Kurapa pashure kudira muzhizha uye chando nguva

Kurapa Concrete achiperekedzwa nemakemikari, izvo yekudyidzana kunokanganisa mvura pamberi. In kongiri guru pane imwe dilution iri akawedzera zvakakwana yakawanda Urume kuitira hydration. Kuti izvi kuramba kusvikira panguva dzakadai kongiri anoomesa zvachose, zvakakodzera muzadze mvura zvokuyamura kana kuti kutora matanho kuti achengetedze navo. Based kuchengetwa pashure kudira kongiri varambe nyoro mamiriro kwenguva yakati nguva kuitira kudzivisa Absorção de Água kuti unyoro kana tsvina pose formwork yayo kwemvura. Zvinogonekawo enderana wetting ndege.

mitemo

Concrete rinorema GOST 26633 2012, rinowanika munzvimbo yakaderera-mangwanani-simba simende, makore mu nyorovera ezvinhu kwevhiki dzinenge mbiri. A mapfupi kumwedzi kunodiwa kuti nokukurumidza nokuomesa simende, asi muchiitiko chino, basa rinoitwa zvakawanda kwazvo.

The akanyorova kongiri ane tembiricha yakaderera zvichienzaniswa kwakajairika. chinhu ichi rinoshanda kuti aluminous zvinhu, sezvo pane kuderera yesimba rayo kupetwa nekaviri apo kwazvo ane tembiricha chikumbaridzo 32 ° C.

Yaidzorwa Kurapwa SNIP 3.01.01-85. Nzira dzose mutemo mwando netembiricha nemamiriro unosimbiswa Zvivako chirongwa.

Features kutarisirwa chirimo

The chikuru basa rokutarisira pemvura iri zhizha kudzivirira kuomesa kubuda. Nezvekugadzirwa mwando zvakakodzera nzira ine mitemo nyore yaida hurongwa kuurayiwa. Sun mwaranzi uye yakananga mhepo kukanganisa ari pachena hukawanika, saka vanofanira kudzivirirwa kubva kwavari. Kushandiswa ichi incipient wetness unhani Somuenzaniso, imwe nematende kana burlap. The polyethylene firimu anogonawo kushumira sezvo zvinhu kudzivirira kuomesa. Kunoitawo kuti kudzivisa panowanikwa mibvunzo yakadai: "Nei kutsemuka chesamende uye pane munyu bvuta"

Pasina chinokosha pamusoro yokunamisa maawa mashoma pashure pokupedza wakadiridzwa kana akazara nejecha. The kakawanda achidiridzira kukanganisa ambient ezvinhu, asi pasina navo, unhani zvinofanira kugara nyoro kusvikira kongiri awana zvizhinji yakatarwa simba. Unogona kushandisa hoses pamwe pfapfaidzo kudiridza.

Under ezvinhu dzakakwirira tembiricha asati concreting mabasa rakadiridzwa zvakanaka formwork. Kana yabviswa risati apedza achirapa, vanoda moisturizing raspalublennyh tote ndege. Nokuti kumatunhu rinopisa, yakaoma okunze pfungwa kushandiswa hurongwa yakabvooka duku kudiridza kutwasuka hukawanika unopinza materu.

Other akaipa zvinhu

The chatingatevedzera akateya kongiri kungaita kwete chete kupisa, asi pasi. Kuti udzivise hasha chiito kugadzirisa paiva kuputira kana abudise. Basa rakadaro kuti alumina simende kwemazuva matatu, uye mazuva 10-14 mamwe marudzi.

Rinokosha munyu kugutsikana achidiridzira anogona omesa magadzirirwo. Pashure kwemvura of munyu kuramba nemvura acho uye kunoita kuti vasanyanye bhavhu simba. Panyaya iyi, chete pachena kuri pachimedu unhani iyo anoiswa pa chinhambwe zvishoma masendimita yechivako chacho. Vakaroorana yakakanyiwa nezvakavhenganiswa, sezvamakaropafadzwa munyu kuramba chifukidziro zvinhu.

Nokuti kudzivirirwa uye hydration pamusoro chesamende kunovhengana kunoda nguva chinokosha uye nesimba. Naizvozvo anowanzoshandiswa nebhitumini pendi Formulations, ari polymer mafirimu unodzivirira kuti hukawanika huru footage, dzikapfeka haana kuonana chesamende.

The chaiyo muoti kunodikanwa mwando kuti zvinhu lightweight simende pamwe fillers ose porous mhando. Kurapa pamwe masikati rokuponesa nguva achishandisa firimu unhani uye pendi Formulations zvinodzivirira kubva kuunyoro.

Low tembiricha

Chokwadi, kana uine mukana kusarudza nguva kongiri basa, nani kupa kupfuura mwedzi yezhizha. Asi kana mune kupedza chando concreting, zvinoda matanho chaiwo kudzivirira mashoko kubva kuoma nechando pamberi payo Chinobudirira simba rakakodzera.

In kwegadziriro mhinduro pasina kuwedzera dzakananga modifiers vanofanira kudziyisa mvura. In ichi chichiitwa kugadzwa yaifanira. The -oma chapamusoro kuti kupatsanurwa pachishandiswa hwemvura uye akabvisa, ipapo pakarepo rinoshanda kudira.

In yechando, okurapa zvinosanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kunopiwa muganhu tembiricha siyana iri insulated mamiriro uchishandisa insulating zvinhu.
• Transformers dzakakwirira simba inoshandiswa muchidziisa isingarapiki chawo.
• Shandisa chiedza mhando zvokunyama kana kongiri rinorema, GOST iyo anoitarisira antifreeze yokuvirisa.

