Hubs - chii? mudziyo nomusimboti

Vanhu vazhinji vanoshamisika pamusoro chii hubs uye zvavari zvinodya. Ndiani tichava kuongorora nyaya iyi. Under nomusimboti unowanzoonekwa kunzwisiswa se nomumbure raiva pedyo nebundu. Izwi iri rinoreva zvakasiyana mumaindasitiri siyana.

Kushandisa nomusimboti mu sectors siyana

Somuenzaniso, muna zvekufambisa hubs - a nokuisazve kana zadzisa nodes, hubs. The simba indasitiri ndiyo muzinda unokosha umo imwe nzira rakakamurwa dzakawanda. Off-mugwagwa motokari kuti shoko anonzi imwe-nzira batira kuti yakaiswa nechemberi ekisero. In siyana Internet network uyewo kushandisa hubs. Zvinei "FidoNet" samambure? Pano nomusimboti - raiva pedyo nebundu, iyo inoshandiswa akatamisa tsamba. The Direct Connect faira nokugoverana Network atumidzwa padandemutande Server.

Asi yainyanya kushandiswa pfungwa iri zvemichina kombiyuta uye Indaneti. A dzakananga seti samambure michina inobva mabasa ayo pamberi akaronga zvakarukwa uye mari Implementation nezvevamwe mhinduro. Chinhu chinokosha zvinetso zvakadaro kuonekwa pakusarudza namano, ramakagadzwa chikuru basa iri reDare routers, haizoshandisi uye hubs. Kureva, tinoedza kunzwisisa.

Hubs mu kombiyuta network

Kuveza michina kombiyuta network tichingotarisira Virtual. Namano kuti avo hwaro uye kushandiswa kutaurirana pakati makombiyuta, inonzi zvakasiyana: a nomusimboti, mumwe chinja uye router. Chii, tinofunga zvizere.

Mumwe nomumwe mano izvi kuridza basa kwayo kukurukurirana pakati makombiyuta pamusoro nomumbure. Nechokunze vanogona kutarira zvakafanana: simbi mabhokisi vashoma saizi ane nhamba zviteshi uye connectors, izvo batanidza Ethernet-waya. Panyaya pfungwa dzakadai chinja, nomusimboti, nomusimboti, router, vari inowanzoshandiswa anoreva zvakafanana, asi ichi ndicho chikanganiso. siyana zvose mano izvi.

nomusimboti

Mumwe wokutanga rezvebonde mano vari hubs. Ndeapi izvi? Izwi rine Chirungu mavambo. Shoko nomusimboti ndiyo musimboti basa. Hub, kana nomusimboti, zvakagadzirirwa kubatanidza makombiyuta mune rimwe kuna hoc Network. The mudziyo inopa dzinoverengeka zvengarava, izvo zvinogona batanidza chero munhu makombiyuta pamusoro pemambure. Most inowanzoshandiswa nokuda ichi chinangwa, yakakoswa peya, iyo kusvinwa munzira chaiyo.

The kushanda musimboti nomusimboti

Funga nheyo kushanda pemambure nomusimboti. Kana kuedza kuwana chero nemambure makombiyuta nepokuongorora nomusimboti, mumwe kombiyuta, mudziyo wokutanga rwunotumirwa Kero samambure nomusimboti Kunyanya rwamashoko inonzi omumasherufu.

Edza kunzwisisa muenzaniso redunhu makombiyuta matatu. Ngatitii mudziyo vari zvakabatanidzwa makombiyuta PC1, PC2 uye PC3. Basa nomusimboti chiri kubereka pamusoro umbowo packet kubva PC1 kuburikidza achitumira vamwe mano, kukabatanidzwa kuva WLAN, kureva, PC2 uye PC3. Panguva kubvuma kuti PC3 kombiyuta chiratidzo, nokuti raakanga akagadzira, yokupedzisira anotumira kudzoka packet nomusimboti. Izvi pasuru nomusimboti zvakare anotumira zvose samambure makombiyuta sokuvapo mhinduro kubva PC3 harizodzoki kuti kutumira kombiyuta PC1.

