Ekunyebera Russian werudzii, ayo hunomusiyanisa nevamwe zvinhu uye maitiro

Ekunyebera Russian manyorerwo chinhu mapurani kuitika mu Russia muna 19-20 emakore. The koshesa zvinhu pano vari tsika mapurani uye zvavo art. Rinosanganisira wandei Sub-mapoka, kusanganisira Russian-Byzantine uye chiNazi Russian mirayiridzo.

The ekunyebera Russian manyorerwo ane zvakawanda zvinhu akakweretwa kubva European mapurani uye tsika. Tinogona kutaura kuti pane chete nenyika hwokudhirowa motifs. Ndokusaka manyorero ane zita.

chidzoke

Pakati pezana remakore rechi19, apo kutanga nokurongerwa kuti vavariro dzenyika uye kosi, vemifananidzo zhinji uye ezvivako yeRussia anosarudza kusika vamwe "Fusion" hwekare zvavo siyana, asi pasina vachibayira ano (nokuti iyoyo) mberi. Saka pane ekunyebera Russian maitiro. Mwari akaronga kuti ndimutsidzire achabatira art Russia kurishandisa kwete matoyi zviduku, kana raanoziva mabasa akadai fenicha, asiwo guru-pamwero muzvirongwa.

Kutaura zvazviri, ekunyebera Russian werudzii sezvo vakadaro haako. Zita iri riri zvemasanga. Chine dzinoverengeka dzinokura, dzimwe nguva vaine zvinangwa dzinopesana. Saka nhasi pane nyongano, apo ezvivako vanobatanidza zviviri zvakasiyana zvachose zvayo siyana, mitsetse uye yakarongedzwa chivako ari ekunyebera Russian maitiro.

Musiyano kukosha iri Kugadzira. Ekunyebera Russian manyorerwo zvokuti anonzwisisa kuti rinogona kubatanidzwa nemamwe mapurani kuitika, kusanganisira Art Nouveau uye romanticism.

budiriro

Ekunyebera Russian manyorerwo zvinosanganisira akawanda kuitika. Ivo akazviratidza sezvo inokudziridza:

1. Russian-Byzantine. Akabuda ari 1830s, manyorerwo iyi kwazara pakuvaka zvivako vechiKristu rechitendero (Kristu Muponesi Cathedral, Ascension Cathedral, Grand Kremlin Palace).
2. Romanticism uye Slavophilism. Kutaura zvazviri, manyorerwo, iyo yakabuda gare gare rapfuura chete, haana zita. Asi kunoita dzakanyorwa mapurani kuitika. Muenzaniso mukuru ndiye Pogodinskaya dumba.
3. Ropetovschina. The mirayiridzo rinowanikwa 1870s, zviri oversaturated murimi mudiki acho tsika uye mapurani (Terem, Printing nemapoka). Zviri kuti kupararira nokuda kusimudzira inozivikanwa mutsoropodzi Stasov.
4. Official. Bellied mbiru, Pamifananidzo ane National chishongo, pasi ceilings muchimiro maberere - zvose izvi maitiro mirayiridzo. Rinotaurawo nyasha tsika uye ngano. Mienzaniso - Upper Trading Rows, pakuvaka Historical Museum.
5. Neo-Russian. Agozviratidza kwezana remakore rechi20. Architects vanowanzotevedzera akakura nyore, saka ivo nokubatanidza zvinhu Zvivako zvekare uye netsika kuchamhembe mapurani. Vanhu vakawanda cherechedzai zvakafanana nemashoko ano (Chechi Muponesi Wedu).

Nguva ichangopfuura, vanyori venhau dzakaitika akaparadzaniswa chiNazi Russian kwokukurukurirana ekunyebera anokubatai ive yakazvimirira mapurani kuitika. Asi paivawo vaya kunovabatanidza. Buildings ekunyebera Russian manyorerwo iri rinoparadzirwa munyika, kusanganisira vakawanda kure kumatunhu nayo.

Features chitarisiko

Sezvo neimwe nyika, Russia yave nokukwereta kumwedzi. vavariro siyana uye kosi kudzidza kubva Europe, Eastern inoti uye West. Zvino nguva yasvika nokushaiwa National zvinhu. Naizvozvo, ekunyebera Russian werudzii kuRussia, uyewo rwayo, anogona kunzi dzinongoitika.

Zvakakurukurwa mapurani kuitika vari munzira dzakawanda. Richipararira mavara - tsvukuruka, chena uye tsvuku.

Zvinogona kucherechedzwa uye kukwanisa kubatanidza maitiro. Pakanga pasina yakajeka mutsauko. Inogona nyore kubatanidzwa nemamwe zvitaera zvakawanda zvakadai Gothic, kana ekunyebera modernity.

mamirire zvinhu

Ekunyebera Russian werudzii mu mapurani ine kusiyana kwayo, naro nayo kunotsanangurwa. Mamirire zvinhu zvinogona kuonekwa tafura.

It rinowanzoshandiswa pakuvaka pedenga kushongedzwa muchimiro Kukosa cockerel kana mureza.

Zvivako vakawanda muRussia kuti achiripo yazvino, anoswedera kune tsananguro uye unhu ekunyebera Russian maitiro.

mhedziso

Mukutanga kwezana remakore rechi20 ekunyebera Russian manyorerwo uye netsvimbo kuti nhengo kuvaka vari zvishoma nezvishoma kutanga kupera. The pamadziro zvezvivako mazhinji ose turrets, mukuru denga, mahwindo maduku vachivhura rurege kuti muzvivako mapurani uye administrative zvivako.

Somuenzaniso, hombe imba iri Duma, anovaka paitonga mirayiridzo vava kuvakwa kushandisa kubudirira itsva mapurani uye ruzivo (kushandisa midziyo, hombe michina). Zvinodiwa Zvivako ano havasi kusangana ekunyebera Russian maitiro. Destination akitekicha weekly. A manyorero midzi kare, achisiya yakawanda Zvivako uye zvivako akasiyana.