Kuchinja wemamonk muna Yaroslavl: kero, mapikicha

Chitarisiko wemamonk muna Yaroslavl ndiye wedangwe nemamiriro muguta. Nguva yokutanga makanyorwa Chronicle, yomusi 1186 gore. Zvisinei, kumwewo vanoti rayakavambwa muzana XIII remakore. Zvichida ichi hachisi mukuru musi sezvo kuvakwa wokutanga ibwe mutemberi munharaunda wemamongi dzakavakwa mumakore 1216-1224. Izvi runoratidzwa magwaro akawanda. vashanyi Most vanoshanyira isakarurama vavariro pamusoro Yaroslavl. Attractions, mapikicha vaona mabhurocha, vade norunako rwaro, zvikurukuru - mufananidzo mi- wemamongi muzvivako.

History chokusika

Kuva pfungwa chaiyo nzvimbo wemamongi, zvinokosha kuziva apo Yaroslavl pamepu weRussia. The guta riri pamusoro Kotorosl rwizi, pedyo dondo clearings, uye rinoreva chikuru tsika nzvimbo Europe. Pamahombekombe kuruboshwe, uye Kuchinja wemamonk muna Yaroslavl yakavakwa. Kugadzirisa ichi kukwezvana Epiphany Pl., D. 25. Pakutanga, zvose zvivako uye mokupera zvakaitwa namatanda. Muzana XIII remakore wemamongi vakagamuchira patronage pamusoro Prince Constantine pamusoro Yaroslavl, varayirwa vaivapo kuvakwa chivako ibwe, temberi. Nokuda Yaroslavl gavhuna pano chakavhura chikoro chechitendero - chete iri kuchamhembe-rokumabvazuva kudunhu Russia. Muna Spassky Monastery aiva akapfuma raibhurari aiva siyana mabhuku echiGiriki, Russian zvakanyorwa noruoko. Saka, nzvimbo ino yava muzinda zvetsika uye zvokunamata yacho. Mukutanga 90-ies zviri XVIII remakore zvakanga pano kuti muteresi pakati Antiquities Alexei Ivanovich Musin-Pushkin akawanikwa zvakarongwa "Lay", hapana aigona pamusoro dzimwe yemamongi Yaroslavl.

tsananguro mukuru

Pari chitarisiko Monastery iri Yaroslavl chinhu mamiriro yekare, iyo yasvika mazuva edu. It yakavakwa pamusoro penheyo chechechi vakasara 1506-1516 nguva yokutanga. The Church yokutanga zvakaipisisa damage moto 1501, saka akamanikidzwa gujunura. chechi itsva haina yakavakwa muna Yaroslavl, uye vanatenzi Moscow, vatumwa kubva guru iri kutungamirirwa Basil III, nekuti pamberi pamukwidzwa choushe Prince Yaroslavl mitemo. Mapurani chimiro wemamongi iri fananei kuna Moscow Kremlin kereke. The Church iri takapoteredzwa maberere mativi maviri, izvozvo ane pakachena Arcade. Gallery yakavakwa panzvimbo "promenades" akazaruka, iye refu yenguva semupi bhuku panodonedzerwa panguva wemamongi. Mazuva ano, pamwechete archways okumusoro maberere dzakaiswa.

The contours of Church iri pachena uye wakaoma, vari kushanda isina yokushongedzwa kunze kwenguva akapindira namaberere kubva kumavirira. Pamadziro apedza zakomaras makuru uye akaramba virtuoso nepurani. Three akareba namahwindo akanga akapfigwa ari apse vari vakapakata pokunzvenga napo. The Church iri korona zvitsauko zvitatu hombe mukuru-chiedza Gwenzi, izvo wakakomberedzwa duku itsva zvinhu uye akasunga pamusoro arkaturno-columnar mabhandi. Izvi Akaveza kushongedzwa - akajeka chete Church. Vamwe kunze kushongedzwa wemamongi riri yakaoma chaizvo, wakaoma, vanotsanangura kwokuomerwa nguva iyo temberi yakavakwa. Bhesimendi of Church raishandiswa senzira yokuviga rakatenderera ramachinda Yaroslavl, uye pakupera ari XVII remakore ikoko vakavigwa pasi vakakwirira. Rimwe remaguta rokutanga yaiva yakawanda zvivako kumonasitiri, aiva Yaroslavl. Attractions - Photo inotiratidza kuti - vaiva mugumisiro kuvakwa kwezvivako zvitsva uye kudzorerwa akare.

