How kugovera Ukraine? List pamusoro kumatunhu muUkraine

muganhu Ukrainian ane zvakakwana guru kureba - 7.700? km. Izvi, 1960 km nayo Anotambanudza mhiri mumakungwa uye 5740? Km netsoka. Ndima State inobudisa Black uye Azov makungwa. Pakati nyika dzokuEurope, maererano kureba kwayo anodada panzvimbo yokutanga.

Miganhu Ukraine vari yakarongwa nenzira kuti miganhu munyika nomwe: Russian Federation, Belarus, Moldova, Romania, Poland, Hungary, uye Slovak Republic. The chakarebesa kwavari kuonekwa nomuganhu Russia, Moldova uye Belarus. Nemhaka kundima gungwa Ukraine anewo "pamungawirirana" pamwe Turkey, Georgia uye Bulgaria.

With dzimwe nyika miganhu nomumvura mumapani uye makomo. Carpathians - yokufungidzira mutsetse kupatsanura Romania, Poland neSlovakia uye Ukraine.

Guta guru reUkraine - Kiev

Guta guru reUkraine, guta-gamba uye guta kudada yose Ukraine - Kiev. Uyezve, zviri kunzi pakukura hurumende. It is administrative uye miganhu Unit, uyewo muzinda nemagariro, zvematongerwo enyika, upfumi, zvekufambisa, sayenzi uye chitendero. Guta rine chinzvimbo chinokosha, hazvina ndezvaJehovha Kiev nharaunda uye nharaunda Kiev Svyatoshinsky, asi maererano nemagwaro akarongwa centre yavo.

Nepariri Kiev iri kuchamhembe rutivi rweUkraine, kureva yaro pakati. MuEurope, yevagari guru akatora nzvimbo vanoremekedzwa rechinomwe, shure Istanbul, London, Moscow, St. Petersburg, Berlin uye Madrid. Nhoroondo guta iri saka akapfuma kuti zvinokwanisika kutaura kwemaawa. Over nguva Kiev akashanyira guta guru rudzi Polish, uye hugota pakati Kievan Rus, ari UPR, chichiitwa caster, wokuUkraine mamiriro uye Ukrainian SSR. Yakanga chete muna 1991, Ukraine kwave kuchizivikanwa sezvo yakazvimirira uye gamba guta - payo. Iye, kufanana nezvimwe emunharaunda nzvimbo, ane yayo jasi kwezvombo uye mureza. Nokuti kuti kare, guta iri rakanga zvikuru nokuda Rus, uchiri kurongwa kunzi "mai maguta Russian."

muganhu Ukrainian

Kuchamhembe uye kuchamhembe-wokumavirazuva rweUkraine nevamwe nyika (Russia, Belarus, Poland) nomumvura dzakaderera uye wetlands. Nechokumabvazuva yose muganhu mutsetse pamwe Russia ichipfuura chinoramba bani, iro hapana miganhu. Carpathian ichipfuura pamapani demarcation mutsetse pamwe muHungary uye Slovakia. In kumavirira, pamusoro pamakomo uye foothill munzvimbo akaumba nyika pamwe Moldova, Slovakia, Poland uye Romania.

The ndima Ukraine saka zvakanaka midzi mumwoyo kumiganhu dzinonzi European, kuti zvishoma nezvishoma kunowedzera uto raro kukosha nezvainoita vose zvavo vakawanda uye kuti nyika yakavakidzana, sezvo akakodzera ndiyo mubvunzo rokuponesa ehurumende miganhu, vari kusarudza kunosanganisira yose European Union. Nokuti kuti zvakasikwa miganhu mune dzimwe nzvimbo dziri kuonekwa hope, uye nyika ine kupedza zvakakwana yakawanda bhajeti mari yokuvaka uye nokusimbaradza kuzvidzivirira shongwe, uye zvichingodaro. D.

Kumatunhu Ukraine

Masayendisiti uye vanyori vagovane Ukraine kupinda 15 kumatunhu. Vamwe vavo vane vapfumi, vamwe varombo. Asi zvose - chikamu chikuru uye simba simba. The ndima Ukraine conditionally rakatsemuka kuva mativi maviri: East uye West. Mumwe nomumwe wavo rakakamurwa mberi munzvimbo dzakawanda:

1. chernihiv.

