Kuziva kusiyana vanhu mumwe rudzi; uchapupu uye kuedza

Kuziva kusiyana vanhu rimwe rudzi kubvumidzwa kutora danho rinokosha kukura dzidziso yokushanduka-shanduka. Pfungwa uye kukosha pfuma iyi nokuti kwadzakabva ichakurukurwa munyaya yedu.

Chii variability

Under variability kunzwisisa mano zvipenyu kuwana zvitsva zvinhu uye zvivako zviri nedanho nomunhu uye nhoroondo kukura. pfuma iyi - mugumisiro kwadzakabva dzavo zvakatipoteredza. Saka, variability mune vanhu zvakafanana kwemarudzi, izvo zvinoratidza mienzaniso yaifananidzira pazasi, kwakatungamirira chidzoke yevanhu marudzi. A chikamu nhete pamusoro mongoloid maziso yellow ganda akaumba uye wakaiswa pakati genotype vanhu vanogara steppes Asian, umo inongogara vachiridza simba jecha mhepo. A Black nedehwe Negroid mugumisiro upenyu mugwenga African.

variability mhando

variability ari kuziviswa nevanhu rudzi yaratidza kuti vatsva zvinhu hazvigoni kugara nhaka. Izvi kwave vaudzewo mukufamba kuedza. Laboratory makonzo miswe vakatema uye akayambuka pakati pavo. Vanhu vakadaro vari kuberekwa vana Tailed nguva dzose. variability Izvi zvinonzi asiri nhaka, kana nadzurudzo. Kana zviratidzo itsva kukanganisa nemagene midziyo, kuchinja kuti pamwero, asi variability ndiyo nhaka.

nadzurudzo variability

Rangarirai chevana chirahwe: "Munguva yechando, chena, uye vhudzi muzhizha?" Ndiro kuziva kusiyana vanhu zvakafanana kwemarudzi. Masayendisiti dzakaratidza kuti chiratidzo kushandura ruvara Tsuro shinda haisi mhepo tembiricha, uye uwandu chezuva. Zviri nyore kuratidza. Kana inodziya mwaka rima keji kana aviary pamwe hares, kwapera nguva, ivo "kupfeka nguvo chena."

Nadzurudzo variability pakati vanhu mumwe mhando chirimwa chinogona kunzi muenzaniso arrowhead. Inokura mumvura. Mashizha chirimwa ichi, riri pasi mvura, vane rwonzi-kufanana chimiro, uye pamusoro payo - nomuseve. Kuchinja zvezvakatipoteredza ezvinhu uye zvinoisa imwe dikidiki chimiro chavo. Kana wose chirimwa riri pasi mvura, zvose mashizha kutora chimiro tepi.

Havasi vose zvinhu hazvingashandurwi pasi pokudzora zvakatipoteredza ezvinhu. Somuenzaniso, ganda ruvara inogona kuchinjwa pasi pokudzora zuva mwaranzi. Asi pamusoro boka ropa haisi kukanganiswa chero ezvinhu. Nyaya iyi, kufanana nevamwe vakawanda, iri nhaka.

nemagene kushanduka

Changes kukanganisa nemagene midziyo, muri nhaka. Havavimbi pamusoro zvezvakatipoteredza ezvinhu uye anokonzerwa recombination majini kana kunotouraya. Pakanzi ravo chero uye vasiri achitaura zvakasikwa. variability ari kuziviswa nevanhu rimwe rudzi uye kufanana zvinenge vave N. I. Vavilova Research nembiri musayendisiti. Dzavo Zvakaguma mutemo wenyika homologous dzakatevedzana. Chaizvoizvo Its iri yokuti nhaka kuchinja kuchengetwa mune mamwe marudzi, anogonawo kuwanikwa vamwe pedyo naye pakuzvarwa. Somuenzaniso, albinism ndizvo kuti vamiririri makirasi ose vertebrates. mutation ichi kunoitika zvose hove uye mhuka.

Saka, zvipenyu zvinogona kuvapo nenzira dzakasiyana siyana. pfuma iyi inonzi volatility. Rinogona mhando mbiri. Nadzurudzo kunobva mararamiro evanhu uye yakasimbiswa zviri genotype. Genetic kushanduka chokuita nokuchinja nhaka zvinhu. Maitiro akadaro akapfuura pakati namarudzi. Volatility chinhu chinokosha munzvimbo kwaita shanduka adaptations uye transformations.