Church pa wemamongi

Kubva kuchamhembe-kumabvazuva divi Kuchinja Cathedral adjoins chechi huru iri Empire manyorerwo, iyo yakavakwa 1827-1831. maererano gwaro kudunhu mapurani Petra Yakovlevicha Pankova. Yaivhara zvachose maonero rekare Cathedral kurutivi rwezasi. nzvimbo iyi asati chechi duku Entry muJerusarema, rakanga vezera wokutanga Church. Zviri mariri dzakafukurwa zvisaririra Yaroslavl chishamiso vashandi - Holy Prince Theodore uye navanakomana vake - David uye Constantine.

A moto 1501, iye zvavose, asi kwete sekuda Church pacharo, saka pakanga makore anenge zana, kusvikira, kusvikira kwakasarudzwa kuti woivaka. Wemamongi uye chechi vakanga kunyanya anokudzwa Moscow machinda. Kunyange Ivan Grozny pachake haana kamwe ambovashanyira. With ake kutaurawo, kuti Church akanga kupendwa, wemamongi vaipemberera zvipo, saka, pachine 55 ngaamuitire youmambo charters.

Wemamongi bhero shongwe

Muzana XVI remakore ari kunharaunda wemamongi rakavakwa hombe bhero shongwe, zvichida, mbiru-kufanana pakutanga, payo raiwanzobatana kune Cathedral mubhedha maberere. Pazasi sechivako rakarongeka chechi, ayo apse kunoonekwa nhasi kumabvazuva. Pakazosvika pakati pezana remakore XVI bhero neshongwe yakanga rakawedzerwa, zvakaita kufamba, yokupedzisira pamusoro matende maviri akagadzirwa nematombo. Maberere kutanga weDanho chacho zviri pachena zvinoonekwa saka kure.

Modern Kutarira belfry kugamuchirwa XIX remakore, panguva imwe chete pakuvaka temberi kukudzwa chishamiso vashandi. Maererano pfungwa murongedzeri PY Pankov izvozvo akavaka pamusoro weDanho wechitatu ekunyebera Gothic maitiro. Pamusoro tikaisa chiduku yeraundi iri ainakidza vachizvikwidziridza. Izvi eclectic zvikuru "akura," akauya kwatiri, kuva chikuru mukuru-simukai chikuru nechepakati Yaroslavl.

refectory

On kumadokero chikamu belfry, kugadzira mapango okuvaka wemamongi nzvimbo, yakaiswa rimwe refectory huru mapuriro maviri ane chechi Christmas. It yakavakwa XVI remakore, zvichida kunyange pamberi katedraali pachayo. Nhongonya ichi chivako chine yakafarikana Mumwe-Mbiru Chamber maberere muchimiro seiri. Rakanga zvaireva kuti yemichato vanokudzwa vaenzi, zviyero refectory makuru yemamongi hama. The hwakavigwa mumakamuri uye masvingo edzimba achiwanza yakashongedzwa mifananidzo. Beauty uye mapindu refectory ichi chaiva nani dzimba guta guru nguva yaro. Saka kudziyisa achigura vent kubva moto kicheni, riri pazasi ndiro vakashumira kubva kari kuburikidza zvikuru akashongedzerwa madhoo. Pasi aiva kicheni uye utility nzvimbo - kuchengetwa, kvasovarnya. Panhurikidzwa yechipiri yakanga yakarongwa uye dzokugara. Nechokumabvazuva chivako undeveloped refectory Chechi Wokuzvarwa. temberi iyi duku, chakange chimire panapamwe pakakwirira. Kubva kumavirira kusvika House makamuri vakabatana Rector yacho XVII remakore. Walls vave kunyimwa hunoshamisa kushongedzwa, kunze nyore architraves uye pilasters.