2. Kyiv nharaunda.

3. Dnieper.

4. Gungwa Azov.

5. Donbass.

6. Slobozhanina.

7. Prichernomorie (pano rinoshandawo Crimean Peninsula).

8. masiketi.

9. Poltava.

10. Bessarabia.

11. Bukovina.

12. Galicia (nharaunda iri uyewo ndiye Lemko nyika, Boiko uye Huzulschyna).

13. Transcarpathia.

14. Volyn.

15. Polessie.

nharaunda idzi rweUkraine vakabatana kuburikidza chakarongwa kupesana kupinda munzvimbo, izvo munyika 24.

chernihiv

Chernihiv nharaunda iri kuchamhembe chikamu mamiriro. Chinosanganisira chernihiv nharaunda, chikamu Sumy uye Slavutych. Vagari Ukrainian vanogara pano zvinogona kucherechedzwa kuti zvakazorodza kwenzvimbo iri nyore, sezvo anongoda yose riri East European Plain.

Pano runoyerera vanenge 1,100 nzizi. Kureba kwavo 8 zviuru. Km. Kunze izvi, vashanyi vanokwezvwa nemhuka dzinonakidza dzakanyorwa muna Red Book: bison, .. inosvetuka, zviremwaremwa, ferrets, Cranes, mazizi, etc. kunzvimbo yakadaro rweUkraine, sezvo chernihiv, nhaka yakakwana mari reserves. On mundima paki asangana vatatu (imwe nzvimbo, vaviri dzinongoitika). Kureva, nhamba idzi kuwedzera ushanyi mukana.

Kwakaita 2015 vanhu vanenge miriyoni imwe vanogara munharaunda. Izvi, Ukrainians vanoumba zvinopfuura 90% yevanhu, rinogona kuwanikwa Belarusians uye Russian.

Kyivshchyna

Wechipiri kukosha dunhu - Kiev nharaunda. musiyano Its iri pakuti rimwe guta, zvichipomerwa chikamu nzvimbo iyi, harisi mugari, uye mabasa kuzvida kuparadzanisa administrative-miganhu chikwata. Iri simba guta inoti akadai Ukraine - Kiev.

ruwa ine vagari zvinopfuura hafu yemiriyoni vanhu (sekune 2013) kuti. Okunze ndiko munyoro, chando zvishoma inotonhorera, inodziya yechirimo. Kuchamhembe Kiev nharaunda iri Polesie neyamapani, nechokumabvazuva - kurutivi Dnieper, kumaodzanyemba uye muzinda nedunhu - iri Dnieper Upland. It ane wechigarire rwizi mumipata, kuhova mawere.

Kufanana nedzimwe nzvimbo dzakawanda kuti inomuka mumusoro mushure mubvunzo "Sei zviparadzanise Ukraine" uye vari Dnieper River, chikamu Kiev nharaunda riri pamahombekombe wayo.

Dnieper

Nharaunda iri mu pakati Ukraine, pedyo Dnieper uye Bug. Dnieper anopindura vanopfuura zviuru 24. ^Km2. Kana ukashandisa kadhi, unogona zvakachengeteka kutaura kuti miganhu 6 maguta: Poltava, Dnepropetrovsk, Nikolaev, Vinnitsa. It rakava rechitatu mu "How kugovera Ukraine" nyaya.

Vanochera matongo, pashure pokupedza imwe anonakidza uye anokosha kudzidza, akawana kuti upenyu wokutanga ndima iyi akazviratidza X remakore BC. Kare, nzvimbo iri rinenge hapana anonakidza chakaitika. Muzana XIII remakore, Kirovohrad nharaunda yakanga ichitongwa Lithuania, uye kubvira 1569 - Poland.

Nharaunda kuitika pamusoro Dnieper nharaunda iri chaizvo panzvimbo, iyo nzvimbo yechizvarirwo pakati Cossack sich uye vokutanga Cossacks.