Kusika Kupisa inowanzotorwa muoti zvinogoneka ne "matende" apo muchidziisa munhu kupisa pfuti. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti undesirability pamusoro yemagetsi kudziyisa zvinhu kuti mutete-namasvingo, sezvo izvi zvinogona kukonzera overdrying. Nzira yokubuda mamiriro ezvinhu ari kushandisa hwemvura kudziyisa kana michini hita.

formwork

Modern mazano kudzivirira yakakwana kubva kupwa kunze, vasara yakazaruka ndege vanofanira pokugara pakarepo pashure achidira yakaoma ekunze.

To formwork repuranga hakuiti yekubata unyoro uye inopa yepamusoro koukukutu kongiri, ayo womukati nomumativi zvinenge zvakazara ine pre-mafuta sezvamunoita chaiyo. Hazvina here zvakanyatsorongwa spraying kunze, kunyanya inopisa ekunze.

yakawedzera kubva kupwa kubuda kudzivirira inodiwa zvivako diki, zvichienzaniswa kongiri arrays, ichi imhaka ndege yakatanga pavanoparidza iripo vhoriyamu. Dzichimhanya kupfuura dzimwe nzvimbo vanotanga aiyanika panze micheto uye makona.

Kushanda huru hukawanika

Kubva musi rapera kongiri amudanire yakazarukira hombe pamusoro, kutarisirwa kwakakodzera kunodiwa, iro Implementation izvo zvinogoneka munzira dzakawanda.

Kudiridza mwero kuti zvakabatana muridzo unoridzirwa hosipaipi ane pfapfaidzo kamwene. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, pfungwa kuisa imwe kudiridza ezvinhu ane chichiitika. Asi izvi zvinogona kukonzera vachiita nekongiri nokuda zvazvichanyungudutswa simbi iri mvura. Saka, zviri chinodiwa kushandisa pombi akaita anokosha alloys.

Panguva nokurongwa madhamu arangarirwe kuti kunounza nzvimbo yakazaruka mumwe anovhara, kuti iri akamurapa muzhizha yaifanira pokugara uye kudiridza mvura.

Features nhete unhani

Nokuda duku pakukora chesamende pauriri ane nokukurumidza kurasikirwa unyoro. Zvinokurudzira paumbwe dusting uye kusagadzikana kufukidza kusakara. Kunoda sangano basa kuti chesamende okurapa hakuna achiperekedzwa kurasikirwa unyoro. Sex pashure pokupedza ironed akasasa mvura uye azere jecha kana kuvanda mvura nemishonga zvinhu. Urongwa bemhapemha zvinogoneka chete zvakaitika pasina mukana wokuti kukuvara pemvura. Sandy pokugara vanofanira nguva dzose kuva nyoro. Panewo dzimwe nzira ukaramba mwando, asi ivo vari zvishoma nyatsoshanda.

Kurapa nokudzivirira kugadzirira

A-siyana anodzivirira matanho, izvo inoshandiswa spraying chesamende guru uye vari muzvikamu zvitatu mhando: kupendwa mutema, chena uye Hauoneki. Okupedzisira maviri zvokusarudza kuva akaderera nezvainoita mataurire zvinhu. White Formulations akagadzirirwa kufukidza chesamende pamusoro kubva zuva, kuderedza kudziyisa kunokonzerwa chezuva uye kuderedza uwandu chiutsi. Practice inoratidza kuti kongiri ane chena pamusoro zvinhu ehupfumi dziviriro zvakafanana kubva chezuva, zvinoita kuti vasanyanye muchidziisa pepasi kwayo.

The nebwe mhinduro kushandiswa yokunamisa pose airfields sezvo achirapa kusvikira kusvikira yakakwana simba kunodiwa vamwe nzira kuti kubudirira. Nokuda rima ruvara uye kwakawedzera kupisa Absorção de Água, unodzivirira unhani ane zvikuru yakaderera kunyatsoshanda.

Nziyo kwakavakirwa bhitumini

Bituminous bemhapemha kuwedzera tembiricha uye kukonzera tichishingaira kwemvura. Thermal zvinetso kuwedzera kana paine varara nzvimbo, izvo zvinoita kuti chimiro makatsemuka. In ramakore ekunze, bhitumini nziyo kunogona kuderedza cracking walnut asi kwayo mhepo simba pamusoro mwando kwemvura. Kushandisa chena bemhapemha snizhet okuwedzera kupisa Absorção de Água. Asi harigoni kubvisa zvose zvazvakashatira anodzivirira yeimwe nhema sezvo coatings chena vaparadzwa pasi pokudzora zvakatipoteredza ezvinhu. Chero zvazvingava, saka imi hamufaniri kuita zvokufungidzira nei kongiri makatsemuka, zvakakodzera cover burlap kana firimu, uye ipapo inyorovese dzose nzira.

For ndege, zvichiteverwa backfilling uye chubhu uye tunnels pfungwa kushanda coatings ose tara kana bhitumini. Kuderedza kupisa Absorção de Água, chakagadzirwa nekongiri chena pamberi nhau vachagutiswa kumusoro.

Munguva ichangopfuura, kushandiswa anodzivirira nzira segwapa, iyo iumbe kwakavharwa nenyama zvakasimba dzakaonda firimu. Havana asi akawana kwakapararira nekuda kwayo nepaburi nezvechii, asi kana akashandiswa nemazvo, ivo anobatsira mwero pakaoma, kupisa ekunze. Kugona yavo yaitwa rakaoma munharaunda.

hygroscopic munyu

Kurapa pashure Kudzingwa zvakare zvaitika nokushandisa munyu iyo kufungisisa mwando kubva zvakatipoteredza. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti, kana iri hama mwando rikawira pasi yakaoma sandara, zvinopesana neizvi mugumisiro randinogara mune evaporating mvura.