Grade nekongiri simba: mhando, zvinhu. Grade nekongiri simba - GOST

Pfungwa yokuti 'kirasi kongiri "wakatangwa muna 1986. Nhamba iyi anosarudza anozivikanwa acho, sezvo ndiro simba mureza. Zvisinei, waivapo pamberi pfungwa hachizi akabvumira GOST26633-91 saka kure.

Ko muchiso

Brand kongiri -. Compressive simba cubes kubva mhinduro ane unopinza kureba masendimita 15 asati pakutanga vakaedzwa zvigare mukati memazuva 28 pasi ambient ezvinhu. Kana kudira kongiri cubes bhayoneti kunodiwa kubvisa mhepo matema. Zvakabuda compressive simba vari vakagumisa pasi. Akasarudzwa muchiso chetsamba "M". Next ndiye mufananidzo unoratidza kuutio simba kgf / masendimita ^2. Dzimwe nguva, pane kutora cubes humburumbira dhayamita pamusoro masendimita 15 uye kukwirira masendimita 30. GOSTS kubvumira vamwe mharidzo hukuru. Nepo kirasi kongiri zvinoratidza shoma simba chinoratidza (ane zvichibvira kukanganisa 13.5%), tsikisa zvinoratidza chete paavhareji.

Ndezvipi mavanga kongiri vakawana simba

Panguva ino, hachizi neve M50 kuna M1000. Chivako chiri zvakawanda inowanzoshandiswa zvinhu M100-M350. In wacho imba rokuvaka riri kuonekwa zvikuru nevanhu M300.

Ndiyo nzira inogona kushandiswa pezvitsiga siyana nekongiri simba:

• M100 haasi kunyanya akasimba, ari kungoshandisa achigadzirira Nomumakomba kuti nheyo vachiteura. Dzimwe nguva rinoshandiswa senzira bhainda paakapa kerbstones.
• M150 inogona kushandiswa uriri screeds, achidira they uye kudurura nheyo kuti muzvivako diki.
• M200 rinoshandiswa kuvaka nemurwi uye pasi pasi imba tepi. Uye kurishandisa kuti zvaAtemisi masitepisi walkways uye platforms.
• M250 rinoshandiswa kuti mudziyo zvikuru zvakavimbika pasi pasi imba.
• M300 - Sezvambotaurwa, kupfuura inowanzoshandiswa mugiredhi kongiri. Kushandiswa kudira nheyo, rakanyorwa uriri, erection kuti fenzi.
• M350. Kushandiswa kudira monolithic masvingo, matanda, mbiru uye Slabs. Mugwaro chete unonyatsokodzera pakuvaka kwendiro nembiya. Imhaka kongiri yakadai nokuda yendege zviuno.
• Of M400 muchiso nekongiri kugadzirwa mabhiriji, bhengi safes uye t. D. In chaiwo redzimba kuvaka zvinhu zvakadaro harishandiswi nokuda kudhura.
• M450-500 vaishandisawo pakuvaka mabhiriji, madhamu, tunnels, madhamu.

kongiri makirasi

Concrete kirasi - kupfuura yakarurama chakarurama. Zvinonzi akasarudzwa netsamba "B". The nhamba inoratidza kumanikidzwa shure kwayo, izvo zvinogona kukunda zvinhu muna MPa, kusvikira 95%. Full siyana inoshandiswa bhizimisi uye kuvaka makirasi 3.5-80 kongiri. Next, ratinoparidza kuti pfungwa dzako chiduku tafura tsamba kupfuura dzakakurumbira zvidzidzo uye mamakisi:

Kubva chii kungaenderana nesimba zvinhu

Simba mukirasi uye mugiredhi kongiri kungaenderana siyana zvinokonzera pamusoro. The chatingatevedzera musanganiswa zvinokonzerwa parameters siyana. Chokutanga zviri Chokwadi, nhamba ejecha filler. The hombe wokutanga muduku pane yechipiri, kwakasimba kuti chakwata chigadzirwa. Somunhu filler muna vose private uye mumaindasitiri kuvakwa inowanzoshandiswa jecha. simba Concrete kunotsamira kusanganisira pamusoro zvachiri. Muumbi agobudisirwa hari yacho excipient, ndipo zviri pazasi. Chokwadi, pane nesimba kongiri kunokanganisa zvizivikanwe esimende. Zvinhu kuti ingamutsa vasanyanye kongiri quality, unogona kuva:

• pamberi musanganiswa Organic netsvina;
• kuvapo guruva zvinoriumba izvozvo;
• ivhu tsvina.

