Ijma - iri unanimity pamusoro kududzirwa zvatinopiwa ari Korani uye Sunnah

Masayendisiti, vafundisi, pasinei chitendero, mubasa kududzirwa zvinyorwa, kurukura nyaya iyi kana kuti dzidziso, tsanangura kuti munhu anofa zvokudya kwaida kuverenga mabhuku. In Islam, kuitira kudzivisa unoreva zvakawanda pamusoro kududzirwa of Korani uye Sunnah, ijma kushandiswa. Ijma - iri unanimity mujtahids chizvarwa chimwe pamusoro nemitemo Sharia.

pfungwa

About ijma musoro kutaura, kana zvose imwe nzanga, masayendisiti kusvika nekubvirana. Kana pane imwe mujtahid anoshora, kuti ijma 'sezvo vakadaro vasipo.

Ijma - chibvumirano ichi masayendisiti, vafundisi vanoti Islam. Maonero zvavo vanofa dzemaitirwe haina kutorwa. Uyewo kukosha migumisiro Kukurukurwa Koran mumwe munharaunda.

Sezvo ijma - mhedziso, rinogona kunzi sezvo uchapupu, asi kwete chokwadi paMhedziso, iyo inodzidzisa Allah uye muprofita wake Muhammad. By ijma kwete kushanda kusvika chibvumirano panorumwe, kwete sharia mutemo. Korani, Sunnah, ijma '- huru zvinyorwa zviri Shariah. K akashandisa vafundisi rinorondedzerawo kiyas kududzira, izvo dzichakurukurwa pazasi.

Purpose ijma

Bhuku chikuru vechiMuslim - neKorani uye Sunna. Zvinotisimbisa yakaratidza zvose sei kuti ave akatendeka upenyu, chii iwe unogona uye haugoni kuita chechiMuslim, zvokuita mumamiriro ezvinhu. Zvisinei, Allah uye ake Muporofita Mohammed ape talk zano (kunyange vazhinji zvokudya zviri raanotaura Sunnah), asi muupenyu zvakakwana panyaya Naizvozvo, zvinoda uchida tsananguro. Kuti vaite izvi, uye hapana ijma.

mhando

Vanodzidza kusiyanisa mhando mbiri ijma: rokupedzisira uye vanofungidzirwa. Muchiitiko chokutanga rinoreva mamiriro ezvinhu nako wose anobvuma, pasina chaakasiya vaMuslim (kwairayirwa munamato kashanu, kurambidza kuti upombwe , uye zvichingodaro. D.). Kana munhu asingadi vanobvumirana nharo izvi, kutenda kwake hakusi simba.

The rakapa maonero hakufaniri zvinopesana zvinodavirwa muchitendero ari Sharia. Ijma ', zvichipesana Korani, zviri wokusavimbika, hazvigutsi rikaratidzwa akadzima kana achiri rine kusiyana.

mamiriro

The vakawanda mhedziso pamusoro kunosiyana mitemo inofanira yasimbiswa. Evidence kwakavakirwa Mitsara masayendisiti nomukurumbira kana kugutsikana akakodzera zvinyorwa.

With kuitwa ijma wairambidza vakambodanana kusawirirana zvose panyaya. It akabvumira Kudzimwa kwechikwereti yapfuura nzvimbo vagamuchirwa nokuda mujtahids. Zvadaro pane itsva maonero.

Kuendeswa varume vakachenjera munharaunda chisarudzo vakapinda simba, hazvina zvakakodzera kumirira mugumo remakore. Kugona nokubvumirana pakati masayendisiti kunoita chokupika zvinodiwa fanira nokuda vechiMuslim sezvo mitemo vakapinda simba. Ijma - chinhu chokuita zvose vakatendeka, pasinei chinzvimbo.

Enyanzvi hapana tabvumirana pamusoro kana kuti kufunga ijma runyararo. Munhu anofunga kuti kushaya okutsiura, kunaka mashoko - ndiwo rudzi chibvumirano saka anogona kuonekwa sezvo ijma. Other mujtahids tenda kusavapo cues chete uchapupu Kururama nomukurukuri. Vamwewo havana kuzviita kuti ukoshi wakanyarara uye wechina kuti ijma 'ane kodzero iripo, kana chizvarwa remasayendisiti vakasiya ino isati munhu kubva nenzanga vakachenjera vakanga vasingabvumirani.

madhigirii

Sezvo rimwe nharo anouya nenzira dzakasiyana, ukuru ijma ringabatanidza zvinotevera:

• kutukana: mumwe nemaonero pamusoro nyaya chinoratidzwa kuburikidza kutaura, akashandisa shoko rokuti "akabvumira", "zvakakodzera" kana "wairambidza";
• kunyarara: munharaunda nhengo haana kubvumirana uye regai akarangarira kuti, sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, vamwe vafundisi havana vaiona ijma;
• kubudirira Hazvipikiswi mushure vanozvinyima;
• yakatangwa dzakakudzingai maonero akasiyana-siyana pashure anozviramba.

Vanodzidza regai kuisa mitemo, zviri ndisipo muna Korani uye Sunnah. Mujtahids chete kududzira huru zvinyorwa zviri Sharia achirifananidza pfungwa dzechitendero uye mitemo pamutemo. In Islam, izvi pfungwa dziri anenge kufanana, sezvazvakanyorwa ichaongororwa kuti yepamutemo bhora (uyewo zvimwe noupenyu vechiMuslim) hunodzorwa Allah uye mutumwa.

Ijma uye qiyas

Under Kiyasov akanzwisisa kufunga nomuenzaniso. Kana kwainyanya asina nhungamiro akananga mamwe maitiro, mitemo vari akagadzira pachishandiswa vamwe zvokudya.

Qiyas ine yenhengo zvina:

• zvazvingava ive Ringanidzo;
• Kazhinji, iro riri yakaiswa Ringanidzo;
• zvinodiwa kutanga nzvimbo kune wechipiri vakaparadzira;
• kubatana maererano zvokudya Shari'ah.

Somuenzaniso, neKorani rinorambidza kunwa waini, asi rinoti hapana pamusoro doro. Asi doro chinewo doro. Nokuda Kiyasov Kurambidza asiwo foamy chinodururwa. The kutanga zvazvingava anoonekwa kuva kunze waini Ringanidzo - doro rakawanda, pasi zvokudya - kurambidza, uye kubatana zvokudya - mukana pakati kudhaka.

Korani, ijma ', iro Sunnah, qiyas - hwaro upenyu Muslim. Koran mutemo-isangano, sezvo rine zvakananga zvinotaura Allah. zvose The Sunnah anouya achibva Muporofita, ane mashoko akaenzana mashoko Allah. Uyewo, shoko rokuti "Sunnah" iri zvichishandurwa somunhu kukwana zvaidiwa Shariah.