Gungwa Azov

Sea Azov inoremekedzwa nzvimbo chechina ari mazita "sei kuti vagovere Ukraine," maererano kureba kwayo. It rinoumbwa zvimwe zvikamu Donetsk, Zaporozhye, Kherson nharaunda, uyewo mumaguta dzakati remunharaunda kukosha (Mariupol, Melitopol uye Berdyansk).

Ndiyo musimboti simbi muUkraine. Nokuda Mariupol, sezvamakaropafadzwa akavaka miti yakawanda, kureva muna Priazovye pauri kupfuura chimwe muzvitatu zvachose Ukrainian kugadzirwa simbi, vakakanda simbi, chemubhotoro, zvikwepa uye zvichingodaro. D.

Zvakakwana mune nharaunda iyi inogona kunzi uye chokufambisa. Kune seaports nhatu Mariupol, Taganrog, Berdyansk. dzakabudirira zvakanaka uye nekugadzirwa Hurumende agrarian bhora, zvokudya indasitiri uye kuredza.

Donbass

Donbass - nharaunda kuti anenge yakabuda kwenguva refu uye achiri mashizha tsika, tsika uye nzira youpenyu kuchinja. Chechishanu ari chepamusoro kuti "sei kuti zviparadzanise Ukraine" munharaunda yacho. Inoitwa Donetsk nharaunda uye kumaodzanyemba Luhansk.

Pakutanga Donbass yaimirira ane hwokugadzira kukura ehurumende. Donetsk marasha bheseni sezvayakawanikwa nemasayendisiti muna 1720, uye kubvira ipapo tenzi wake. Rinotaura vanenge 60 zviuru. Km. The marasha reserves pane guru zvakakwana. Pamusangano kudzika kusvika 1700 M zvachose guru akawana dura 140 Mill. Matani.

Nokuti chokuti Lugansk nharaunda uye Donetsk pedyo kuonana nomumwe, akanga ari kubvuma, kuti vatsvake zvakajairika zvavanofarira, uye vave kurongwa mumapoka kudunhu pasi zita Donbass. Vagari Ukraine yakati kuti kunze zvinangwa, zviviri izvi vane upfumi bhora zvakafanana, nhoroondo uye tsika.

Kwemakumi emakore, ndicho chinonyanya pakati pamusoro marasha bhizimisi uye simbi (zvose ruvara uye dema).

Muganhu pakati Russia neUkraine. ukama nyika

MuEurope, vashoma dzakavakidzana kuti anozvikudza kare kare pamwe chete, marudzi, uye tose zvaunofarira, zvoupfumi maitiro uye dzimwe nyaya kubatanidza nyika mbiri - Ukraine uye Russia. Ukraine guta mepu zvakakwana zvinoratidza sei simba, zvakasimba "nopindirana" kunyika idzi.

Tisati muchiuto kunetsana ne voting yevakapindura zvinotevera mashoko kunge kuchijeka: ruzhinji (44%) vanowanzomuitira kufunga kuti hurumende acharamba kusika yakanaka ezvinhu kuti kuvapo. Pashure pezvose, kwemakore akawanda rainzi hanzvadzi yavo. Unogona kunyange rindai kuti maindasitiri zhinji uye munzvimbo zvakafanana yakarongeka, uye vari kuisa kuvhara pamwe. Chikamu vanovavhotera (28%) wechipiri waiva nyasha yokuti kumatunhu Ukraine, uyewo hurumende yose nyika vachava noukama hwakanaka Federation. The zororo (9%) akavhotera kuderera ukama pakati penyika mbiri. Ongororo iyi zvaisanganisira vanhu zvishoma pane mazana matanhatu, vakawanda vanodavira remangwana rakajeka aiita kuti ukama hwakanaka vari kuramba kunyange pamusoro kanenge zana. Vanhu vaiva nemakore asingasviki 45, ari for zvaiita yakavakirwa nokungwarira.

Zvino pane kusawirirana guru pakati kuUkraine uye Russian Federation, asi zvakakosha kuti kutenda kuti kukakavara zvose kubviswa nokukurumidza.

muganhu Russian pamwe Ukraine ikoko kubva 1991. Kusanzwisisana nyika mbiri nemhaka Crimean kweItari anonzi kukwana. Akavaka kunhivi mukomberedzo unodzivirira, ndakagadza inodiwa uye chakagadzirwa mbiru.