muenzaniso dhayagiramu hwakadaro inowanikwa makombiyuta zvakabatana vari munharaunda samambure ine muzinda. The chikuru drawback kuti network dzakadaro - mashoko akawandisa anotumwa. Nemambure nomusimboti anoramba achitumira mashoko omumasherufu vose samambure mano, kunyange chiitiko kuti kuenda nokuda kuchiitirwa PC. Panguva iyoyowo, makombiyuta zvidimbu mashoko kuti kazhinji zvachose havadi navo. The zvemichina unoidza dzinodhura kwazvo kunze. Ndokusaka zvino hubs anenge kubva kushandiswa. In dzoka, vakava noushamwari zvikuru zvakachenjera mano - network haizoshandisi, izvo zvakafanana parlance anonzi chinja.

chinja

Shoko rokuti "chinja" (chinja) ane Chirungu hunhu uye ufambe nzira, kana nomumbure chinja. Kufanana nomusimboti chinja kunodiwa kubatanidza makombiyuta pamusoro chete emo network. Connection dhayagiramu of kombiyuta akasiyana redunhu pemambure nomusimboti. Panzvimbo nomusimboti PC chokuita kuti chinja.

Sezvo zviri pachena chaizvo chakafanana nomusimboti, mumwe chinja Evhangeri yemvura noMweya ndiyo payo, ndiye nzira iyo mashoko chinopfuudzwa pakati Network makombiyuta.

Pashure pokugamuchira mashoko packet kubva kombiyuta, nomumbure chinja, kusiyana nomusimboti hazvirevi dzinotumira kuti hrs zvose pokuita pomumbure, uye anoronga kuti nekutumirwa kwemauto pasuru pakero ndiro kombiyuta, iro rakagadzirirwa pasuru. Somuenzaniso, apo PK1 anotumira mashoko packet kuna PK3, chinja rinoronga kuchinjwa kwaari, pavaigona kutora chikepe chaienda ari PK2. PK3 Achipindura packet kubva zvakarukwa chinja uyewo anodzoka chete yatumira mashoko ari packet - PK1.

The chinja anokwanisa kuchengeta kero makombiyuta zvose zvine chokuita yayo zvengarava, uye nokudaro inogona kushanda ne yepamutemo mvumo, vakapfuura mashoko chete pamusoro kuenda PC uye kuteerera vamwe.

Hwaro nemambure chinja akaisa pasi tafura chinokosha Mac-Kero samambure michina vanoshandisa ari kwokunze uye zvemukati network. Somugumisiro, mumwe packet mashoko, kupinda mumwe nomumwe zvengarava kunosvika tichienzanisa tafura hwokutiparadza uye anotumirwa chengarava kero, apo yakakodzera michina.

router

The zita "router" chamuita kuti Chirungu router. router ichi anokwanisa kuronga kuchinjwa mashoko pakati LANs maviri kana kupfuura zvakasiyana. Mukuwedzera, router anotipa zvengarava kuti vanosungirwa kubatanidza kuti imwe mudziyo ane waya.

Nheyo nokushanda router

Kufanana zvakarukwa chinja anochengetedza tafura Mac-kero, ari router sezvo patafura hwokutiparadza rinochengeta tafura IP-kero. The chikuru basa munhu router ndiko kuti achengetere umboo uye kuzvidzora kuitira kuti vamwe routers vanoziva nokuchinja Network configuration. Zvinonzi akagadzirisa nokushandisa zviri hwokutiparadza protocols kuti Kufambisa nevamwe routers. Kana ukapiwa pasuru rokupedzisira router anoshandisa protocols siyana uye nzira nokuda Pakusarudza nzira yakanakisisa mashoko packet vorega kuenda.

The router inogona chiite kuti zvinosanganisira mitemo multi-pamwero kuti takatsunga ne zviri omumasherufu mashoko anouya kwaari. The router iri zvichikwanisa Activate nemambure midziyo dziviriro hurongwa, kutepfenyura samambure Nat-kero uye kuva DHCP Network mabasa.