Uyezve, simba iri mhinduro kunoenderana uwandu mvura pazviri. Than dzayo duku, chikuru mutoro ari nekutambira kugadzirwa anogona kushivirira. The ndechokuti zvakawandisa mvura inotungamirira paumbwe iri kongiri kuti vakawanda pores. matema izvi uye kuderedza simba raro.

Chimwe chinoita kuti mano kongiri kuti chigone compression uye kuwedzera ndiwo mwero homogeneity pakati musanganiswa. Zvikuru nesimba Magadzirirwo vari vakawana kana mushonga rinogadzirirwa kushandisa chinokosha michina. Ari private imba chivakwa akanya inowanzopiwa akaita duku simende chisanganiso. Simba chesamende mamiriro anogona ngazviwedzerwe vibropressing vakaisa kongiri.

The tensile simba kongiri mune makakatanwa

Nhamba yacho zvizivikanwe nekongiri uye simba - ndiko, sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, mano kuutio chiso ane masendimita 15 kukurira compressive mutoro, runoratidzwa kgf / masendimita ^2. Chokwadi nhamba iri rokuvaka rinonyatsooneka. Pashure kongiri hurongwa kazhinji kutakura chero mutoro kubva kumusoro. Mienzaniso ndiwo vazvo masonry masvingo, mbiru nenheyo bhanhire, rutsigiro mbiru, uye zvichingodaro. D. Zvisinei, dzimwe nguva zvakakodzera kuziva tensile simba nekongiri uye tensile. Somuenzaniso, paivakwa matangi, silos kana madziva. Nhamba iyi iri kuti nekongiri Kazhinji hazvina yakakwirira chaizvo. Izvi zvinhu yaputswa kwazvo nyore. Ndokusaka dzimwe nguva panguva chitubu nyandu ruchitsemuka nheyo uye masvingo, sezvo kwokudzvinyirira pamusoro pavo kubva pasi uye mativi zvakaenzana. Wedzerai simba kuwedzera chisimbiso. simba Tensile ndiro chiwedzerwa anenge mamakisi zvose nekongiri uye makirogiramu 15 / masendimita ² pane nokuyerera pamwero esimende makirogiramu 300 / ^m3.

Sei kusarudza kongiri muchiso

In drafting zvinoriumba zvose zvivako zvinofanira kupiwa mugwaro zvakakodzera nekongiri simba. GOST uye SNIP - ndizvo zvaunofanira kutungamirira sarudzo. Zvechokwadi, muna kuzvidzora kuvakwa zvakakodzera kuona kunyatsoreva imwe nyaya kana imwe zvizivikanwe nekongiri iwayo matambudziko. Nzira yakanaka kubva ezvinhu anogona kuva zano nyanzvi. Zvisinei, vanatenzi zvakavakwa nekongiri hurongwa pachavo, munyika yedu zvakakwana. Saka, mubvunzo sei kusanganisa zvakarurama sanganisa, kazhinji, imwe dambudziko hakunganzi. Somuenzaniso, nokuti erection panheyo ivhu rakanaka kubereka vanokwanisa pamusoro sandara chikamu inotoda aiwanzoshandiswa simende M400, rwizi jecha uye marara sieved mune reshiyo 1h3h5. Panenge panguva iyoyowo kukura kuti kukanya kushandisa pane mavhu ibwe matombo.

Chivako inogona kushandiswa zvakasiyana-siyana mavanga kongiri simba. Sarudza kodzero - zvinoreva nechokwadi kunonyanyisa rakavimbika uye mukurumari yakavakwa by design. The reshiyo esimende / jecha kunodiwa kuwana imwe kupiswa nekongiri, zvinogona kuwanika chinokosha pamatafura. Kuti kudziwana hakuna kuoma, mashoko ari mambure yakawanda.