza utachiwana. Asi pane zvakanga! A ngozi itsva rufu, ane zita - Ebola. Chii: a mutated utachiona, kuvandudzwa itsva zvombo zvoutachiona, imwe mupasa kubva muchadenga? Kana pamwe zviri Mother Nature otsiva pamusoro pavanhu kuti akavezwa masango, mhepo yakasvibiswa uye mhuka tsitsi kuparadzwa?

Nyaya ino vachakuudza zvose zvatinoziva pamusoro Ebola utachiwana: yedzimudzangara nzira, zviratidzo, mukurwara, kubaya uye marapirwo.

The ngozi itsva

Nokuti nguva yokutanga iyo chirwere chinouraya, "dzakavhenekera" muna 1976, muna Africa. Ebola - a haemorrhagic fivha, utachiona kupfuura nengozi, pamusoro izvo hakuna yakavimbika mushonga kana mishonga inoporesa. Kana hosha ndingangokuvara rufu 25 kusvika 75 muzana, kunze pamberi Ebola utachiona mumuviri kupararira chirwere kunoitika asi nokukurumidza.
Yavo itsva-akawanikwa kurwisa panguva chitarisiko chake chokutanga unosla upenyu vanhu 128 muvhiki shomanana. Denda rikaguma pachishandiswa zvikuru kupatsanura varwere.
Kubvira ipapo, utachiona nguva nenguva kuoneka, asi foci chirwere nokukurumidza yacho kare nekusimba nzira kwokuoma voga wevarwere, abvisa chero nzira kutapurirana Ebola.

aizourayiwa

The pakukura munhoroondo yevanhu epidimii yatanga Ebola yakatanga mumatsutso 2014 munzvimbo nhatu Africa: Liberia, Guinea uye muSierra Leone. In chete mwedzi mina utachiona wakauraya vanhu 5,000, pamusoro chete nhamba chirwere.Asi, asi chishamiso vakapona.

Masayendisiti munyika yose vari kudzidza pamakona ose, muurayi utachiona, asi kuti chokwadi asi kuzivikanwa chete nzira kuparadzira Ebola. Uye ichi ndicho zvikuru chinokosha zvakawanikwa, kuburikidza iro raunogona kana musingadi kuporesa nefivha, ipapo dzinenge kuderedza kushoma "rwendo" ayo pasi pose. Pashure pezvose, kupfuura chinhu Ebola utachiwana - hutachiwana nokuparadzirwa rwokuzvarwa noutachiona. Kupatsanura varwere - chete yakarurama chiito kudzivisa dispersal chirwere. Zviri chiyero kumisa chirwere ichi vanotyisa kufanana Ebola. Modes ose kutapukirwa zvinogona kudziviswa chete kana kunobva utachiona iri dzoga.

Vose mhosva yacho mbeva

Kupararira Ebola utachiona It inoitika kuonana mucous Kamudzira kana muviri zvinwiwa kuti munhu ane HIV kana mhuka. Pervonositelyami utachiwana uyu zviremwaremwa, muchero zviremwaremwa nedzimwe mhuka (semuenzaniso, tsoko uye porcupines) vari utachiona kuonana mate dzavo uye mutsvina yadzo.

mupasa

Ebola kutapukirwa mashandiro kubva nemhuka vanhu kunokonzerwa zvakananga kuonana zvinhu kwevanhu excretory system (ropa, madzihwa, node weti uye) neutachiona mhuka. Uyezve, ichi rinoshanda kwete chete kune mupenyu fauna of, asiwo vaya vakafa Ebola (yedzimudzangara makwara vachaponeswa uye pashure pokufa mhuka, kunyange chiitiko kuti akatanga gadziriro manyowa).

The Utachiona nyore chinopinda mumba muviri, chirwere hwapedyo 14 kusvika 21 mazuva, zvichienderana immunocompromised.
Imwe nzira wokushandura Ebola - vachidya nyama neutachiona mhuka, kunyanya kana nyama mbishi.

Features utachiwana

Kudzidza utachiwana pasi mikrosokpom zvakava pachena kuti anotaridzika sei refu, gobvu filaments ayo anotanga zvakakopwa uye muwande mumwe, uye zvino sei kubatanidza nhengo dzose dzinokosha pamusoro utachiona. Kwozouya iwe rakatevera danho, riri kuita Ebola utachiwana. Nzira kutapukirwa - midziyo ropa uye nhengo dzinobudisa hurongwa. Dalneshem Kugadzirwa chirwere rikaitika mumasero kuti pave puroteni. Virus aivamo anotanga kubudisa nemavhairasi mapuroteni, uye izvi zvinozoita kukanganisa vamwe muchitokisi. Saka, nhamba masero utachiona vari kukura exponentially.

cheni kuita

Zvinoita sokuti - Africa iri kure. Nei World Health Organization zvinoita aramu? Chii saka ngozi yose Ebola? Kupararira chirwere chinogona kupedzwa mumwe munhu kune imwe, izvo zvinoreva kuti nenzira iyi chinogona kupararira munyika yose. Pasina inoshanda yokudzivirira uye inobudirira kurapwa hutachiwana Ebola utachiwana cheni "zvemhuka utachiona, murume-murume" vanotyisidzira yose zvoutachiona njodzi, kusvikira kwakakwana kunyangarika vanhu!