With rezvedzidzo stuffing, routers ndezvimwe zvezvisarudzo yakagozha rezvebonde namano. Mukuwedzera zvichiita redirecting yomumugwagwa mashoko packet routers zvinogona kushandiswa pave motokari kudzora network. Mukuwedzera, vane mano sei nokuchinja nemambure mune simba muoti Detective pavo kubereka ayo kudzivirira packet mupise, pakuverenga omumasherufu kuvhara kana kupfuura.

USB-nomusimboti

Kuwedzera Ethernet pomumbure hubs, rokuti "nomusimboti" rinoshandiswa USB michina. Kukura itsva michina nzvimbo yakakwirira yaanoti padanho kukura User interfaces zvishandiswa kombiyuta. Pane zvakasiyana-siyana peripherals kombiyuta kuti kwakabatana achishandisa USB kubatana, zvinoda zano rinokosha kuti ukwanise kubatanidza akawanda mano panguva imwe chete Via USB. Inonzi USB-nomusimboti. Ungazviita sei?

USB-nomusimboti (USB-nomusimboti) iri umhare duku saizi rine vakawanda zvengarava. Hwakabatana kuti kombiyuta kubudikidza slots. Kunoitawo kuti dzaiitirwa kune rimwe USB-chengarava riri PC zvimwe USB namano.

The USB-nomusimboti

Design uye hubs havasi chaizvo kunzwisisa. Vari zvakagadzirirwa chinja kuti zviratidzo uye goho voltage. Mukuwedzera, ivo kuongorora mamiriro peripherals zvakabatana kwairi, vachiisa hondo nezvokudzokera kuchinja.

Sechivako nomusimboti zvinosanganisira modules maviri - the controller uye repeater. Repeater - a controllable chinja unobatanidza kwezvavakaisa goho zvengarava. It anokwanisa itangezve uye misa kwemashoko chiratidzo. The controller zvinosanganisira evoruzhinji kuti kubvumira kudyidzana pamwe nehondo. Evoruzhinji vari neKomisheni mirayiro inokosha inobvumira kubudisa nomusimboti marongero kudzora mamiriro uye agoshandura parameters ose downlink zvengarava. Zvinokwanisika kushandisa outsourcing nomusimboti apo Namano chokuita mu dzakatevedzana.

Mhando USB-concentrators

Rimwe kwemarudzi izvi - dzomunyika kadhi iri hurongwa bhazi. Inoshanda kubatanidza USB-mano kuti motherboard. Izvi zvinoitwa nomukombiyuta USB PCI kadhi yakaiswa pamusoro PCI bhazi nzvimbo, iri zvakananga pamusoro motherboard. Izvi mhando USB-nomusimboti zvakanakisisa kushandisa vaya vanoziva kombiyuta mudziyo. Avo vasina ruzivo, zviri nani kugara imwe chimiro.

Rumwe rudzi - zviri ane zvokunze USB-nomusimboti pasina simba. mudziyo akadaro nyore uye yakati chipa. siyana iri USB-nomusimboti zvakabatana kuti USB-Chiteshi kombiyuta yako. mudziyo uyu akakwana kuti tablet varidzi. Home vanozvishandisa anogona kushandisa iri USB-nomusimboti, asi zvinokosha kufunga kuti nhamba mano chokuita kuti kombiyuta kunoda simba yaipiwa vachishandisa USB-pachiteshi. mhando iyi nomusimboti haisi kukwanisa simba vakawanda kudaro namano. Pakadaro, zvakanakisisa kushandisa Powered hubs. Ndeapi izvi uye kuti akasiyana sei mano pasina simba?

Pete USB-nomusimboti uchishandisa musimboti chaizvo kufanana kuti nomusimboti pasina simba. Musiyano iri chokwadi kuti rinogona ikava simba nzira yokubudisa. Izvi zvinoita kuti vawane simba zvakazara namano zvose zvine chokuita Via YUSB. The guru hubs USB - semiportovye.

Rumwe rudzi mudziyo yakadaro - kombiyuta USB bhodhi. mudziyo Izvi rakanakira notibhuku vanozvishandisa. It kunofambidzana chaiwo USB-chiteshi chengarava riri nebhuku rokunyorera chassis, uye anobvumira kuti kushandisa zviteshi zviviri pane mumwe.