Kodzero muRussia uye Convention zvevana pamusoro Dzevana Child

Kodzero zvevana hwakakosha zvakaenzana uye anosunga kupfuura vakuru. Zvinotonyanya kukosha, nekuti vana vanoda chaiyo kudzivirirwa ehurumende uye dzakawanda. Vana chakaomesesa kudzivirira kodzero dzavo pachavo, saka muna dzakawanda tsika uye akateerera zvikuru kuti mitemo iri kudzivirira zvavo zvinokosha munhu kodzero.

Kudzivirirwa vana Russian Federation ndiye pasi dzinokosha zvokudya weUnited Nations kugadzirwa Organization.

Kodzero Child muRussia dziri nokudzorwa zvemitemo magwaro akadai:

• Family Code of Russian Federation;
• The Constitution of Russian Federation;
• The mitemo of Russian Federation pamusoro dzoutano;
• Mutemo pamusoro Basic anovimbisa kuti Child Rights muna Russian Federation;
• Federal dzidzo mutemo;
• Mutemo pamusoro mamwe nezvaidzivirira kuchengetedza nherera nevana vasina vabereki;
• Mutemo musi Social Protection pamusoro Disabled Persons muna Russian Federation.

Chinokosha yemarudzi Chishandiso ari kudzivirira vana ndiyo Convention pamusoro Rights of Child. Zvakatora 20 November 1989 g.strany rinotungamirirwa neUnited Nations. It akapinda simba musi waSeptember 2, 1990, pashure pokunge chagamuchirwa nenyika 20 inotaura. Pakati pavo paiva Soviet Union. Mushure accession kuna Convention, icho akagamuchira chinzvimbo mutemo munharaunda yaimbova Soviet Union, uye zvino Russian Federation.

The Convention ine 54 nyaya muudzame munhu kodzero dzevana. Shoko rokuti "mwana" CRC se "munhu pasi pemakore gumi nemasere." Maererano gwaro iri, vana vose vari kodzero kutanga kugona kwavo, vakasununguka kubva nenzara uye uchida, uyewo kumwe mhirizhonga uye kushungurudzwa.

The Convention on Rights Revana chinobatanidza mikana vana kodzero dzose uye mabasa vabereki kana vanhu mutoro kwavari. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, vana vanogona kutora chikamu zvisarudzo anogona sei chake uye ramangwana.

The Convention on Rights Revana enshrines zvinotevera kodzero vana:

• kuva mhuri;
• yokuchengetedzwa neHurumende zviitiko apo pasina zvachose kana pfupi kudzivirirwa vabereki vavo;
• kuenzana;
• kuti vadzivirirwe mhirizhonga;
• pamusoro kurapwa uye kurapwa;
• dzidza uye kuchikoro;
• yorusununguko mupfungwa uye kutaura;
• zita uye nyika;
• kugamuchira mashoko;
• kuti yokuzorora uye;
• pamusoro mamiriro ruyamuro kuti zvidikanwi (semuenzaniso urema).

Kodzero yevana vari Russian Federation

Nokuti vana pasi Family Code of Russian Federation zvinosanganisira vanhu vose pasi pemakore 18. Chokwadi chokuti munhu haana zera ruzhinji, ndiyo woshanda zvizere zvinoenderana Civil Code asingaverengerwi kukanganisa mukana kufunga mwana wacho.

Chapter 11 Family Code hwakagara mwana akadai zvinhu KODZERO DZAVO:

• kodzero yokurarama uye vanokurira mumhuri;
• kodzero yokudzivirirwa zviri pamutemo kodzero uye nezvido;
• kodzero kukurukura nevabereki vavo uye nehama;
• kodzero zita uye zita remhuri;
• kodzero yerusununguko rwekutaura zvaanoda;
• kodzero, kusanganisira kodzero muridzi.

Mabasa vana mumhuri haisi pamutemo kunorondedzerwa. Vari chete mitemo yetsika, mutemo kumanikidza mwana kuita chero mabasa mumhuri asingagoni.
Kuchengetedzwa kodzero vana Russia nhasi kuronga Ombudsman Vana, mune 20 kumatunhu Russia. Zvikuru shamisa nyaya kudzivirira kodzero mwana, chisarudzo iro dzave honzeri vezviitiko akanga achipfuura pakati vakaroorana Kristinoy Orbakayte uye Ruslan Baysarov. Iyi nyaya guru kwakakonzerwa zvinobatsira vanhu vanobatanidzwa mairi. Zvisinei, kusawirirana kwakadaro munyika hakuna kukwana. Nhasi, vane mumwe kugadzirisa.

Ombudsman Vana zvinetso zvinomuka nokuda kuitika mhirizhonga, yevaduku, kupindwa muropa nezvinodhaka, vagari, uye zvimwe zvinetso vasiri vana.