World Health Organization nyanzvi kupa mwoyo Zvaifungidzirwa pamusoro zvichibvira matenda, vakapiwa kuti, kusvikira chinotapukira Ebola. Modes ose kutapukirwa vari kwakapararira uye siyana kuti, maererano nenhamba, mumwe munhu anorwara anogona kombera maviri utano.

The mvura donhwe - rufu

Sezvineiwo, utachiona haisi pachishandiswa kuenda neherikoputa mumate, asi haina zvinobvisa kubva pangozi. A nzira kuparadzira kubva Ebola utachiona munhu kuti utano kunoitika nokuda kutungamirira pedyo kuonana utachiona utachiona zvinwiwa. The Donhwe ropa, weti, node, mukaka uye urume murwere mhenyu rufu.

Asi kuti hazvisi zvose kuti inokwanisa Ebola utachiona: yedzimudzangara nzira hakugumiri pamusoro kuonana secretions dzemuviri. Zvinonzi vakayambuka ziya, mucous, nemate, chakavanzika nhengo dzakavandika. With zvose izvi ndingangokuvara makaita chirwere ichi angavatsugudusa munhu wose akabata zvinhu izvo nehofisi vachirwara nefivha.

Hazvina ngozi zvikuru uye kuti munhu anoramba ari peddler chirwere chero muviri wayo rine utachiona. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti urume nevarume anoramba ane utachiona kunyange 50 Mazuva pashure kupora, saka kudzivisa utachiona yevanhu Ebola utachiona utano, vane hutachiwana inogona zvakauya bonde, vanachiremba zvakasimba kuvakurudzira akapora rurege chero pabonde ukama kwemwedzi inoverengeka.

The zvaisazogona pamusoro zvaichengetedza

Kuti tidzivise chirwere, uyewo haana kubata Ebola utachiona, nzira yedzimudzangara inofanira kuchengetwa kuti minimum: haisi akakurudzira vanhu kushanyira nyika iyo nzvimbo yacho denda vari. Mukuwedzera ichi chero nzira kuva nevanhu-vatakuri chirwere.
Ebola, iro kuchinjwa unoitwa chero nzira, kunze kuburikidza kuenda neherikoputa mumate, ndiyo ngozi vanogara chero nyika.

chirwere

Special insidiousness utachiona ichi ndechokuti chirwere hazvigoni dzaona pakarepo, sezvo zviratidzo zviri chaizvo rakafanana kutanga kwekupwanyiwa chakasimba kufema chirwere, kana SARS. Sei zvose zvichaitika?

1. In kwokutanga pavaipfuura chirwere fivha, nomusoro, munhu anonzwa kurwara, tsandanyama simba uye kurwadziwa huro. izvi zvose anotarira akafanana chaiwo kwazvo huro kana besa.
2. Zvishoma nezvishoma, chirwere mberi, anotanga kuda kurutsa uye kurutsa, manyoka, ganda akafuka mapundu, chiropa uye itsvo havagoni kukurira mabasa ayo, utachiona zvishoma nezvishoma "inodzora kure" dziviriro yezvirwere mumuviri muviri, saka haana amupe mukana kundorwa pokudengenyeka chirwere.
3. The apotheosis chirwere anoita Hemorrhagic chirwere: murwere ropa miromo, matadza, maziso, ganda, nzeve. Mukuwedzera, ropa ikabuda zvomukati.
4. Rufu kunoitika mukati memazuva 8-14 pashure pakatanga chirwere. Yerufu - ane irreparable kupera mvura mumuviri uye kukurumidza kuwedzera BP.

A muedzo tipone

Kana uchifungidzira chirwere Ebola, izvo nokupfuuridzirwa nzira vane zvakawanda nezviito, Zvinokurudzirwa zvakasimba kuona chiremba uyo chinodiwa kubata nhevedzano nemiedzo kuramba kana kuzosimbisa pamberi chirwere pamuviri.

Pari, chakavimbika kupfuura nzira kuzivisa Ebola - nomuedzo wacho polymerase cheni maitiro, umo nyanzvi ngaaverenge utachiwana genome. Achibatsirwa yokuedzwa iri rinogona kuona chirwere achiri Danho uye vanoedza kumisa kukura kwayo.