Holy Gates of Monastery

Pakutanga ari XVI remakore, panzvimbo yamatanda noruzhowa yakavakwa namabwe building, uye pakati pavo yomufaro Mutsvene Gates. Pakutanga kumabvazuva rusvingo pedyo belfry, uye zvino ayo elongated pemitsara iiswe Exclusionary redzimba 1670-1790-ies. Muna 1516 akavaka wokutanga ibwe shongwe madziro wemamongi - kuGedhi Holy, iyo akaenda yorwizi Kotorosl. Muzana XVII remakore zvakavaka zvakawanda uye Belfry, bhero neshongwe, uyu chaiwo aramu bhero atye mameseji, kunze neshongwe wakanamatira ivavo Dhahab - mhando rwokudzivirira mamiriro, anofukidza pamukova kubva zvichibvira aizotambudzazve rwomuvengi. The shongwe ichaongororwa kuti pamukova chikuru, uye gedhi waro goho kuti nechepakati nzvimbo wemamongi. Pakutanga zvakanga takapoteredzwa toothed bhandi, akachengetedzwa ikozvino chete kumaodzanyemba. Pakazosvika pakati pezana remakore XVII pamusoro Gate Mutsvene, kunze sevarindi shongwe, uye akaisa Gate Vvedenskuju Church pamwe kuguma muchimiro yetende, iyo kare zvikuru kuvakwazve muna XIX remakore, kwakatsiva chinyakare tende hipped padenga.

History zvivako

Zvishoma (1550-1580-ies.) Vose womuti masvingo wemamongi vakatsiviwa neibwe. Muganhu wemamongi panguva iyoyo akatora nzvimbo kumabvazuva, uko nhasi voga vakaronga dzimba. Solid ibwe masvingo chaizvo, nokuti muna 1609 vakatamira Yaroslavl Polish-Lithuanian mauto. Guta pacharo rakakombwa Zvisinei, nemhaka yakawiriranwa nokurongwa Kremlin uye wemamongi yave dvadtsatichetyrehdnevnuyu kukombwa akamira, akaramba unconquered. Muna 1612, panguva Mutsvene Kuchinja Monastery akaisa Russian varwi vehondo Prince Dmitriya Pozharskogo uye zvokubatabata Kozma Minin. Kwapera gore, nokuti kugadzwa pacharo Mikhail Romanov akasvika Yaroslavl. Kuchinja wemamonk pamwe chinokudza korona mutongi ramangwana. Zvichida ichi anotsanangura refu patronage dzemhuri youmambo Spassky wemamonk.

Exclusionary pokugara uye kuvakwa itsva

Panoperera pakati Troubles Kuchinja wemamonk muna Yaroslavl kuwedzera munharaunda. Takatanga kuvaka masvingo itsva, vakapakata shongwe. On nzvimbo yekare okumabvazuva rusvingo inovakwa muviri asi refu masero (muna 1670 uye 1690 vake.).

Chivako chikuru zvakanaka rakagadzirirwa akasununguka pokugara:

• Ndaiva kudziyisa hurongwa;
• akashongedzerwa ane zvemukati masitepisi:
• vakapakata yakavakwa wardrobes;
• Yaiva vakaparadzana outputs kuti vawane nerimwe masero.

In yakakomberedzwa pakati wemamongi akapona, kwete zvose shongwe, zvimwe izvo vakazopiwa namambo mumwe chete dzakaparara.

Akatsungirira zvivako zvinotevera:

1. Michael kuti Tower.
2. Bogoroditskaya shongwe.
3. Uglich Tower.
4. Epiphany Tower.
5. Holy Gates.
6. PeGedhi reMvura.

The mberi kutapwa wemamongi

Muzana XVIII remakore wemamongi yakaguma maererano nomurau Catherine II, kuparidza zvenyika kunyika chechi. Kuchinja wemamonk muna Yaroslavl akava yakagara archbishops ose Yaroslavl uye Rostov. Kugadzirisa XIX remakore rakaitwa zvinoenderana maonero zveimba maBhishopu. Vaimbove chechechi achiri dzimba akapfuma raibhurari - raibhurari, akabva avhura uye zvechitendero. Kuburikidza Yaroslavl ichi pamepu yeRussia yaipembererwa sezvo guta dzetsika.

Munguva Soviet, wemamongi yakavharwa. Panguva Yaroslavl yemuna muzvivako zhinji atambura zvikuru, asi zvakare kunatsiridzwa muna 1920. Temberi uye masero ose Spaso-Preobrazhensky wemamongi waishandiswa sedzimba, zvikoro, uto yainyoreswa hofisi. Uye chete 1950s akanga akatakurwa achiburitswa kunze nezvokudzorerwa wakakwana, pano kwakasarudzwa kuisa Yaroslavl Historical uye Architectural Museum-Reserve. Ndiye muridzi izere wemamongi emaguta kusvikira nhasi. Chimiro grand guta akakurumbira kwazvo Yaroslavl. Kuchinja wemamonk, pikicha iyo chinopiwa kumusoro, - yokukosha mamiriro, rinotarira zvechokwadi chikuru husingagumi.