Kuma-Manych Depression: mapikicha, apo, kunyanya

Depression, iyo inogona kuverenga nyaya ino ndiye anonakidza uye nevamwe nokuda kwayo chaiyo dzinongoitika zvinhu. Terms yenzvimbo idzi rakanyatsojeka yakaoma, asi dzinonakidza. Pano zvishoma kutsanangura kujairika, anoshamisa nzvimbo uko Kuma-Manych Depression. Ndezvipi zvepanyama maitiro uye inobudisa ine, unogona kuona pazasi.

Izvi bheseni mu tsaukana mashoko - muganhu pakati Caucasus uye bani Russian. Chinotoshamisa kusiyana kuti nzvimbo iyi kare (muna Quaternary) iripo Strait, unobva nembiya of reCaspian uye Black makungwa.

Kuma-Manych Depression: mapikicha, tsananguro

Chinonzi muchimwiro-mhango muforoma tectonic donhwe, izvo wakapatsanura kubva Ciscaucasia inowanzorimwa uye inonaya mvura shomanana nzvimbo kumaodzanyemba chikamu East European pachena uye rinobatanidza maviri paupamhi amapani - reCaspian uye Kuban-Priazovskaya.

Yakafara anenge 20-30 makiromita, asi ayo chinokosha pane aienda pamusoro 1-2 makiromita.

Nhasi, pane zvimwe zvakawanda hurongwa reservoirs uye madhamu: chikuru munyu pagungwa. Manych-Gudilo uye akawanda vamwe maduku vaduku; Veselovskoye Dam, kuva zvaimutambisira p. Manych panzvimbo dzapasi kunosvika rwizi Don. Just kumabvazuva Grand Canal akasikwa aine zita Kuma-Manych. Uye kumabvazuva chaizvo pamucheto mwoyo - rezasi inosvika pakati Kuma rwizi.

zita

Nezvekwakabva zita romubani (the Kuma-Manych Depression) iri nyore. Rinobva mazita makuru nzizi kuyerera nomunharaunda yacho - Kuma uye Manych.

rusununguko yendima

The mhango ane muchimwiro tectonic mavambo nhaka bhesimendi wongoramba pazvitadzo. Nhoroondo yacho budiriro inogona yakabva mukati makore mamiriyoni 250.

The Nzvimbo iri rinenge sandara.

Kuma-Manych mwoyo une nokukwirira mukuru chinokosha. nharaunda iyi Anotambanudza kubva kumusha Brave kumusha. Zunda Tolga. Sezvineiwo, kunyange pamwero uyu nekukwirira zvishoma kupfuura 20 metres pamusoro pegungwa.

Natural nomunzvimbo dzine

Munharaunda iyi okunze unozvidzora Continental, uye pagore kunayisa zvasvika vanenge 650 mm. Munguva inodziya nguva gore iri hwakanaka yakakwirira tembiricha uye yakawanda kwemvura. The tembiricha kunowedzera kubva kumavirira kusvikira kumabvazuva, uye bhuku kwemvura, Ukuwo, kudzikira mune imwe negwara.

Wevhu vari kunyanya chernozem uye Chestnut. A duku chikamu ndima iri musango-inowanzorimwa uswa, uye zvasara, akawanda - Semi-mugwenga uye inowanzorimwa. mwoyo vakarima pasi munzvimbo dzakasiyana 60 kusvika 90% of nhamba yacho.

Zvinetso uye negadziriso

Kuma-Manych mwoyo kunyanya avo kuti nokuda yakakura makarima nenharaunda dzaro, kuparadzwa kwemasango guru uye ndichibvunza zvigare kwakaitika pano kuchinja zvikuru zvinoshamisa maererano kuderedza uwandu mvura tigutsikane, uye nzizi duku.

Mumakore 100 apfuura, zvachose urefu nzizi ano yakaderera nezvikamu zvinopfuura 50%.

More zvakananga - chii chakaitika? Gone nzizi 35, une kureba kusvika 3 km. Vakaparadzwa nokuda kwevanhu kukanganisa uye mabasa vanhu zvoupfumi. Vazhinji nzizi vasara vakatanga kuva akaderera mvura kugutsikana zvamboita, uye vazhinji vavo vane zvachose pamusoro aibuda zvino chete muchirimo.

Kuti vawane nokuda desalination uye chinofashukira murwizi Manych akasikwa vanhu Mipata kubva yakachena mvura nzizi Kuban uye Don. Vazhinji vose migero munzvimbo idzi akasikwa yokudiridza dzisinganayi inowanzorimwa kumatunhu uye kuti mukana wekushandisa kurwizi. West Manych.

Nhasi, zvikuru pfungwa inobhadharwa matambudziko ivhu mamiriro panzvimbo idzi. Anoitisa kutsvakurudza mirayiridzo iyi.

Heunoi rutivi iri ano kwezvakatipoteredza Kuma-Manych Depression.

dzinonakidza zvinhu

1. kuora mwoyo uku - rudzi kupfuura kuzivikanwa zvemasanga muganhu pakati Europe uye Asia.

2. nzvimbo inotsanangurwa zvanza anooneka zvikuru nemichinjiziri pamusoro muhomba-Manych huru mamiriro Rostovsky Nature Reserve (Biosphere).

Pane ari kukura 78 mhando akadzivirira zvinomera: kusanganisira 12 vavo akanyorwa muna Russian Red Book, 77 mhando - kudzivirirwa panguva remunharaunda chechetere. Kubva izvi zvose, nhamba kwemarudzi Dzvuku Data Bhuku Kalmykia inosanganisira 64 mubhuku iri Rostov dunhu - 23, Stavropol Territory - 16, uye Dagestan - 1 marudzi.

Interesting uye yakasiyana Kuma-Manych Depression. Nokuti asati kubatana mhiri yakamanika Manych pakati pamakungwa (the reCaspian uye Black) wemhosva, ipapo akamira zvakare, rusununguko ano huripo reservoirs yenzvimbo idzi kunzwisisa chaizvo. Kune marshes zhinji, zviwi migero, estuaries, izvo zvinoumba guru, asi zvikuru kunzwisisa uye yekare dzinongoitika mvura wemuTesitamende kumaodzanyemba European chikamu Russia.

Interesting nharaunda kuongorora zvinhu zvakasikwa zviri izvi nedzimwe nzvimbo kuti kusika zvinhu nokuda kuvandudzika kwezvinhu zvipenyu nezvakazvipoteredza ezvinhu.