Mirayiridzo vanachiremba

Vashandi Health arangarirwe pamusoro nokungwarira nokurera mimwe dzomumuviri yatorwa varwere vanofungidzirwa Ebola utachiwana: yedzimudzangara nzira pachiimbwa "zvakanaka ivhu - usina kuzvidzivirira Man playing" ngozi kungofanana zvakananga kuonana murwere. Muenzaniso ndechokuti panguva yokunyorwa mu Africa akafa 10 vanachiremba.

vanachiremba kunokosha chaizvo kuchengeta zvokungwarira akadai:

• Washing uye kugeza maoko disinfectant;
• antiviral akapfeka dzokurapa Masiki uye unodzivirira zvipfeko anokosha;
• kushandiswa pachake unodzivirira michina.

Treatment kuti "pamwe"

Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, munhu akavimbisa kurapwa uye marezinesi mushonga pamusoro Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever kwakaita December 2014 haako. Zvisinei, munguva pfupi yapfuura, muUnited States musi 20 Vazvipiri hwevanhu kwakaedzwa novoizobretonnaya mushonga, iyo chiito ndiko kutanga antibodies anokwanisa pritivostoyat utachiwana.

The chikuru Kurapa ine anonditsigira kurapa:

• intravenous electrolyte mhinduro kudzivirira kupera mvura mumuviri;
• Disinfection kwemuviri;
• kufema rutsigiro uye zvokuimba kufefetedza.

Nemhaka kuita manipulations izvi zvinogona kuderedza kunopindirana kufa ne 10%, asi kuporesa zvose vanorwara hazvibviri.

kusina pakwakavakirwa kutya

yevagari nyika iri chaizvo hanya nezvomukana dambudziko panomuka kumativi ose apasi.
Uyewo, vazhinji vanotya kuti, kufanana chero utachiona, Ebola anogona ichishanduka muchimiro ngozi zvikuru, zvichiita kunotangira pachishandiswa kuenda neherikoputa mumate. Masayendisiti anoti hapana prerequisites kuitira kuti utachiwana pakarepo akatanga kufamba nomumhepo.

Bhizimisi mune ramangwana revanhu

Nokuti pokumuka yokudzivirira uye zvinodhaka pamusoro ngozi itsva dzinounzwa hombe mazakwatira emari. Chidimbu US mari imwe $ 1.000.000, uye kutorwa anenge 3,000 yakanakisisa masayendisiti kuti yakagadzirwa yavangabata ngozi yakarembera pamusoro vanhu. Uyezve, nyika dzakawanda nenzira yose kuti vabatsire Africa pakurwisa Ebola utachiwana. Nyanzvi dzinodavira kuti kana mugore Ebola haangazozikamwi akapingudzwa, zvishoma nezvishoma pakanyenga pose pose.

Nendiro uchi mudhiramu pamusoro Ebola

Pasinei guru pangozi Ebola utachiona, pane zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kuita manotsi kuzorora. Vakazongofunga kuti:

• utachiwana hakusi nyore Zvisinei kutama mumwe muviri mupenyu, pasinei vakawandisa Kupfuudzwa nzira, kumhanya Mashoko utachiwana yakaderera chaizvo;
• zvirwere zvakadai yokuSpain, gwirikwiti uye AIDS, vakapararira kukunda Ebola - uye vanhu vachiri vagere pasi;
• mu yakabudirira nyika vanosimudza utachiona njodzi ipfupi chepakarepo razero;
• Nhasi uwandu nyaya iri dikisa - vanhu 5,000 chete (zviya, kubva banal furuwenza kufa gore rimwe nerimwe hafu yemiriyoni vanhu munyika);
• Chaizvoizvo, vanhu vakabvira kare nedambudziko rakafanana chirwere uye zvinobudirira akahwina: muna 2008 mu Europe "vakokwa" Marburg utachiwana - anongoda mapatya munun'una Ebola iri nzira nokuparadzirwa uye zviratidzo;
• zvinenge zvose dzendege zvakawanda kana zvishoma zvinokosha zviri vakapakata utsanana uye utano nzvimbo, iyo kuongorora vatsva kutakura.

Aunganidze pamwe, tinogona zvakachengeteka kubvuma kuti Ebola kwemashoko chirwere uye migumisiro - hauzivi pokutangira, asi chete kana havachengeti zvokutanga utsanana dzemunharaunda. In yakabudirira nyika rurefu azvipire hanya zvichida yatanga utachiwana anenge razero.
Uyezve, nokuti vamwe nokukurumidza kuchava mushonga kuti achadzivirira vanhu kubva nokutyisidzirwa itsva.
Uyezve, vanachiremba tsvakurudzo matanho mberi mune kusvetuka uye miganhu - uye kwazvo zvichida vaviri emakore nyika haizorambi chimwe achirwara munhu, uye Ebola utachiona richanyura kupinda yokukanganwa.